1. Origin and Roots of Coaching
…the secret history
Vikki Brock Ph.D., MCC, EMBA
Master Coach pela International Coach Federation - ICF

2. Origin and Roots of Coaching
…the secret history
Dr. Vikki G. Brock
Master Certified Coach
2nd Brazilian Coaching Congress
November 14, 2013

3. Agenda
What do you know about the history
of coaching?
How and when did modern coaching
emerge?
What role did South American
coaches play?
3

4. What do you know about the history
of coaching?
. . . What do you
want to know?

5. Origin of The Word “COACH”
Ancient Olympics in Greece
Socrates
1500s – Carriage
1840s – Oxford University tutor
1880s – Sports coach

6. Historical Observation #1
Coaching sprang from
several independent
sources and spread
through relationships

7. How many influencers in coaching
can you name
Non-Coaches
Coaches

8. EDUCATION
Malcolm
Knowles
BUSINESS
Influencers – Other Disciplines
PHILOSOPHY
Fernando
Flores
Siddharth
a
Gautama
Martin
Heidegger
Peter
Drucker
MOTIVATION
Socrates
Napoleon
Hill
Dale
Carnegie
Edgar
Schein
Wayne
Dyer
Ken
Blanchard
Confucius
Lao
Tzu
Brian
Tracy
Earl
Nightingale
Peter
Block
Zig
Zigler
Werner
Erhard
SPORTS
John
Wooden
Red
Auerbach
Daniel
Goleman
Don
Shula
Stephen
Covey
Tom
Peters
Peter
Senge
Ken
Wilber

9. Influencers – Psychology
PSYCHODYNAMI
C PSYCHOLOGY
Carl
Jung
CLINICAL
PSYCHOLOGY
HUMANISTIC
PSYCHOLOGY
Milton
Erickson
Abraham
Maslow
Fritz
Perls
Carl
Rogers
Virginia
Satir
SOCIAL
PSYCHOLOGY
Kurt
Lewin
Alfred
Adler
NLP
COGNITIVE
PSYCHOLOGY
Albert
Ellis
ORGANIZATION
PSYCHOLOGY
David
Cooperrider
Chris
Argyris
Richard
Bandler
Robert
Dilts
POSITIVE
PSYCHOLOGY
Mihaly
Csikezentmihalyi
Martin
Seligman

10. Movements and Organizations
Large Group
Awareness
Training (LGAT)
1970s-1980s
Motivational
Speakers
1930s-1960s
USA
National Training
Laboratories (NTL)
1947 USA
Tavistock
1946 (1921)
UK
Esalen
1962
USA
Organization
Development
1950s
Humanistic
Psychology
1960s
Findhorn
1962
UK
Transpersonal
Psychology
1970s

11. English Speaking Influencers from
Psychology and Education
AUSTRALIA
Michael
Cavanagh
Jeff
Auerbach
CANADA
Anthony
Grant
Rey
Carr
Patrick
Williams
Linda
Page
Richard
Kilberg
UNITED STATES
David
Peterson
Randall
White
David
Lane
Stephen
Palmer
UNITED KINGDOM
Pauline
Willis
David
Clutterbuck
David
Megginson
Robert
Witherspoon
Frederic
Hudson/
Pam
McLean

12. Landmark
Education
Transformational
Technologies
Werner Erhard
Owner
Founded 1984
Werner Erhard &
Associates (WEA)
Founded 1981
Jim
Selman
Initial
CEO
Richard StrozziHeckler
1972
1990s
Programs for
Corporations
est, An Educational
Corporation
Jinny
Ditzler
1982
Fernando
Flores
1982
1975
Erhard Seminars
Training (est)
1980s
Founded 1971
1977
Graham
Alexander
1974
Sir John
Whitmore
Timothy
Gallwey
Thomas
Leonard
Laura
Whitworth
Programs for Individuals
Peter
Senge
Warren
Bennis
Ken
Blanchard
Robert
Hargrove
Jay
Perry
Julio
Olalla
1990
Newfield Network
Werner
Erhard
Founded 1975
Rafael
Echevarria
Henry
KimseyHouse
James
Flaherty
1985
New Ventures West

13. Latin America Coaching Influencers
Sonia
Sinesterra
Columbia
2003
Jim
Selman
Argentina
1998
1990
1995
Julio Olalla
Mexico,
Chile 1990
2000
José Roberto
Marques
Brazil 2007
Rosa
Krausz
Brazil 2003
2005
Tim
Gallwey
Brazil 2011
2010

