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Judith
O documento discute a estratégia de desenvolvimento sustentável do Parque Olímpico de Londres 2012, que inclui metas de desempenho relacionadas a carbono, água, lixo, materiais, biodiversidade e outras áreas. A estratégia levou a conquistas como a reutilização de 98,5% dos materiais de demolição e o uso de 100% de madeira certificada. O documento também fornece recomendações sobre o cálculo e mitigação da pegada de carbono para a Copa do Mundo de 2014 no Brasil.
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Judith
- 1. Parque Olímpico deLondres 2012 Sustentabilidade Judith Sykes Director
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- 6. Área de privaçãosocial
- 7. Área de privaçãosocial
- 8. Construindo uma partenova da cidade
- 12. Investimento no legado Olympic and Paralympics Prepara Games tion Legac y 200 One Hundred 210 5 Years 5
- 13. Parque Olímpico Estratégia deDesenvolvimento Sustentável Olympic Park Sustainable Development Strategy
- 14. Uma estratégia commetas de desempenho • Carbono • Água • Lixo • Materiais • Biodiversidade • Impacto Ambiental • Comunidade • Transporte e mobilidade • Acessibilidade • Empregos e negócios • Saúde e Bem- estar • Inclusão
- 15. Gerando expectativas atravésdo projeto – Política e compromissos – Estratégias & Metas – Definindo o modelo de negócios – Melhores Práticas & Análise Comparativa – Contratos
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- 18. Conquistas no campoda Sustentabilidade Sustainability Achievements
- 19. 98.5% do materialde demolição reutilizado, reciclado ou recuperado 99% do material de construção reutilizado, reciclado ou recuperado
- 20. 42% menos emissõesde carbono com concreto
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- 22. 67% dos materiaisentregues através de ferrovias ou hidrovias
- 23. Melhoria da redede transporte público
- 24. Criaçao de passeiospúblicos e ciclovias
- 25. 60% de reduçãode consumo de água
- 26. 58% de reduçãode emissões de carbono Green Increasing cost Lean Mean Greatest energy savings
- 27. Reutilização das Hidrovias Construçãode medidas de contenção de enchentes
- 28. Alta qualidade, parquerico em biodiversidade
- 30. Depois dos Jogos Olímpicos…
- 31. 5 Novos Bairros 11,000novas moradias
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- 35. Instalações desportivas ede lazer
- 36. Espaços abertos eHidrovias com vida
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- 38. Ciclovias e viasde pedestres
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- 42. Recomendação sobre Pegada de Carbono e Mitigação das Emissões para a Copa do Mundo de 2014 Carbon Footprint and Mitigation advice to the 2014 World Cup
- 44. Londres 2012 –- Total “pegada” de referência por componentes Total footprint: 3.4 MtCO2e Construção dos Parques e Espaços Espectadores Operações Infra-estrutura de transporte
- 45. 90% da pegadada construção é a partir de 3 materiais: Concreto Estruturas de Vergalhão Aço (Malha de ferro)
- 46. Londres 2012 -Estratégia de gestão de carbono
- 47. Ministério Embaixada do Meio Britânica Ambiente (financiamento) (beneficiário) Useful Simple Projects (realização)
- 48. Fase 1 –Seminários de capacitação sobre Pegada de Carbono 9 cidades visitadas com mais de 350 atores envolvidos
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- 50. Fase 2 –Copa do Mundo em Belo Horizont Pegada de Carbono
- 51. Fase 2 –Plano de Mitigação de emissões de Carbono 1. Belo Horizonte Mitigação e Compensação das 2. Fortaleza de GEE e de GEE de GEE Emissões 3. Curitiba
- 52. Fase 2 –Disseminando conhecimento para todas as cidades-sede
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- 56. Londres 2102 Estudo daPegada de Carbono London 2012 Carbon Footprint Study
- 57. Grandes eventos têmsignificativas pegadas de carbono Major events have a significant carbon footprint • Construção • Viagens Internacionais • Operação • Estadia • Mercadorias/Alimentos • Resíduo
- 58. Contexto: abordagens diferentesadotadas em eventos anteriores Context: different approaches adopted by previous events
- 59. 12 Princípios deContabilidade 1. Estar de acordo com o Protocolo GHG e o ISO 14064-1. 2. Considerar para todos os gases causadores do efeito estufa. 3. Estabelecer limites para o estudo das “pegadas” de carbono 4. Estabelecer um método estruturado para a atribuição de responsabilidade pelas emissões. 5. Estabelecer o cenário de referência. 6. Contabilizar as emissões quando elas ocorrem. 7. Dados são de alta qualidade, confiáveis e de grande relevância para o Brasil. 8. Documentar premissas e níveis de incerteza 9. Identificar as controvérsias na contagem de carbono desde o início 10. Definir orçamentos de carbono para projetos da Copa do Mundo ajudando a reduzir o uso de carbono. 11. Documentar claramente medidas pra reduzir e compensar as emissões 12. Fazer relatórios regulares sobre a “pegada” de carbono.
