Slides do minicurso de Ruby e Rails apresentado no Maré de Agilidade Swell Salvador e Fortaleza.

1. Mini Curso
Ruby e Rails 1

2. 2

3. Objetivo
3

4. Agenda
Ruby
Rails
JRuby
JRubyOnRails
GlassfishOnRails
JBossOnRails 4

5. Ruby é...
“Uma linguagem dinâmica, open source com
foco na simplicidade e na produtividade.Tem
uma sintaxe elegante de leitura natural e
fácil escrita.
http://www.ruby-lang.org/pt/ 5

6. Instalando Ruby
(Ubuntu)
$ sudo apt-get install ruby irb
Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto
Construindo árvore de dependências
Lendo estado da informação... Pronto
Os pacotes extra a seguir serão instalados:
irb1.8 libreadline-ruby1.8 libruby1.8 ruby1.8
Pacotes sugeridos:
rdoc1.8 ri1.8 ruby1.8-examples
Os NOVOS pacotes a seguir serão instalados:
irb irb1.8 libreadline-ruby1.8 libruby1.8 ruby ruby1.8
0 pacotes atualizados, 6 pacotes novos instalados,
(...)
Instalando irb (4.1) ...
Instalando ruby (4.1) ...
Processing triggers for libc6 ...
ldconfig deferred processing now taking
$
6

7. $ ruby -v
ruby 1.8.6 (2007-09-24 patchlevel 111) [i486-linux]
$ irb -v
irb 0.9.5(05/04/13)
Testando a instalação
7

8. Linguagem de Script
como python, perl e bash
$ ls
Code Library
Sentilla iLiberty+ Payloads
workspace
Desktop Music
Snapshots liferay
Documents Pictures
TryLock.txt pgadmin.log
$ echo "viva a bahia"
viva a bahia
$ i=$(date)
Em BASH, os comandos
$ echo $i podem ser executados no
interpretador (prompt) e o
Sat Mar 21 15:19:37 BRT 2009
resultado obtido
imediatametne...
$ 8

9. Linguagem de Script
.sh
$ cat teste.sh
ls ... ou os comandos podem
ser todos executados de
echo "viva a bahia" uma só vez (bash script)
i=$(date)
echo $i
$ bash teste.sh
Code Library
Sentilla iLiberty+ Payloads
teste.sh
Desktop Music
Snapshots liferay
Documents Pictures
TryLock.txt pgadmin.log
viva a bahia
Sat Mar 21 15:25:07 BRT 2009
9
$

10. Interpretador Ruby
irb
$ irb
irb(main):001:0> puts "viva a bahia"
viva a bahia
=> nil
irb(main):002:0> a = 9
=> 9 Assim como no BASH, os
comandos Ruby podem ser
irb(main):003:0> puts a executados no interpretador
(Ruby) e o resultado obtido
9 imediatametne...
=> nil
irb(main):004:0> Time.now
=> Sat Mar 21 15:33:49 -0300 2009
10

11. Interpretador Ruby
.rb
$ cat teste.rb
puts "viva a bahia"
a = 9
... ou os comandos podem
puts a ser todos executados de
puts Time.now uma só vez (script ruby)
$ ruby teste.rb
viva a bahia
9
Sat Mar 21 15:40:17 -0300 2009
11

12. Ruby é OO
12

13. POO
grafo de dependências
13

14. classes
objetos mensagens
14

15. Urso ze_colmeia:Urso
raça:String raça = Grizzly
cor:String cor = marrom
grunir() grunir()
hibernar() hibernar()
classe objeto
15

16. Ruby é OO
*tudo* é objeto
$ irb
irb(main):001:0> 1.class
=> Fixnum
irb(main):002:0> "bahia".class
=> String
irb(main):003:0> Time.class
=> Class
16

17. objetos têm métodos
(classes também podem ter)
irb(main):006:0> 1.class
=> Fixnum
irb(main):007:0> 1.methods
=> ["%", "odd?", "inspect", "prec_i", "<<", "tap", "div", "&", "clone",
">>", "public_methods", "object_id", "__send__",
"instance_variable_defined?", "equal?", "freeze", "to_sym", "*", "ord",
"+", "extend", "next", "send", "round", "methods", "prec_f", "-",
"even?", "singleton_method_added", "divmod", "hash", "/", "integer?",
"downto", "dup", "to_enum", "instance_variables", "|", "eql?", "size",
"instance_eval", "truncate", "~", "id", "to_i", "singleton_methods",
"modulo", "taint", "zero?", "times", "instance_variable_get", "frozen?",
"enum_for", "display", "instance_of?", "^", "method", "to_a", "+@", "-@",
"quo", "instance_exec", "type", "**", "upto", "to_f", "<", "step",
"protected_methods", "<=>", "between?", "==", "remainder", ">", "===",
"to_int", "nonzero?", "pred", "instance_variable_set", "coerce",
"respond_to?", "kind_of?", "floor", "succ", ">=", "prec", "to_s", "<=",
"fdiv", "class", "private_methods", "=~", "tainted?", "__id__", "abs",
"untaint", "nil?", "chr", "id2name", "is_a?", "ceil", "[]"]
17

