Palestra apresentada à CONFOA 2013 (Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil, de 06 a 08 de outubro de 2013) na Mesa III - A ciência aberta e a gestão de dados de pesquisa - pelo Prof. Dr. Sergey Parinov - RÚSSIA - Central Economics and Mathematics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences.

1. SOCIONET CRIS APPROACH
TO SUPPORT OPEN SCIENCE
ACTIVITIES
SERGEY PARINOV, SPARINOV@GMAIL.COM
CENTRAL ECONOMICS AND MATHEMATICS
INSTITUTE OF RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF
SCIENCES
MOSCOW, RUSSIA

2. INFORMATION ABOUT
THE SPEAKER
Sergey Parinov –
• Deputy Director of CEMI RAS, PhD and Doctor of Sci.
• Topics: CRIS-CERIF, Open Science e-infrastructure, research
assessment information systems, new approaches to re-use
research outputs, scientometrics, etc.
Central Economics and Mathematics Institute (CEMI) of RAS,
www.cemi-ras.ru • About 200 scientists, located in Moscow, research topics
includes “science as a socioeconomic system”, “Open Science”,
“research information systems”, etc.
Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), www.ras.ru –
• 450 research institute and about 30000 very active scientists
covers all scientific disciplines

3. SOME NEW TRENDS

4. CRISIS OF TRADITIONAL RESEARCH
OUTPUTS DISTRIBUTION AND RE-USE
In the Beall’ list of corrupt
publishers and journals are (on
15.09.2013):
•242 publishers
•126 journals
Source: http://scholarlyoa.com/2012/12/06/bealls-list-of-predatory-publishers-2013/

5. LOOKING FOR NEW APPROACHES

6. CHANGES IN PUBLISHING FOR
BETTER RE-USE

7. CHANGES IN A QUALITY CONTROL

8. OPEN SCIENCE:
RUSSIAN VIEW
Open Science is a more efficient model of research activity
for individuals, organizations and the science system at
national level based on three main pillars:
• (1) open access - advanced approaches to shape and share
research outputs with world-wide research community,
• (2) open re-use - new tools for scientists to re-use available
research outputs for producing new scientific knowledge, and
• (3) open research assessment - publicly available research
performance statistics updated daily in automated mode for
individual scientists and research organizations

9. TRADITIONAL SCIENCE
SYSTEM
Research
funding
Research
evaluation
Research assessment
Circulation and re-use of research
outputs to produce new outputs
Scientists create research outputs

10. OPEN SCIENCE SYSTEM
Financing Internal organization’s motivation
mechanisms for scientists
Research evaluation
N
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
Self evaluation by
scientists and
organizations
Open Research Assessment:
public scientometrics (data on
motivations of re-use, etc.)
C
R
I
S
Open Re-Use: research outputs circulation,
scientists express scientific relationships
between used research objects, notifications
Open Access: scientists register in CRIS all research
artifacts that can be re-used by other scientists

11. TRADITIONAL VS.
OPEN SCIENCE
what
scientists do
Traditional
Science
Open Science
create &
deposit
articles
reusable
artifacts
re-use
research
outputs
awareness
about re-use
by citing
available
articles,
books, etc.
few data
about citations
and its
motivations
making
relationships
and collecting
data about
tries and fails
global
cooperation
weak
a strong form
immediate
based on
signals on by
notifications
whom/how the about re-use
artifacts were
and open
re-used
scientometrics

12. TRADITIONAL SCIENCE
Articles
artifacts
selection
Journals.
articles,
citations,
reference
lists
Scientists analyze
artifacts and mentally
make relationships
between them
reading
articles
Publishers
Open Science IT innovations
To register in a
To express many To get immediate
repository
types of research
notifications
smaller pieces of
relationships
about using your
research outputs
between
artifacts with
(artifacts) and
artifacts,
ability to react on
link them
including
it
semantically with
tries/fails data
other artifacts
and motivations
to use them
To collect
automatically
statistics,
process it and
update daily
scientometric
“portraits” of
scientists,
organizations

13. OPEN SCIENCE
TECHNOLOGY

14. CRIS-CERIF
PLATFORM
Current Research Information System (CRIS) – a model to
build a complex and interoperable research information
system at national and organizational levels
Common European Research Information Format (CERIF) – a
research data model to design CRIS and interoperability
services
euroCRIS, www.eurocris.org – a professional association
supporting CRIS-CERIF development
 CEMI RAS is a member of euroCRIS