Notas do Editor
- #2 Thank you, so I am a Director at Useful Simple Projects we are a niche consultancy specialising in practical solutions to sustainability. And our experience has been built through the delivery of complex projects like the London Olympics where we led the delivery and implementation of the sustainability strategy and are now working in Brazil to share lessons learnt in the context of the World Cup and Rio 2016. I am going to talk today about what we did in London, and about how we are working with Rio and the World Cup Host cities. So this is quite a recent aerial picture of the park. Its no longer a construction site and for the past year, athletes have been able to practice in the venues because they were all completed and handed over the Olympic Organising committee in August last year. And its amazing to see the transformation of this part of london. At the time its is the biggest construction project in the Ukm built under some very challenging conditions with a very fixed end point.
- #3 So how did we go about it. Well this is the starting point 7 years ago in July 2005 The Starting Point = O Ponto de Partida Julho 2005 Behind the euphoria considerable planning had already gone into the 2012 plans and planning permission already secured for the Olympic Park site.
- #4 In developing the Olympic Bid, we drew on the experience of past Olympic events. Barecelona was a poor city and used the games to sucessfuly regenerate the city and created a new image for Barcelona Atlanta was the first privately funded games, driven by commerce. Sydney focussed on the environemental performance but not the legacy opportunities. Beijing was a story of cementing its econmoic postion. But the stadium has only been used twice since the Olympics in 2008. Athens told us ‘don’t do what we did’ …don’t plan for the games plan for the legacy. And so in London, we made a decision to focus on Legacy. No white elephant stadiums. No sustainable elephants – no elephants at all! We wanted to host a fantastic Olympic event but more importantly leave a legacy for londoners.
- #5 Site context The Olympic park sits on the River Lea river system. It is a green corridor that runs from the outskirts of greater London before joining the river Thames. The Olympic Park will be part of the newly formed Lea Valley Regional Park, the largest urban park to be established in Europe in over 150 years.
- #6 Contaminated, neglected site = Contaminado, local negligenciado The water ways and the ground were really contaminated.
- #7 Unique and challenging project scale of project against a fixed timetable unprecedented in this country Multi stakeholder environment Unparalleled levels of scrutiny Opportunity to address levels of urban decay and social and economic deprivation
- #8 Located in an area that has a high concentration of relative poverty and deprivation. Fuel poverty is an issue. The host borough area covers Greenwich, Hackney, Newham, Tower Hamlets, and Waltham Forest and its 1.25 million residents are less likely to do well at school, get a good job or earn a living wage than residents in any other area of London or the UK. Figure :2007 Index of Multiple Deprivation Map of London
- #9 SO we had this amazing opportunity to rebuild a significant piece of the of city … .but how to do this in a way that would benefit local communities and London in the long term.
- #10 Also within the BID we had made very strong commitment to sustainability….which we now had to ensure we would deliver. The London 2012 Bid Team worked with Bioregional & WWF to develop the concept of a One Planet Olympics to meet the aspirations of the Olympic Movement ’ s Agenda 21 (Sport for Sustainable Development) – this set out to achieve the first sustainable Olympic & Paralympic Games in alignment with the 10 One Planet Living principles.
- #11 Normally balance cost and value…
- #12 But when you ’ re delivering a project with strong sustainability ambitions, you have to balance all these other objectives. We had challenges, solutions and lessons learnt from all of these themes. Today I ’ m going to just focus on the ones that are most relevant to this panel discussion, and to the World Cup given your current situation.
- #13 Investing for Legacy
- #14 Parque Olímpico Estratégia de Desenvolvimento Sustentável And so we worked with WWF to develop a sustainability strategy based on the One Planet Living Principles
- #15 And this is the out put, a comprehensive strategy with clear performance targets across a number of sustainability themes. We decided to focus on 12 thematic areas …6 environmental and 6 socio economic. For each of these areas, we undertook feasibility studies to work out what was feasible and then used this information to set ambitous targets for the project. We were the first Olympics to take a holistic view of Sustainable Development… But writing a strategy is not enough, just because you have written it down, does not mean it will happen.
