Here are the key points made in this section:
1. The concept of science evolved over time, from Aristotelian and scholastic views that saw it as knowledge of principles and causes, to more modern views separating it from philosophy.
2. Kant distinguished science as systematic or coordinated knowledge based on principles, separating it from philosophy. Positivists and evolutionists further developed the idea of science as knowledge of relations between phenomena.
3. Spencer characterized science as partially unified knowledge of phenomena, distinguishing it from empirical/vulgar knowledge and total unified philosophical knowledge.
4. There was a historical separation of naturalist/positivist and idealist/spiritualist views of science, with Kantian