15. CERIF
Source: http://www.eurocris.org/Index.php?page=CERIFreleases&t=1

16. SOCIONET.RU CRIS
DRIVEN BY SCIENTIFIC
COMMUNITY
• Harvested from
RePEc, IR, RIS,
CRIS and
Socionet
Personal Zone
• Harvested from
RePEc, CitEc
and Socionet
Personal Zone
Research
objects
≈ 2m
Monitoring,
notification
• Tracing all
changes and
sending
notifications
Semantic
linkages
≈ 6m
Statistics,
indicators
• Collecting stats
data and
building
scientometrics

17. INFORMATION OBJECTS
AT SOCIONET
Organization
Total
number of
linkages
(ingoing,
outgoing),
statistics,
other
properties
of related
objects
Authors
Aggregated number of
linkages (ingoing,
outgoing)
Aggregated statistics
(downloads, views)
Research outputs
citations /
references
downloads /
views

18. OPEN ACCESS BY
SOCIONET
Starting in 2000 Socionet provides for individual
researchers and organizations many different tools:
• To deposit single materials of all traditional types:
personal-organizational profiles, papers, articles,
chapters, books, etc.
• To register new types of research outputs: citations,
research artifacts (nano-publications)
• To make semantic linkages between objects for
expressing research relationships between them
• To manage collections of materials, incl. in a form of
institutional repositories (IR)
• To provide all collected metadata for its harvesting by
OAI-PMH protocol in CERIF format, and many other.

19. RUSSIAN OPEN ACCESS
REPOSITORIES AT ROAR

20. OPEN RE-USE:
A SOCIONET APPROACH
Scientists use research outputs when they
mentally manipulate with it to discover
relationships and, if positive, thereby they re-use it
to produce a new scientific knowledge
Some of these relationships become visible in
scientists’ articles (e.g. by citations). Most of them
are directly not observable and may exist in a
mental form only
The Socionet provides tools to express explicitly
research relationships that allow a collecting of
statistics about scientists’ “tries and failures” and
about their motivations to re-use research outputs

21. OBVIOUS USE CASES:
{PERSON, ORGANIZATION,
OUTPUT, ETC.}
"person" 
"person“
("manager",
"supervisor",
"mentor", etc.)
Project
Person
Linkage:
a position
Output
"person" 
"organization“
("employee",
"head",
"member",
"director", etc.)
OrgUnit
"person" 
"research output /
project“
("author",
"editor",
"reviewer",
"translator", etc.)
"organization" 
"research output“
("intellectual
property rights
claim",
"publisher",
"organizational
author", etc.)

22. USE CASES OF A NEW
RESEARCH PRACTICE: {PERSON,
OUTPUT, ETC.}
Impact/usage
("contains assertion
from", "uses data
from", "uses method
from", "corrects",
"refutes")
Author
1
Output
1
Linkage:
Relationship 1
Author
2
Inference ("obtain
background from",
"updates", "used as
evidence",
"confirms",
"qualifies")
Output
2
Hierarchical and
associative
("broader",
"narrower", "related",
"alternative to")
Components of
scientific
composition
("duplicate",
"revised", etc)
Usage proposal (“can
improve”, “can
illustrate”, “can
replace”, etc)

23. CHALLENGES: A NEW
RESEARCH PRACTICE
When authors register their RO as ready for
use research artifacts they have to
• specify which RO they used as roots/basements, etc.
for their outputs (backward links, e.g. citations)
• specify materials/scientist where/by whom the output
could be used/reviewed (forward links to possible users)
Any researcher can express relationships (by
semantic linkages) between any available RO
Authors of linked materials receive a
notification about created links, and
• they can protest on or confirm with how the materials
were used
• they can use suggested artifacts and link it with their
materials, or can review it, or can ignore it

24. CHALLENGES: A NEW
RESEARCH COMMUNICATION
• receive immediate signals
about which created RO,
how and by whom were
used
• request on using or
reviewing own RO by
linking it with other RO or
scientists’ profiles
• protest against usage
characteristics and/or
provide comments on it, or
do nothing
• ban requests from some
authors, or specify
personal reviewing rate, or
rewrite own artifacts by
using/citing suggested
artifacts
A cooperation between researchers becomes stronger
with better and faster coordination of individual activities