- #16 And so we put in other structures to ensure that bid commitments were driven through the project into construction and legacy. We clearly communicated the policies and commitments and developed detailed strategies captured in implentation plans. We ensured that for each strategy the business case was established and risks identified and mitigated. We embedded the requirements into contracts for design, for contractors and the supply chain. We held workshops with the supply chain to understand what could be achieved and what was available on the market. We set up robust monitoring and assurance systems. So we would regulalrly meet with project teams and recrd whehter they were on track for meeting the sustainability targets, if not this was elevated to the project as a risk, treated serously and alongside econmic and saftey performance. And this followed all the way into construction. And this is how we got from a written document to achiving sustainability on the ground. Policy and commitments Strategies & Targets Defining the business case Best practice & benchmarking Contracts Risk and innovation Assurance Reward culture Communication Driving aspirations through the project
- #17 Engagement with designers
- #19 Conquistas no campo da Sustentabilidade
- #20 98.5% demolition material reused, recycled or recovered 99% of construction material reused, recycled or recovered Businesses relocated 240 buildings demolished Site remediated
- #21 42% less carbon emissions in concrete Client demand and leadership Sending a clear message as a client Sustainable Development Strategies were communicated widely and early. Environment and culture that supported innovation Collaboration between designers, project managers, contractors and product suppliers. Case study - Concrete – low environmental impact Supplier: London Concrete (part of Aggregate Industries). The ODA had set targets for products at a far higher level than had previously been set. London Concrete, the winner to supply ready-mix concrete to the Park invested significant time and resources in developing the innovative solutions to align the supply of concrete with the ODA’s sustainability targets. They were able to: The products were designed to have a Lower embodied impact They offered a range of secondary and recycled aggregates. A logistics and internal sourcing strategy was developed to ensure the majority of raw materials could be transported by rail. Aggregate Industries sought certification for responsible sourcing – was the first company in the world to achieve the BES6001 Responsible Sourcing Standard, in March 2009. Supply all of the ready-mix concrete to the Olympic Park Sustainable concrete – saved Carbon equivalent of 3 years legacy Park operation
- #22 100% certified timber
- #23 67% materials delivered by rail or water Investment in constructing rail heads to serve the Olympic Park. Transport of goods into the park by rail and water. We also wanted to reduce the impact of lorries and HGVs on the streets of east london. Majority of deliveries were by rail. Some deliveries by barge. Target: 50% Actual: 57% 10,000 workforce (at peak) all used public transport, or walked or cycled. This adds up over the 5 year construction programme.
- #24 Improved public transport links London is well served by an extensive transport system, and indeed Londons ecomnoic success is due in large part to the legacy of the victorian rail system and the metro. But it is a system under stress and in particulcular there is a lack of connectivity with east london. Over £17bn has been invested in improving transport links in London in time for 2012. Some of this may of occurred anyway but certainly the Olympics has been a ctalyst for improving the whole network. The DLR line was extended and a new station added. The Javeline line was introduced to provide a 7 minute connection from Kings X to Stratford. £100 million investment to improve stratford station Additional bus links have been provided and innovations in bus technology and feul use,
- #25 Major walking routes and entrances to park in games mode. Encourages healthy lifestyles. 6 new cycle routes were introduced following 30km of new cycle lanes. As much as possible these lanes are located along quiet stretches of canal to make it attractive to cyclists.
- #26 60% reduction in water consumption Design our buildings to need less water – has environmental and financial benefits. Treat the sewage from North London communities and supply non-potable water to Olympic park venues for toilet flushing and irrigation. We also had rainwater harvesting systems on the Velodrome and Handball arena. We reduced it by 57% compared to a 2006 baseline. Water efficient fittings also results in lower water bills in legacy operation.
- #27 58% reduction in carbon emissions
- #28 Waterways now back in use Flood defence measures put in place £26M investment to prevent combined sewer overflow waters coming up on tide….and to allow 300T boats to navigate…with fish pass. Waterways: A hidden gem Improvement work to over 3 km of waterways complete Materials transported to the site, and waste transported out Provides platform for future legacy development Leisure activity
- #29 High quality, biodiverse Park London wants to keep its abundance of green spaces. Will be largest urban park in Europe for 150 years. Strong plans for improving biodiversity of the site. Getting children and communities involved in planting. Provides recreational use: a place to play, exercise or rest. Green spaces reduce the urban heat island . Green spaces can also reduce noise pollution.
