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Coyote Presentation
- 1. Coyote Management in Urban Areas Madeline Burchard UC Berkeley Division of Organism and the Environment
- 6. What do urban coyotes eat? Source: Morey, et al (2007). Quinn (1997). Puget Sound (residential) Chicago (mixed) Food Item 1.3 1.9 17.7 22.7 22.0 41.8 13.1 Domestic Cat 5.9 Human-Associated Food N/A Eastern Cottontail 43.6 Fruit N/A White-tailed deer 22.6 Small rodents
- 9. Source: Department of Fish and Game
- 10. Source: Animal Protection Institute
- 20. Questions?
- 29. Reactionary Response Model of Management Coyote Seen Informal announcement to Residents about sightings Coyote “Incident” Send out fliers and reminder information about living with coyotes Aggressive Coyote Behavior Recruit DFG and FWS to remove coyote.
- 31. Coexistence
- 32. Refuge Approach
- 34. Anthropocentric
- 36. Thanks!
Notas do Editor
- Background: View of Golden Gate Bridge, Presidio, SF and Oakland. Presidio is 1480 acres and makes up 5% of SF’s total land area. In contrast, the Presidio is 1.75 times the size of Central park in NY. Central park is 0.4% of NY’s land mass.
- Natural History: reproductive behavior, habitat needs, Social behavior, diet, etc. Issues: controversy surrounding coyote attacks on people and pets, players Case Studies: GGRA (Presidio, Golden Gate Park) and Marin County. They all seem to be connected by corridors and they all seem to share the same gene pool and possibly population of coyotes. Mgmt options: Ways city officals and managers can go about managing people/coyotes to reduce conflict. Recommendation
- Canis is latin for dog and latrans in latin for barking. Hence coyotes are “barking dogs”. Coyote comes from aztec word “coyotl” also meanin barking dog. Other names: brush wolf, american jackal, lobo, prairie wolf, steppen-wolf Life expectancy: Around 13-5 years. Size/weight:
- Can interbreed with wolves and domestic dogs. This causes controversy with some rare canid species such as red wolves because this can be detrimental to conserving a certain gene pool. Length:Width - Coyotes (3:1). Dog (less than 2.7:1). 95% reliable.
- “ Omnivorous” - 90% of diet consists of small mammals and carrion. Also eat frogs, snakes, berries, nuts, etc. “ Mousers” - Have the ability to feed on rodents such as woodchucks, rats, and rabbits.
- The diet of urban coyotes depends on what is available around them. Numbers in graph are percentage of composition of scat. This data was taken from a study on coyote diet in the Chicago Metropolitan area. Study used scat from two public forest preserves, city parks, private land
- Social organization of the coyote is just as varied as its eating habits. The type of organization is dependent on the environment. Packs include alpha breeding pair. Alpha pair are the primary individuals involved in hunting large ungulates. In one case, only the alpha pair of a pack of 7 was involved in bringing a large ungulate. Solitary individuals usually eat smaller mammals.
- Litter size is affected by population density and food availability. Birth weight = 0.5 lbs About 6 inches long. Emerge from den at 3 weeks. Helpers (usually siblings from previous generations) help with rearing. Reach adult weight at 9 months.
- Common to abundant in nearly all of North and Central America. Total population composed of several different regional subspecies.
- Dark: Range pre-1850 Light: Current Range The dramatic expansion in range has been attributed to the absence of competiting predators such as wolves and the introduction and transportation of individuals for game hunting.
- Difficult to find detailed information about coyote hunting. MHRB had some confusing language, this is my interpretation
- Main case study is the Presidio of San Francisco. Decided on it after reading the sfgate article that I handed out on Tuesday. It’s location was very convenient for me since it was close. My main contact there was very informative and responsive. 1491 acre National Park, part of Golen Gate Recreation Area. Used as a military post from 1776 to 1994 (spanning Spanish, Mexican, and US occupation). Ohlone occupied it before europeans arrived. 1972 added to GGNRA. 1994, transferred to NPS after it became excess to US military. 1996, Congress created the Presidio Trust
- Quotes from “Mission and History” page of Presidio Trust website. Note: I added my own emphasis to the second quote.
- Most board members are former/current CEOs.
- There has been a push for the Presidio to bring in more revenue since federal funding decreased. The Presidio has the goal of becoming financially self sufficient by 2013. The original trust act said that the Presidio would receive appropiations as long as they were necessary to eventually become financially self sufficient. NPS has authority over Crissy Field and coastal bluff
- Other sources of revenue besides residential leasing. As I mentioned before, the Presidio has to find a way to become self sufficient. One option they are pursuing according to their strategic plan is to expand leasing opportunities.
- 382,000 sq ft at Main Post. 90,000 sq ft at West Crissy Field.
- Camera traps were active at night and showed coyote activity. Carrying capacity of coyotes in Presidio based on data from Santa Monica and Tucson coyotes
- Open squares are camera traps.
- “ Coyote incident” - When a coyote gets too close for comfort. Wiffle bat incident - Home owner had to hit coyote with wiffle bat.
- “ Coyote incident” - When a coyote gets too close for comfort. Wiffle bat incident - Home owner had to hit coyote with wiffle bat.
- “ Coyote incident” - When a coyote gets too close for comfort. Wiffle bat incident - Home owner had to hit coyote with wiffle bat.
- Presidio Trust has taken on the policy of coexistence. They want to maintain the native fauna of the region, as is stated in the mission statement, while protecting residents and ensuring business. Trash mgmt - Don’t leave pet food and trash out. Wildlife proof trash cans. Leash laws - NPS wanted to do stricter enforcement on leash laws, currently being sued, so enforcement are not giving out tickets until case is settled. Indoor cat policy - Important for bird depredation and preventing cat fatalities. Keep coyotes fearful - make noise, harmlessly harass.
- Coyote incident - Coyote little too close for comfort such as coyote following someone down a trail. Although NPS has wildlife protection as a goal, public safety is an override.
- Presidio Trust has taken on the policy of coexistence. They want to maintain the native fauna of the region, as is stated in the mission statement, while protecting residents and ensuring business. Trash mgmt - Don’t leave pet food and trash out. Wildlife proof trash cans. Leash laws - NPS wanted to do stricter enforcement on leash laws, currently being sued, so enforcement are not giving out tickets until case is settled. Indoor cat policy - Important for bird depredation and preventing cat fatalities. Keep coyotes fearful - make noise, harmlessly harass.
- Main priority is increasing coyote population. Coyote priorities are above all other priorities especially those of dog owners.