18. métodos retornam
outros objetos
irb(main):008:0> 1.methods.class
=> Array
irb(main):010:0> 1.methods.methods
=> ["find", "[]=", "inspect", "tap", "<<", "reject!", "flatten", "&", "clone", "push",
"rindex", "take", "__send__", "object_id", "public_methods", "reject", "transpose",
"instance_variable_defined?", "minmax", "choice", "freeze", "equal?", "indexes", "member?",
"each", "delete", "*", "sort", "extend", "partition", "map!", "uniq", "each_cons", "+",
"send", "any?", "each_with_index", "to_ary", "methods", "values_at", "-", "detect", "pack",
"hash", "dup", "take_while", "join", "pop", "replace", "instance_variables", "to_enum",
"reverse", "collect", "clear", "permutation", "slice!", "min_by", "|", "sort_by", "eql?",
"indices", "size", "group_by", "enum_cons", "id", "instance_eval", "at", "one?",
"enum_with_index", "flatten!", "singleton_methods", "find_index", "delete_at", "nitems",
"taint", "empty?", "shift", "drop", "instance_variable_get", "enum_for", "map", "frozen?",
"fill", "display", "instance_of?", "max_by", "uniq!", "combination", "method", "grep", "to_a",
"first", "compact", "instance_exec", "type", "fetch", "none?", "reverse_each",
"protected_methods", "find_all", "<=>", "delete_if", "==", "min", "reverse!", "insert", "===",
"unshift", "drop_while", "instance_variable_set", "sort!", "assoc", "concat", "each_slice",
"inject", "respond_to?", "kind_of?", "minmax_by", "product", "count", "to_s", "class",
"shuffle!", "last", "index", "zip", "private_methods", "=~", "tainted?", "__id__", "select",
"length", "max", "shuffle", "untaint", "nil?", "entries", "each_index", "cycle", "slice",
"reduce", "collect!", "rassoc", "enum_slice", "include?", "is_a?", "[]", "all?", "compact!"]
18

19. objetos trocam
mensagens entre si
irb(main):011:0> 1 .methods.sort
=> ["%", "&", "*", "**", "+", "+@", "-", "-@", "/", "<", "<<", "<=",
"<=>", "==", "===", "=~", ">", ">=", ">>", "[]", "^", "__id__",
"__send__", "abs", "between?", "ceil", "chr", "class", "clone",
"coerce", "display", "div", "divmod", "downto", "dup", "enum_for",
"eql?", "equal?", "even?", "extend", "fdiv", "floor", "freeze",
"frozen?", "hash", "id", "id2name", "inspect", "instance_eval",
"instance_exec", "instance_of?", "instance_variable_defined?",
"instance_variable_get", "instance_variable_set",
"instance_variables", "integer?", "is_a?", "kind_of?", "method",
"methods", "modulo", "next", "nil?", "nonzero?", "object_id", "odd?",
"ord", "prec", "prec_f", "prec_i", "pred", "private_methods",
"protected_methods", "public_methods", "quo", "remainder",
"respond_to?", "round", "send", "singleton_method_added",
"singleton_methods", "size", "step", "succ", "taint", "tainted?",
"tap", "times", "to_a", "to_enum", "to_f", "to_i", "to_int", "to_s",
"to_sym", "truncate", "type", "untaint", "upto", "zero?", "|", "~"] 19

20. então, tudo é objeto e troca
de mensagem entre eles
irb(main):034:0> 1+2
=> 3
irb(main):035:0> 3*5
=> 15
repare que +, -, *, / ...
são métodos do objeto
da classe Fixnum
20

21. classes também
podem ter métodos
irb(main):031:0> 1.class
=> Fixnum
irb(main):032:0> 1.class.methods.sort
=> ["<", "<=", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", ">", ">=", "__id__", "__send__", "allocate",
"ancestors", "autoload", "autoload?", "class", "class_eval", "class_exec",
"class_variable_defined?", "class_variables", "clone", "const_defined?", "const_get",
"const_missing", "const_set", "constants", "display", "dup", "enum_for", "eql?", "equal?",
"extend", "freeze", "frozen?", "hash", "id", "include?", "included_modules", "induced_from",
"inspect", "instance_eval", "instance_exec", "instance_method", "instance_methods",
"instance_of?", "instance_variable_defined?", "instance_variable_get",
"instance_variable_set", "instance_variables", "is_a?", "kind_of?", "method",
"method_defined?", "methods", "module_eval", "module_exec", "name", "nil?", "object_id",
"private_class_method", "private_instance_methods", "private_method_defined?",
"private_methods", "protected_instance_methods", "protected_method_defined?",
"protected_methods", "public_class_method", "public_instance_methods",
"public_method_defined?", "public_methods", "respond_to?", "send", "singleton_methods",
"superclass", "taint", "tainted?", "tap", "to_a", "to_enum", "to_s", "type", "untaint"]
21

22. De onde vem isso?
.class, .methods
? 22

23. Object
1 é Fixnum,
que extende Integer, Numeric
que extende Numeric,
que extende Object.
Integer
irb(main):026:0> 1.class
=> Fixnum
irb(main):027:0> 1.class.superclass Fixnum
=> Integer
irb(main):028:0> 1.class.superclass.superclass
=> Numeric
irb(main):029:0> 1.class.superclass.superclass.superclass
=> Object
irb(main):030:0> 1.class.superclass.superclass.superclass.superclass
=> nil 23