25. OPEN RESEARCH ASSESSMENT:
A SOCIONET APPROACH
The Socionet system in everyday mode traces changes
in research objects and linkages, collects statistics and
produces scientometric data
We provide an open access to basic research
assessment data that improves the Science system
mechanisms (competition, reputation, selection,
cooperation, etc.)
It opens better conditions for self evaluation among
scientists and organizations
Organizations can use it to improve internal
motivations and stimulations for its researchers

26. EXTENDED RESEARCH ASSESSMENT
DATA
Automatic daily gathering
and updating of scientometric
“portraits” of a scientist, a
department and an
organization
Quantitative indicators
• Numbers of created/used artifacts
and relationships
Qualitative indicators
• Statistical distributions (how
scientists, laboratory, organization
used research artifacts and how
the community used their research
outputs)

27. NEW TOPICS FOR RESEARCH
ASSESSMENT
Scientific inference
metrics (obtain
background from,
updates, used as
evidence, confirms,
qualifies)
Research usage
metrics (contains
assertion from,
uses data from,
uses method from,
corrects, refutes)
Hierarchical and
associative metrics
(broader, narrower,
related, alternative
to)
Professional
opinion metrics
(responds
negatively to,
responds positively
to, responds
neutrally to)
Researcher’s
portrait by
outgoing
linkages
Which RO a
researcher
used as a
basement for
own RO
What RO a
researcher
used to
produce own
RO
How a
researcher
impacts on
science
corpus
What RO a
researcher
evaluated and
how
Researcher’s
portrait by
ingoing
linkages
Who/where/
how used
researcher’s
RO as a
basement
Who/where/
how used
researcher’s
RO to
produce RO
How
researcher’s
RO are
assigned with
science
corpus
What/whom
researcher’s
RO are
evaluated and
how
Metrics
Researcher

28. CONCLUSION: OPEN SCIENCE
FOR RESEARCHERS
A research output gets a network form,
researchers can work in incremental style
A researcher works within strong professional
cooperation network
A public statistical portrait of a research output, a
researcher, an organization becomes availabe
• views/downloads data
• ingoing/outgoing linkages
• a distribution of qualitative characteristics assigned
with linkages
Researchers become more public figures

29. CONCLUSION: OPEN SCIENCE
BUSINESS MODEL
Our model of the Open Science activity is
based on:
1.open access to research outputs/artifacts, and we
propose a way to overcome defects of commercial
publishers and journals
2.open access to research outputs/artifacts usage data,
and we provide a way how to make visual such data
and collect it in a computer-readable form
3.open access to basic research assessment data, and
we enforce the Science system mechanisms
Three types of openness create Open Science
as a new research practice based on new
scientific communications

30. RELEVANT AUTHOR’S ARTICLES
Parinov S., Kogalovsky M. Semantic Linkages in Research Information Systems
as a New Data Source for Scientometric Studies //Scientometrics. Springer Online
First, 2013. DOI 10.1007/s11192-013-1108-3,
http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h=repec:rus:mqijxk:31&l=en
Parinov S. Open Repository of Semantic Linkages. In: Proceedings of 11th
International Conference on Current Research Information Systems e-Infrastructure
for Research and Innovations (CRIS 2012), Prague, 2012.
http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h=repec:rus:mqijxk:29&l=en
Parinov S. Towards a Semantic Segment of a Research e-Infrastructure:
necessary information objects, tools and services. Metadata and Semantics
Research, Communications in Computer and Information Science. J. M. Dodero, M.
Palomo-Duarte, P. Karampiperis, Eds. Springer, vol. 343, 2012, pp. 133-145.
http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h= RePEc:rus:mqijxk:30&l=en
Parinov S. The electronic library: using technology to measure and support
Open Science. In: Proceedings of the World Library and Information Congress: 76th
IFLA General Conference and Assembly, Gothenburg, Sweden, August 10-15, 2010.
http://www.ifla.org/files/hq/papers/ifla76/155-parinov-en.pdf
Parinov S. CRIS driven by research community: benefits and perspectives. In:
Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Current Research Information
Systems. (2–5th June, pp. 119–130). Aalborg University, Denmark. 2010.
http://socionet.ru/pub.xml?h=repec:rus:mqijxk:23&l=en