- #30 Sustainable drainage, flood mitigation, biodiversity = Drenagem sustentável, mitigação das inundações, biodiversidade And you can already see how this is taking shape…we retreated the edges of the river banks to make space for flood storage, this takes a 1000 homes out of the flood plain. Working with rather than against the natural drainage routes. You can see the swales are being planted up and the park is turning green
- #31 After the Olympics
- #32 5 new neighbourhoods, Up to 11,000 homes Five new neighbourhoods with much-needed family homes will be established around the Park, each with its own distinct character . The plans include developing modern versions of London's traditional Georgian and Victorian squares and terraces, as well as 21st century inspired riverside properties. The Park will draw on London's long history of 'villages', quality public spaces, facilities and urban living - learning from the best of the past to build successful communities for the future. The park will create a family-focused environment and will see up to 11,000 new homes (including flats being built within the Olympic Village), developed over the next 25 years. 35% of the housing will be affordable and 90% of the new homes will be built to meet the ‘lifetime homes’ standard of accommodation, to be easily adaptable for older and disabled people. 10% of these will be wheelchair accessible.
- #33 The Olympic Village….will become homes in legacy…connected to the heating and cooling network so that they use 70% less carbon than an equivalent house in 2006…connected the non potable water network…will achieve code for sustainable homes 4. And these are all built to a very high quality…built to last More importantly though this will become a community….Imagine what it would be like to liver there …next to a new park with great sporting amentiy value, with new schools, new industry and places for work, restaurants and shops, all of which you can walk to cycle to. If I want to go and see a show in london I can get on the new connection into central london….
- #34 The establishment of accessible and inclusive facilities within the area to support the growing communities, including new schools, nurseries, health centers, and faith and community spaces that will also improve local employment opportunities. Schools Nurseries Health Centres Faith and community spaces Local shops
- #35 A fantastic new park – the biggest in Europe for 150 years. Talk about how its role in the urban fabric. After the Games, the VeloPark will become a cycling hub for the community A new mountain bike course New road-cycle circuit, connected to London ’ s cycle routes Facility for school children, the local community, sports clubs and elite athletes Café, concession areas and toilets Dedicated bike workshop, secure bike storage, bike hire facilities and bike retail space Multi-purpose rooms for meetings, seminars, conference facilities Offices
- #36 High quality parklands, play areas and waterways that encourage outdoor activity and healthy lifestyles. Cyclists will be able to use the Velodrome, outdoor road circuits and off-road trails at the Velopark. The Stadium, Aquatics, Tennis and Hockey Centre will also be open for people to keep fit and watch events. These venues will be managed by the Lea Valley Regional Park Authority.
- #37 Open space and vibrant waterways The restored canals and rivers will help bring the landscape back to life, whilst also creating inspiring places to work and play – right on the water.
- #38 The establishment of accessible and inclusive facilities within the area to support the growing communities, including new schools, nurseries, health centers, and faith and community spaces that will also improve local employment opportunities.
- #39 Residents and visitors will be encouraged to cycle and walk, using the bike routes and pathways that cover the entire Park. 35 km of new cycleways and footpaths
- #40 Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park will be one of the best-connected destinations in London. Nine rail lines will serve the Park, including connections to mainland Europe as well as the planned Crossrail stop at Stratford Regional Station, from 2017.
- #41 This project is about passing the baton of knowledge from London 2012 to the 2014 World Cup, and transfering our knowledge about carbon footprinting for major events.
- #42 On the back of our London 2012 experience, we have been doing work with the 2016 Olympics Host to host project, to transfer sustainability knowledge and expertise from London 2012 to Rio 2016. Expedition are on the team delivering the Rio 2016 masterplan, focusing on the water masterplanning and also general sustainability aspects.
- #43 Recomendação sobre Pegada de Carbono e Mitigação das Emissões para a Copa do Mundo de 2014
- #45 The London 2012 reference footprint is estimated to be 3.4 MtCO2e. To put this into context, this represents approximately 0.5% of annual UK emissions. There were 215 individual components, but they have been split into four broad categories, as shown in the graph: venues, spectators, operations and transport infrastructure. You’ll see that this footprint looks different to the other ones you’ve seen. Spectators (which includes spectator travel) is a much lower proportion than the others. Initially we thought that the biggest impact would be from spectator travel. However we should remember that the footprint’s aren’t really comparable because there is no consistency between the scope and methodologies. Interestingly, the carbon footprint revealed that the biggest impact by far (50%) was from construction of the venues and Olympic Park. It is important to remember that 75% of the investment in the Park was for legacy. In part, the construction component of the carbon footprint is larger than might have been expected because the accounting process and cut-off date only includes a very small part of the facilities’ eventual operational energy use.