24. Toda classe Ruby
extende de Object
Object
...
Array Fixnum ...
24

25. todos os métodos da classe
Object estão disponíveis em
qualquer objeto Ruby
irb(main):033:0> Object.methods.sort
=> ["<", "<=", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", ">", ">=", "__id__", "__send__",
"allocate", "ancestors", "autoload", "autoload?", "class", "class_eval",
"class_exec", "class_variable_defined?", "class_variables", "clone",
"const_defined?", "const_get", "const_missing", "const_set", "constants",
"display", "dup", "enum_for", "eql?", "equal?", "extend", "freeze", "frozen?",
"hash", "id", "include?", "included_modules", "inspect", "instance_eval",
"instance_exec", "instance_method", "instance_methods", "instance_of?",
"instance_variable_defined?", "instance_variable_get", "instance_variable_set",
"instance_variables", "is_a?", "kind_of?", "method", "method_defined?",
"methods", "module_eval", "module_exec", "name", "new", "nil?", "object_id",
"private_class_method", "private_instance_methods", "private_method_defined?",
"private_methods", "protected_instance_methods", "protected_method_defined?",
"protected_methods", "public_class_method", "public_instance_methods",
"public_method_defined?", "public_methods", "respond_to?", "send",
"singleton_methods", "superclass", "taint", "tainted?", "tap", "to_a", "to_enum",
"to_s", "type", "untaint"]
25

26. http://www.ruby-doc.org/ 26

27. @variable
def
while until
Sintaxe Ruby
for
end
class
do
<
attr_accessor
27

28. Métodos
def soma a, b
a+b
end
puts soma 3, 4
28

29. Classe
numero.rb
class Numero
# atributos
# metodos
end
29

30. Classe
construtor
class Numero
def initialize v
@valor = v
end
end
irb(main):001:0> require 'numero'
=> true
irb(main):002:0> n = Numero.new 1
=> #<Numero:0x54ec0 @v=1>
30

31. Classe
accessors
class Numero
def initialize v
@valor = v
end
end
irb(main):001:0> require 'numero'
=> true
irb(main):002:0> n = Numero.new 1
=> #<Numero:0x54e98 @valor=1>
irb(main):003:0> n.valor
NoMethodError: undefined method `valor'
for #<Numero:0x54e98 @valor=1>
from (irb):3
31

32. Classe
accessors
class Numero
def initialize v
@valor = v
end
attr_accessor :valor
end
irb(main):002:0> require 'numero'
=> true
irb(main):003:0> n = Numero.new 1
=> #<Numero:0x500a0 @valor=1>
irb(main):004:0> n.valor
=> 1
32

33. Classe
herança
funcionario.rb
pessoa.rb
class Pessoa class Funcionario < Pessoa
def initialize nome def initialize n, m
@nome = nome super n
end @matricula = m
end
attr_accessor :nome
attr_accessor :matricula
end
end
require 'pessoa'
require 'funcionario'
p = Pessoa.new 'Alexandre'
puts "A pessoa #{p.nome} foi criada"
f = Funcionario.new 'Ze', '1234'
puts "O funcionario #{f.nome} de matricula #{f.matricula} foi criado" 33

34. Variáveis
definição
irb(main):001:0> a=1
=> 1
irb(main):002:0> a = 1
=> 1
irb(main):003:0> puts a
1
=> nil
irb(main):004:0> a.class
=> Fixnum
irb(main):005:0> a = "Agilidade"
=> "Agilidade"
irb(main):006:0> a.class
=> String
irb(main):007:0> puts a
Agilidade
=> nil
34

35. Variáveis
escopo
x variável local
@x variável de instância
@@x variável de classe
$x variável global
35

36. Números
irb(main):010:0> a = 1
=> 1
irb(main):011:0> a.class
=> Fixnum
irb(main):012:0> a = 1.0
=> 1.0
irb(main):013:0> a.class
=> Float
irb(main):014:0> a = 11111111111111111111111111111111
=> 11111111111111111111111111111111
irb(main):015:0> a.class
=> Bignum
36

37. Booleans
Possíveis valores if a
a = true verdadeiro
a = false falso
a = “qqcoisa” verdadeiro
a = nil falso
a=0 verdadeiro
a=1 verdadeiro
37

38. Strings
“ ” vs ‘ ’
irb(main):001:0> a = "capoeira"
=> "capoeira"
irb(main):002:0> a.class
=> String
irb(main):003:0> a = 'capoeira'
=> "capoeira"
irb(main):004:0> a.class
=> String
irb(main):005:0> a = 'capoeiranbrasil'
=> "capoeiranbrasil"
irb(main):006:0> puts a
capoeiranbrasil
=> nil
irb(main):007:0> a = "capoeiranbrasil"
=> "capoeiranbrasil"
irb(main):008:0> puts a
capoeira
brasil
=> nil
38

39. Strings
expansão de variáveis
irb(main):009:0> b = "o valor de 'a' eh #{a}"
=> "o valor de 'a' eh capoeiranbrasil"
39