14. Latin America MCCs
Maria
Patricia
Afanador
lena
Graciela
Espinal
Panama
Julio
Olalla
Adriana
Eugenia
Vazquez
Mercedes
Jahn
Sonia
Sinesterra
(Live in
USA)
Chile
Mexico
Columbia
Damian
Goldvarg
(Live in
USA)
Eliana
Glasser
Dutra
Brazil
Lidia
Noemi
Muradep
Argentina

15. Historical Observation #2
Coaching has a broad
intellectual framework that
draws on the synergy,
cross-fertilization, and
practices of many disciplines

16. Disciplines and Socioeconomics
1800
1900
2000
Natural Sciences
Social Sciences
Business
Success Motivators
Human Potential
Personal Growth

17. 19th Century
21st Century
1945
BIOLOGY
1800
ANTHROPOLOGY
1843
SUCCESS MOTIVATORS
LINGUISTICS
1880s
1937-1960
12-STEP PROGRAM
1935
1960s
PSYCHOLOGY
NEW AGE MOVEMENT
1879
PHILOSOPHY
HUMAN POTENTIAL
MOVEMENT
1970s
ORGANIZATION
DEVELOPMENT
1930s-1950s
SOCIOLOGY
ADULT DEVELOPMENT*
EDUCATION
ADULT EDUCATION
1926
ECONOMICS
CONSULTING
1890s
Century
1960s
FACILITATION
LEADERSHIP
TRAINING
PERSONNEL FUNCTION
MENTORING
PERFORMING ARTS
SPORTS
1950s
ADULT LEARNING
1973
MANAGEMENT
Apprenticeships
1980s
1910s
1838
19th
CAREER DEV.
VOC. GUIDANCE
1900
1977
HUMAN RESOURCES
Mid-1980s

18. Historical Observation #3
Modern coaching patterns
Client
Situation
Coach
Context
and practices are
dynamic and contextual

19. Coaching defined
“Goal-directed, results-oriented, systematic process in
which one person facilitates sustained change in another
individual or group through fostering the self-directed
learning and personal growth of the coachee” (Grant, 2003)
encompassing attributes along a continuum.
Continuum Attributes*
Directive
Holistic
Short-term
Individual leads agenda
High personal content
High business content
Developmental
Facilitative (Non-directive)
Specific
Long-term
Others lead the agenda
Low personal content
Low business content
Remedial
Page 19
*adapted from CIPD Coaching and Buying Coaching Services Guide

20. Historical Observation #4
Coaching came into
existence to fill an unmet
need in an interactive, fluid
world of rapid change and
complexity

21. Socioeconomic periods
1900
1950
2000
Modern Period
•
•
•
•
•
Evidence, logic, rationality
Industrial revolution
Separation of work & family
Shift isolated to integrated
Control, order, certainty
Postmodern Period
• Service society
• Reintegration of
•
•
•
family & work
Resistance to
sacrifice for progress
Rapid technology
change
Migration and
globalization

22. Emergence of coaching
1930s - 50s
1960s - 70s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
Counseling Executives
Sales Coaching
Leadership Programs
Assessment Centers
Inner Game
Coaching Services
Training + Associations
Coaching Culture
Academic Programs
Research & Evidence

23. Geographical Commercialization
Earliest Coaching Program or Company
United Kingdom
United States
German speaking
South and Central America
France
Hong Kong - China
Japan
Australia
Singapore
Nordic
Italy
Korea
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005

24. Emergence of Associations
IAPPC PPCA
United
States
PCMA NABC
ACTO
(Canada)
1999
ICF
IAC
United
Kingdom
Other
1994
1995
1996
1997
ICCO GSAEC
WABC
JCA
BPSSGPC
APECS
EMCC
AC
EMCC
(Europe)
APSIGPC
CCA
(Japan)
1999 (Australia)

2002
(China)
2003
2004
2005

25. Historical Observation #5
Coaching came into being
in an open, integral social
network from a perspective
of diversity and inclusion
Conceptual Model…

26. Diffusion of Innovation Curve
Tipping Point

29. Remember…
Coaching rests on the shoulders of
multiple disciplines...
. . . and came into being to fill an
unmet need in the world.

30. See you tomorrow for
“Advanced Executive Coaching”
Thank You
You can connect with me at:
coach@vikkibrock.com