- #46 Most significant construction materials. Illustrating the need to reduce the amount of concrete and steel.
- #47 London 2012 committed to implementing a carbon management strategy based on: Avoid/eliminate (design out emissions at source) Reduce (increase resource efficiency in energy use, transport and work practices) Substitute/replace (measures to introduce renewables/lower carbon technologies both on site or through transport) Compensate (measures to deal with residual or unavoidable emissions) The reduction and substitution elements are mainly about driving efficiencies and utilising new, low/zero-carbon technologies wherever feasible and cost-effective . These elements are no different from any other organisational approach. However, London 2012 is setting new benchmarks in carbon reduction for large scale projects and regeneration projects. The uniqueness of the Olympic and Paralympic Games in terms of scale and reach does, however, offer opportunities for different approaches to compensate for unavoidable emissions. Instead of relying on conventional carbon offsetting schemes, the power of the Games to inspire change opens up a range of possible opportunities, such as community projects; behavioural change initiatives; market shaping through supply chain interventions and promotion of innovation and best practices; and knowledge transfer. However these are hard to measure. London 2012 has never stated the aim to be ‘carbon neutral’. We believe this is a potentially misleading term. The reason for this is because there are no fixed boundaries on a project of this scale; any claim of carbon neutrality would be arbitrary and unrealistic to prove.
- #48 We have got funding from the British Embassy for a project called “the carbon footprint of the Brazil world cup and beyond” This is to support the MMA and the working group on climate change. MMA are in the process of deciding whether to procure a consultant to calculate the carbon footprint of the World Cup. Useful Simple will be delivering the workshops and building capacity…
- #49 Phase 1: Carbon footprint capacity workshops Visited 9 cities, over 350 stakeholders engaged We visited 9 out of the 12 cities to run capacity building workshops, so that stakeholders understand the importance of carbon footprinting, what it entails, how previous major events have done it, and how it should be used to drive carbon reductions.
- #50 Phase 1: Guidance document
- #51 Phase 2: carbon footprint workshops in Belo Horizonte Footprint not just of stadium but of all projects associated with the World Cup – construction and event
- #52 Phase 2: Carbon Mitigation Plans
- #53 Phase 2: Disseminating learning to all host cities 12 stadiums, different cities, different types of construction (new, demolition + construction, adaptation/retrofit), different sizes, different funding mechanisms (private/pubic) and different stages of completeness.
- #54 Carbon is just one element of what sustainability. Its important that does not become the sole focus. Having said that it is a useful proxy, and through this project we have identified a number of mitigation strategies that will also contribute to the sustainable city. This process should be used to also think quite broadly what sustainability means in the long term for the world cup.
- #55 Carbon is just one element of what sustainability. Its important that does not become the sole focus. Having said that it is a useful proxy, and through this project we have identified a number of mitigation strategies that will also contribute to the sustainable city. Eg urban mobility projecs… … ivest in carbon fund
- #57 Londres 2102 Estudo da Pegada de Carbono
- #58 Grandes eventos têm significativas pegadas de carbono Big impacts from… Construction of venues and infrastructure International travel Venue operation Hotels Merchandise/food Waste
- #59 Contexto: abordagens diferentes adotadas em eventos anteriores Differences in scope and methodology. No standard approach to carbon footprint events. Had to build on what previous events had done and take it to the next level.
- #60 We developed our own accounting principles
- #61 “ At London, we developed a transparent approach to determining which emissions we will be able to directly control, those that will be shared and those we had no control. Ownership was based on whether we were responsible for the investment. Shared was where we part invested, for example some transport infrastructure. Associated was where we have an ability to influence, for example through our sponsors and partners. Out of scope was where we had no ability to influence, for example spectator visits to other london attractions.” Em Londres, desenvolvemos uma abordagem transparente para determinar quais emissoes seriamos capazes de controlar ( Owned ), quais poderiamos influenciar ( Shared ) e quais nao tinhamos nenhum controle ( Out of Scope ). Propriedade unica (Owned) acontecia quando eramos responsaveis pelo investimento. Propriedade compartilhada (Shared) quando representavamos apenas parte dos investidores, por exemplo em algumas infra-estruturas de transporte. Propriedade associada ( Associated ) acontecia quando tinhamos uma pequena influencia, por exemplo atraves de socios e patrocinadores nos investimentos. Fora de escopo ( Out of scope ) quando nao tinhamos qualquer influencia, por exemplo sobre visitas de espectadores a outras atratividades em Londres durante os Jogos Olimpicos.