40. Strings
múltiplas linhas
irb(main):010:0> a = <<FIM
irb(main):011:0" aqui comeca
irb(main):012:0" um texto
irb(main):013:0" multilinha
irb(main):014:0" que so vai ter fim
irb(main):015:0" quando eu escrever FIM
irb(main):016:0" no inicio da linha
irb(main):017:0" FIM
=> "aqui comecanum textonmultilinhanque so vai ter fim
nquando eu escrever FIMnno inicio da linhan"
irb(main):018:0> puts a
aqui comeca
um texto
multilinha
que so vai ter fim
quando eu escrever FIM
no inicio da linha
=> nil 40

41. CONSTANTES
irb(main):019:0> CONSTANTE = "rubyonrails"
=> "rubyonrails"
irb(main):020:0> CONSTANTE = "javaonrails"
(irb):20: warning: already initialized
constant CONSTANTE
=> "javaonrails"
41

42. Arrays
irb(main):022:0> a = ['arroz', 'feijao', 'abobora']
=> ["arroz", "feijao", "abobora"]
irb(main):023:0> puts a
arroz
feijao
abobora
=> nil
irb(main):024:0> a.class
=> Array
irb(main):025:0> a[0]
=> "arroz"
irb(main):026:0> a[1]
=> "feijao"
irb(main):027:0> a[2]
=> "abobora"
irb(main):028:0> a[3]
=> nil
42

43. Arrays
irb(main):029:0> a = Array.new
=> []
irb(main):030:0> a.length
=> 0
irb(main):031:0> a[1] = "couve"
=> "couve"
irb(main):032:0> a[0] = "pe-de-porco"
=> "pe-de-porco"
irb(main):033:0> puts a
pe-de-porco
couve
=> nil
irb(main):034:0> a[2] = "mandioca"
=> "mandioca"
irb(main):035:0> a
=> ["pe-de-porco", "couve", "mandioca"]
43

44. Arrays
irb(main):038:0> puts a
pe-de-porco
couve
mandioca
=> nil
irb(main):039:0> puts a[0]
pe-de-porco
=> nil
irb(main):041:0> a.methods.sort
=> ["&", "*", "+", "-", "<<", "<=>", "==", "===", "=~", "[]",
"[]=", "__id__", "__send__", "all?", "any?", "assoc", "at",
"choice", "class", "clear", "clone", "collect", "collect!",
"combination", "compact", "compact!", "concat", "count", "cycle",
"delete", "delete_at", "delete_if", "detect", "display", "drop",
"drop_while", "dup", "each", "each_cons", "each_index",
"each_slice", "each_with_index", "empty?" (...)
44

45. Hash
chave=valor
irb(main):001:0> a = { 1 => "alexandre", 2 => "luciana" }
=> {1=>"alexandre", 2=>"luciana"}
irb(main):002:0> a.class
=> Hash
irb(main):003:0> a = { 1 => "alexandre", "b3" => 802148 }
=> {1=>"alexandre", "b3"=>802148}
irb(main):004:0> a.class
=> Hash
irb(main):005:0> a = Hash.new
=> {}
irb(main):006:0> a[1] = "cavalo"
=> "cavalo"
irb(main):007:0> a[2] = "leao"
=> "leao"
irb(main):008:0> a.class
=> Hash
45

46. Blocos
irb(main):001:0> a = [ "xp", "scrum", "lean" ]
=> ["xp", "scrum", "lean"]
irb(main):002:0> a.each do |metodo|
irb(main):003:1* puts metodo
irb(main):004:1> end
xp
scrum
lean
=> ["xp", "scrum", "lean"]
46

47. Closure
irb(main):014:0> a = %w(huguinho zezinho luizinho)
=> ["huguinho", "zezinho", "luizinho"]
irb(main):015:0> x = 1
=> 1
irb(main):016:0> a.each_with_index do |elemento, indice|
irb(main):017:1* puts "x=#{x} e indice=#{indice}"
irb(main):018:1> x = x + indice
irb(main):019:1> end
x=1 e indice=0
x=1 e indice=1
x=2 e indice=2
=> ["huguinho", "zezinho", "luizinho"]
irb(main):020:0> x
=> 4
47

48. if
puts "Digite um numero: "
STDOUT.flush
a = gets.chomp.to_i
if a == 1
puts "voce digitou 'um'"
elsif a == 2
puts "voce digitou 'dois'"
else
puts "voce digitou um valor desconhecido"
end 48

49. case
puts "Digite um numero: "
STDOUT.flush
a = gets.chomp.to_i
case a
when 1
puts "voce digitou 'um'"
when 2
puts "voce digitou 'dois'"
when 3..9
puts "voce digitou algo entre tres e nove"
else
puts "voce digitou um valor desconhecido"
end 49

50. while
cmd = ""
while ! cmd.eql? "sair"
puts "Digite um comando: "
STDOUT.flush
cmd = gets.chomp
end
puts "Voce saiu." 50

51. for
for i in 1..10
puts i
end
51

52. labs
1. Imprimir números de 1 a 20
2. Impirimir números ímpares de 1 a 20
3. Imprimir, em ordem invesa, números ímpares de 1 a 20
4. Calcular idade a partir da data de nascimento 52

53. Quer saber mais?
• http://www.ruby-doc.org
• http://www.ruby-lang.org/pt
• http://www.rubyonbr.org
• http://peepcode.com
• http://www.rubylearning.com
• http://www.rubyquiz.com
• http://why.nomedojogo.com
53

54. Rails
http://rubyonrails.org 54

55. Rails
http://www.rubyonrails.pro.br 55

56. 56

57. Instalando RubyGems
$ sudo apt-get install rubygems
Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto
Construindo árvore de dependências
Lendo estado da informação... Pronto
Os pacotes extra a seguir serão instalados:
libgems-ruby1.8 libopenssl-ruby1.8 rdoc1.8
(...)
Descompactando rubygems (de .../rubygems_0.9.4-4_all.deb) ...
Instalando rdoc1.8 (1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Instalando libopenssl-ruby1.8 (1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Instalando libgems-ruby1.8 (0.9.4-4) ...
Instalando rubygems (0.9.4-4) ...
$
http://gems.rubyforge.org 57

58. $ sudo gem update --system
Updating RubyGems...
Attempting remote update of rubygems-update
Successfully installed rubygems-update-1.3.1
Updating version of RubyGems to 1.3.1
Installing RubyGems 1.3.1
(...)
RubyGems installed the following executables:
/usr/bin/gem1.8
If `gem` was installed by a previous RubyGems
installation, you may need
to remove it by hand.
RubyGems system software updated
$
Certifique-se de que a
última versão do
RubyGem foi instalada
58

59. $ sudo apt-get install sqlite3
Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto
Construindo árvore de dependências
Lendo estado da informação... Pronto
(..)
Baixados 19,9kB em 0s (23,6kB/s)
Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado sqlite3.
(Lendo banco de dados ... 167352 arquivos e diretórios atualmente
instalados.)
Descompactando sqlite3 (de .../sqlite3_3.4.2-2_i386.deb) ...
Instalando sqlite3 (3.4.2-2) ...
Instalando banco de
dados sqlite
59

60. $ sudo apt-get install build-essential ruby1.8-dev libsqlite3-dev
Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto
Construindo árvore de dependências
Lendo estado da informação... Pronto
(...)
Descompactando build-essential (de .../build-essential_11.3ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...
Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado libsqlite3-dev.
Descompactando libsqlite3-dev (de .../libsqlite3-dev_3.4.2-2_i386.deb) ...
Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado ruby1.8-dev.
Descompactando ruby1.8-dev (de .../ruby1.8-dev_1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2_i386.deb) ...
Instalando build-essential (11.3ubuntu1) ...
Instalando libsqlite3-dev (3.4.2-2) ...
Instalando ruby1.8-dev (1.8.6.111-2ubuntu1.2) ...
Instalando dependências
necessárias para o acesso
ao banco via Ruby
60

61. $ sudo gem install sqlite3-ruby
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed sqlite3-ruby-1.2.4
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for sqlite3-ruby-1.2.4...
Installing RDoc documentation for sqlite3-ruby-1.2.4...
Biblioteca do Ruby
para acesso ao banco
de dados sqlite
61

62. $ sudo gem install rails --version=2.2.2
Successfully installed activesupport-2.2.2
Successfully installed activerecord-2.2.2
Successfully installed actionpack-2.2.2
Successfully installed actionmailer-2.2.2
Successfully installed activeresource-2.2.2
Successfully installed rails-2.2.2
6 gems installed
Installing ri documentation for activesupport-2.2.2...
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-2.2.2...
Installing ri documentation for actionpack-2.2.2...
Installing ri documentation for actionmailer-2.2.2...
Installing ri documentation for activeresource-2.2.2...
Updating ri class cache with 2176 classes...
Installing RDoc documentation for activesupport-2.2.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-2.2.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionpack-2.2.2...
Installing RDoc documentation for actionmailer-2.2.2...
wInstalling RDoc documentation for activeresource-2.2.2...
Instalando Rails
62

63. Caso o diretório de binários do
RubyGem não tiver sido acrescentado
ao PATH durante a instalação, faça-o
manualmente.
$ rails -v
O programa 'rails' não está instalado atualmente. Você pode instalá-
lo digitando:
sudo apt-get install rails
-bash: rails: comando não encontrado
$
$
$ echo "export PATH=/var/lib/gems/1.8/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile
$ . ~/.bash_profile
$
$ rails -v
Rails 2.2.2
Verificando instalação
do Rails
63

64. $ rails inscricao_evento
create
create app/controllers
create app/helpers
create app/models
create app/views/layouts
create config/environments
create config/initializers
create config/locales
create db
create doc Text
create lib
(...)
create public/javascripts/dragdrop.js
create public/javascripts/controls.js
create public/javascripts/application.js
create doc/README_FOR_APP
create log/server.log
create log/production.log
create log/development.log
create log/test.log
Criando app Rails
64

65. inscricao_evento $ script/server
=> Booting WEBrick...
=> Rails 2.2.2 application started on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server; call with --help for options
[2009-03-22 15:46:11] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1
[2009-03-22 15:46:11] INFO ruby 1.8.7 (2008-08-11) [powerpc-darwin8]
[2009-03-22 15:46:11] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=2655 port=3000
Para testar a app,
inicialize o servidor do
Rails e acesse pelo
browser...
65

66. Rails é
MVC
66

67. MVC
View Controller Model
67

68. MVC
68

69. MVC
69

70. Rails é
MVC
70

71. Conceitos do Rails
Scaffold Routes
Model Tasks
Controller Tests
View Scripts
Helpers Migration
71

72. Scaffold
C.R.U.D
72

73. Scaffold
Scaffolding is a meta-programming method of building
database-backed software applications. It is a technique
supported by some model-view-controller frameworks, in which
the programmer may write a specification that
describes how the application database may be used.The
compiler uses this specification to generate code that the
application can use to create, read, update and delete
database entries, effectively treating the template as a
"scaffold" on which to build a more powerful application.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaffold_(programming) 73

74. Cria cadastro básico (CRUD)
para entidade ‘participante’
$ script/generate scaffold participante email:string nome:string
exists app/models/
exists app/controllers/
exists app/helpers/
create app/views/participantes
exists app/views/layouts/
exists test/functional/
(...)
dependency model
exists app/models/
exists test/unit/
exists test/fixtures/
create app/models/participante.rb
create test/unit/participante_test.rb
create test/fixtures/participantes.yml
create db/migrate
create db/migrate/20090318135212_create_participantes.rb
74

75. Scaffold
estrutura de diretórios
75

76. $ rake db:create:all
(in /home/sea/alegomes/sea/mkt/inscricao_evento)
$ rake db:migrate
(in /home/sea/alegomes/sea/mkt/inscricao_evento)
== CreateParticipantes: migrating
============================================
-- create_table(:participantes)
-> 0.0045s
== CreateParticipantes: migrated (0.0050s)
===================================
$
Cria estrutura do
banco de dados
76

77. Cadastro de
participantes pronto
77

78. Por debaixo dos panos...
78

79. Model
app/models
79

80. Controller
app/controllers
O nome do Controller é
usado para acessá-lo
80

81. Controller
app/controllers
81

82. Controller
app/controllers
teste_controller.rb
82

83. View
app/views
index.html.erb
83

84. Helper
app/helpers
teste_helper.rb
84

85. Routes
config/routes.rb
HTTP Request Controller.action
GET /participantes/alegomes ParticipantesController.show
http://guides.rubyonrails.org/routing.html 85

86. Routes
config/routes.rb
86

87. Routes
config/routes.rb
Verbo HTTP URL Controller Action Descrição
GET /participantes Participantes index Lista todos os participantes
Apresenta formulario para
GET /participantes/new Participantes new
novo cadastro
POST /participantes Participantes create Cria um novo participante
Apresenta um participante
GET /participantes/1 Participantes show
específico
Apresenta formulário para edição
GET /participantes/1/edit Participantes edit dos dados de um participante
Atualiza os dados de um
PUT /participantes/1 Participantes update
participante
Apaga o registro de um
DELETE /participantes/1 Participantes destroy
participante
87

88. http://betterexplained.com/articles/intermediate-rails-understanding-models-views-and-controllers/
88

89. Tasks
rake
rake -T
89

90. Scripts
app/script
• about
• dbconsole
• generate
• plugin
• runner
• console
• destroy
• performance
• process
• server
90

91. Tests
http://guides.rubyonrails.org/testing.html 91

92. Tests
tipos
Unitários Funcionais Integração
92

93. Tests
conceitos
Fixtures Suites Assertions
93

94. Tests
fixtures
test/fixtures/participantes.yml 94

95. Tests
unit
test/unit/participante_test.rb 95

96. Tests
unit
rake test:units
96

97. Tests
functional
test/functional/participantes_controller_test.rb 97

98. Tests
functional
rake test:functionals
98

99. Tests
integration
rake test:integration
test/integration/* 99

100. Migration
1.0 1.1 1.2
100

101. Migrations
Código para
evolução do banco
Código para
retrocesso do banco
101

102. Migrations
rake db:migrate
102

103. Revisão
Migration
Helpers
Model
Routes
Controller
Tasks
View
Tests
Scaffold
103

104. labs
Criar aplicação Rails
Explorar os arquivos gerados
Criar Scaffold para alguma entidade
Criar testes unitários
Criar testes funcionais
104

105. Quer saber mais?
• http://guides.rubyonrails.org
• http://api.rubyonrails.org
105

106. JRuby
“ JRuby is an 100% pure-Java implementation of
the Ruby programming language.
http://jruby.codehaus.org 106

107. JRuby
“ O JRuby é a implementação 100% em puro
Java da linguagem de programação Ruby. Ou
seja, permite que você rode seus scripts Ruby
na máquina virtual Java
http://ruby-br.org/?p=179 107

108. Forma mais fácil
de instalação
$ sudo apt-get install jruby
Lendo lista de pacotes... Pronto
Construindo árvore de dependências
Lendo estado da informação... Pronto
(...)
Baixados 3483kB em 10s (334kB/s)
Selecionando pacote previamente não selecionado jruby1.0.
(Lendo banco de dados ... 167406 arquivos e diretórios
atualmente instalados.)
Descompactando jruby1.0 (de .../jruby1.0_1.0.2-2_all.deb) ...
Instalando jruby1.0 (1.0.2-2) ...
$ jruby1.0 -v
ruby 1.8.5 (2008-01-07 rev 4810) [i386-jruby1.0.2]
Instalação e teste do
JRuby
http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/Getting_Started#QuickStart_with_JRuby 108

109. $ apt-cache search jruby
jruby0.9 - 100% pure-Java implementation of Ruby
jruby1.0 - 100% pure-Java implementation of Ruby
A última versão dos
repositórios do
Ubuntu é jruby1.0
(obsoleta)
109

110. $ wget -c http://dist.codehaus.org/jruby/1.1.6/jruby-bin-1.1.6.zip
$ unzip jruby-bin-1.1.6.zip
$ sudo mv jruby-1.1.6/ /opt
$ echo "export PATH=/opt/jruby-1.1.6/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile
$ . ~/.bash_profile
$ jruby -v
jruby 1.1.6 (ruby 1.8.6 patchlevel 114) (2008-12-17 rev 8388) [i386-java]
Última versão
instalada (jruby1.1.6)
o/
http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/Getting_Started#Installing_JRuby 110

111. $ jruby -S gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
rake (0.8.3)
rspec (1.1.11)
sources (0.0.1)
Teoricamente, tudo o
que podia ser executado
com ruby padrão
(MRI)pode ser executado
também com o jruby...
111

112. ...inclusive, uma
app Rails!
inscricao_evento$ jruby script/server
=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 2.3.2 application starting on http://0.0.0.0:3000
JRuby limited openssl loaded. gem install jruby-openssl for full
support.
http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/JRuby_Builtin_OpenSSL
/opt/jruby-1.1.6/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/actionpack-2.3.2/lib/
action_controller/middleware_stack.rb:84 warning: given block not used
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
[2009-03-19 10:19:21] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1
[2009-03-19 10:19:21] INFO ruby 1.8.6 (2008-12-17) [java]
[2009-03-19 10:19:21] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=8699
port=3000
112

113. JRubyOnRails
Rails sendo executado sobre
ambiente JRuby.
113

114. jruby não encontrou a
gem ‘sqlite3’ do banco
[2009-03-21 07:18:36] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1
[2009-03-21 07:18:36] INFO ruby 1.8.6 (2009-03-13) [java]
[2009-03-21 07:18:36] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=1010 port=3000
/! FAILSAFE /! Sat Mar 21 07:21:05 -0300 2009
Status: 500 Internal Server Error
no such file to load -- sqlite3
114

115. $ jruby -S gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS ***
actionmailer (2.3.2, 2.2.2)
actionpack (2.3.2, 2.2.2)
activerecord (2.3.2, 2.2.2)
activerecord-jdbc-adapter (0.9.1)
activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter (0.9.1)
activeresource (2.3.2, 2.2.2)
activesupport (2.3.2, 2.2.2)
jdbc-sqlite3 (3.6.3.054)
rails (2.3.2, 2.2.2)
rake (0.8.3)
rspec (1.1.11)
sources (0.0.1)
Realmente, a gem do
sqlite não é listada
115

116. !
atenção às gems
116

117. $ jruby -S gem list $ gem list $ sudo gem list $ sudo jruby -S gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS ***
actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.2.2) actionmailer (2.2.2) actionmailer (2.3.2)
actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.2.2) actionpack (2.2.2) actionpack (2.3.2)
activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.2.2) activerecord (2.2.2) activerecord (2.3.2)
activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.2.2) activeresource (2.2.2) activeresource (2.3.2)
activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.2.2) activesupport (2.2.2) activesupport (2.3.2)
rails (2.3.2) couchrest (0.12.4) couchrest (0.12.4) rails (2.3.2)
rake (0.8.3) extlib (0.9.10) extlib (0.9.10) rake (0.8.3)
rspec (1.1.11) json (1.1.3) json (1.1.3) rspec (1.1.11)
sources (0.0.1) mime-types (1.16) mime-types (1.16) sources (0.0.1)
mysql (2.7) mysql (2.7)
rails (2.2.2) rails (2.2.2)
rake (0.8.3) rake (0.8.3)
rest-client (0.9) rest-client (0.9)
rspec (1.2.0) rspec (1.2.0)
rubygems-update (1.3.1) rubygems-update (1.3.1)
sqlite3-ruby (1.2.4) sqlite3-ruby (1.2.4)
No Mac, as gems do
jruby são diferentes
das gems do ruby 117

118. $ jruby -S gem list $ gem list $ sudo gem list $ sudo jruby -S gem list
*** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS *** *** LOCAL GEMS ***
actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.3.2) actionmailer (2.3.2)
actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2) actionpack (2.3.2)
activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2) activerecord (2.3.2)
activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2) activeresource (2.3.2)
activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2) activesupport (2.3.2)
rails (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2) rails (2.3.2)
rake (0.8.3) rake (0.8.3) rake (0.8.4) rake (0.8.3)
rspec (1.1.11) rspec (1.1.11) sqlite3-ruby (1.2.4) rspec (1.1.11)
sources (0.0.1) sources (0.0.1) sources (0.0.1)
No Linux, apenas o
‘sudo’ do ruby varia as
gems
118

119. Caso o ambiente jruby não
esteja com todos os pacotes
instalados, instale-os
$ jruby gem install sqlite3-ruby
119

120. Tentar instalar o
sqlite3 no jruby pode
dar problemas
$ jruby gem install sqlite3-ruby
JRuby limited openssl loaded. gem install jruby-openssl for full
support.
http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/JRuby_Builtin_OpenSSL
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
/opt/jruby-1.1.6/lib/ruby/1.8/mkmf.rb:7: JRuby does not support
native extensions. Check wiki.jruby.org for alternatives.
(NotImplementedError)
from /opt/jruby-1.1.6/lib/ruby/1.8/mkmf.rb:1:in `require'
from extconf.rb:1
ERROR: Error installing sqlite3-ruby:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/opt/jruby-1.1.6/bin/jruby extconf.rb install sqlite3-ruby
120

121. Adaptador Java para o
SQlite
$ gem install activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter
JRuby limited openssl loaded. gem install jruby-openssl for full support.
http://wiki.jruby.org/wiki/JRuby_Builtin_OpenSSL
Successfully installed activerecord-jdbc-adapter-0.9.1
Successfully installed jdbc-sqlite3-3.6.3.054
Successfully installed activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter-0.9.1
3 gems installed
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-jdbc-adapter-0.9.1...
Installing ri documentation for jdbc-sqlite3-3.6.3.054...
Installing ri documentation for activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter-0.9.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-jdbc-adapter-0.9.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for jdbc-sqlite3-3.6.3.054...
Installing RDoc documentation for activerecord-jdbcsqlite3-adapter-0.9.1...
121

122. inscricao_evento$ touch db/development.sqlite3
inscricao_evento$ vi config/database.yml
development:
adapter: sqlite3
database: db/development.sqlite3
pool: 5
timeout: 5000
development:
adapter: jdbcsqlite3
database: db/development.sqlite3
pool: 5
timeout: 5000
122

123. o/
123

124. labs
124

125. Deploy de
aplicações Rails
#railsescala?
125

126. Rails em Produção
• CGI
• FastCGI
• Mongrel
• mod_rails (Phusion Passenger)
• JRuby
126

127. warbler
127

128. 128

129. GlassfishOnRails
“ GlassFish v2 and v3 support JRuby on Rails.
The JRuby Wiki captures the latest info on
JRuby on Rails support on GlassFish.
https://glassfish-scripting.dev.java.net/discover/ 129

130. GlassfishOnRails
A forma mais fácil de se criar
uma app Rails para o Glassfish
é através da IDE Netbeans.
130

131. 131

132. 132

133. 133

134. 134

135. 135

136. 136

137. Suporte a
WAR...
...Warble
requerido
137

138. Sem suporte a
WAR...
...Warble
opcional.
138

139. Cliue em
‘Finish’ e
aguarde a
criação do
projeto
139

140. 140

141. Execute a
aplicação
141

142. 142

143. Aproveitando...
143

144. Nome do model e
seus atributos
144

145. 145

146. 146

147. 147

148. Para saber mais...
http://www.netbeans.org/download/flash/jruby_on_rails/jruby_on_rails.html
148

149. JBossOnRails
“ Thesis: Rails can run well on JBoss
Ruby-on-Rails can run well on JBoss AS. Through
the magic of the JRuby team and Nick Sieger's
JRuby-Rack, running a vanilla Rails app in a servlet
container works.
http://oddthesis.org/theses/jboss-rails 149

150. 150

151. jboss.org
151

152. 152

153. 153

154. Instead of building a Ruby
Application Platform from the
ground-up, TorqueBox
leverages the existing ninja-
grade functionality JBoss has
been shipping for years in the
JBoss Application Server.
154

155. 155

156. http://torquebox.org/documentation/browse/1.0.0.Beta13/installation.html
156

157. http://torquebox.org/documentation/browse/1.0.0.Beta13/rails-support.html 157

158. Saiba mais!
http://torquebox.org
158

159. Lab?
159

160. Últimas palavras...
O mercado esta mudando, e ser
monolinguístico não é mais
vantagem...
160

161. Últimas palavras...
Ruby é uma linguagem
poderosa, elegante e divertida
de se trabalhar.
161

162. Últimas palavras...
Rails conseguiu responder à
clemência por produtividade
vinda da comunidade Java, com
estilo e personalidade.
162

163. Últimas palavras...
Ruby e Rails são tecnologias
amicíssimas da escola ágil de
desenvolvimento.
163

164. Últimas palavras...
JRuby agrega todas as vantagens
consagradas da plataforma Java à
tecnologia Ruby/Rails.
164

165. Últimas palavras...
A equação
Ruby + Rails + Java
pode colocar o Rails no mercado
corporativo dominado pela
cultura Java.
165

166. Últimas palavras...
Isso definitivamente pode ser a
próxima grande onda do mercado
de desenvolvimento de software.
166

167. Últimas palavras...
Fique atento....
;-)
167

168. P&R
blog.seatecnologia.com.br
alexandre.gomes@seatecnologia.com.br
twitter.com/alegomes