O documento apresenta a prova de que:
1) O argumento da multiplicação de números complexos z1 e z2 é igual à soma dos argumentos de z1 e z2
2) O argumento da razão entre números complexos z1 e z2 é igual à diferença entre os argumentos de z1 e z2
3) Estes resultados podem ser generalizados para a multiplicação e razão de qualquer número finito de números complexos
Slideshare is discontinuing its Slidecast feature as of February 28, 2014. Existing Slidecasts will be converted to static presentations without audio by April 30, 2014. The document informs users that new slidecasts can be found on myPlick.com or the author's blog starting in 2014. However, myPlick proved unreliable, so future slidecasts will instead be hosted on the author's YouTube channel.
The document discusses complex numbers and their definitions. It states that all complex numbers can be written as z = x + iy, where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part. If the real part is 0, the number is pure imaginary, and if the imaginary part is 0, the number is real. Every complex number has a complex conjugate of z = x - iy.
O documento apresenta a prova de que:
1) O argumento da multiplicação de números complexos z1 e z2 é igual à soma dos argumentos de z1 e z2
2) O argumento da razão entre números complexos z1 e z2 é igual à diferença entre os argumentos de z1 e z2
3) Estes resultados podem ser generalizados para a multiplicação e razão de qualquer número finito de números complexos
The document describes how complex numbers can be represented geometrically using an Argand diagram. The Argand diagram plots the real component of a complex number along the x-axis and the imaginary component along the y-axis, allowing any complex number to be represented as a point in the diagram. Several complex numbers are plotted as examples. The document then explains how every complex number can be expressed in terms of its modulus and argument, where the modulus is the distance from the origin and the argument is the angle relative to the positive real axis. An example calculation of the modulus and argument is shown for the complex number 4 - 4i.
The document provides information on sketching graphs of basic curves. It lists 8 types of basic curves: (1) straight lines, (2) parabolas, (3) cubics, (4) higher powers, (5) hyperbolas, (6) circles, (7) exponentials, and (8) roots. For each type of curve, it gives the standard form of the equation and notes on identifying features like intercepts, vertices, and the overall shape of the graph. Sketching curves involves finding intercepts and using a table of values to plot points if needed.
Slideshare is discontinuing its Slidecast feature as of February 28, 2014. Existing Slidecasts will be converted to static presentations without audio by April 30, 2014. The document informs users that new slidecasts can be found on myPlick.com or the author's blog starting in 2014. However, myPlick proved unreliable, so future slidecasts will instead be hosted on the author's YouTube channel.
The document discusses complex numbers and their definitions. It states that all complex numbers can be written as z = x + iy, where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part. If the real part is 0, the number is pure imaginary, and if the imaginary part is 0, the number is real. Every complex number has a complex conjugate of z = x - iy.
O documento apresenta a prova de que:
1) O argumento da multiplicação de números complexos z1 e z2 é igual à soma dos argumentos de z1 e z2
2) O argumento da razão entre números complexos z1 e z2 é igual à diferença entre os argumentos de z1 e z2
3) Estes resultados podem ser generalizados para a multiplicação e razão de qualquer número finito de números complexos
The document describes how complex numbers can be represented geometrically using an Argand diagram. The Argand diagram plots the real component of a complex number along the x-axis and the imaginary component along the y-axis, allowing any complex number to be represented as a point in the diagram. Several complex numbers are plotted as examples. The document then explains how every complex number can be expressed in terms of its modulus and argument, where the modulus is the distance from the origin and the argument is the angle relative to the positive real axis. An example calculation of the modulus and argument is shown for the complex number 4 - 4i.
The document provides information on sketching graphs of basic curves. It lists 8 types of basic curves: (1) straight lines, (2) parabolas, (3) cubics, (4) higher powers, (5) hyperbolas, (6) circles, (7) exponentials, and (8) roots. For each type of curve, it gives the standard form of the equation and notes on identifying features like intercepts, vertices, and the overall shape of the graph. Sketching curves involves finding intercepts and using a table of values to plot points if needed.
The document discusses different methods for factorising expressions:
1) Looking for a common factor and dividing it out of all terms
2) Using the difference of two squares formula (a2 - b2 = (a - b)(a + b))
3) Factorising quadratic trinomials into two binomial factors by identifying the values that multiply to give the constant term and sum to give the coefficient of the linear term.
The document provides information on index laws and the meaning of indices in algebra:
- Index laws state that am × an = am+n, am ÷ an = am-n, and (am)n = amn. Exponents can be added or subtracted when multiplying or dividing terms with the same base.
- Positive exponents indicate a term is raised to a power. Negative exponents indicate a root is being taken. Terms with exponents are evaluated from left to right.
- Examples demonstrate how to simplify expressions using index laws and interpret different types of indices.
12 x1 t01 03 integrating derivative on function (2013)Nigel Simmons
The document discusses integrating derivatives of functions. It states that the integral of the derivative of a function f(x) is equal to the natural log of f(x) plus a constant. It then provides examples of integrating several derivatives: (i) ∫(1/(7-3x)) dx = -1/3 log(7-3x) + c, (ii) ∫(1/(8x+5)) dx = 1/8 log(8x+5) + c, and (iii) ∫(x5/(x-2)) dx = 1/6 log(x6-2) + c. It also discusses techniques for integrating fractions by polynomial long division and finds
The document discusses logarithms and their properties. Logarithms are defined as the inverse of exponentials. If y = ax, then x = loga y. The natural logarithm is log base e, written as ln. Properties of logarithms include: loga m + loga n = loga mn; loga m - loga n = loga(m/n); loga mn = n loga m; loga 1 = 0; loga a = 1. Examples of evaluating logarithmic expressions are provided.
The document discusses relationships between the coefficients and roots of polynomials. It states that for a polynomial P(x) = axn + bxn-1 + cxn-2 + ..., the sum of the roots equals -b/a, the sum of the roots taken two at a time equals c/a, and so on for higher order terms. It also provides examples of using these relationships to find the sums of roots for a given polynomial.
P
4
3
2
The document discusses properties of polynomials with multiple roots. It first proves that if a polynomial P(x) has a root x = a of multiplicity m, then the derivative of P(x), P'(x), will have a root x = a of multiplicity m-1. It then provides an example of solving a cubic equation given it has a double root. Finally, it examines a quartic polynomial and shows that its root α cannot be 0, 1, or -1, and that 1/
The document discusses factorizing complex expressions. The main points are:
- If a polynomial's coefficients are real, its roots will appear in complex conjugate pairs.
- Any polynomial of degree n can be factorized into a mixture of quadratic and linear factors over real numbers, or into n linear factors over complex numbers.
- Odd degree polynomials must have at least one real root.
- Examples of factorizing polynomials over both real and complex numbers are provided.
The document describes the Trapezoidal Rule for approximating the area under a curve between two points. It shows that the area A is estimated by dividing the region into trapezoids with height equal to the function values at the interval endpoints and bases equal to the intervals. In general, the area is approximated as the sum of the areas of each trapezoid, which is equal to the average of the endpoint function values multiplied by the interval length.
The document discusses methods for calculating the volumes of solids of revolution. It provides formulas for finding volumes when an area is revolved around either the x-axis or y-axis. Examples are given for finding volumes of common solids like cones, spheres, and others. Steps are shown for using the formulas to calculate volumes based on given functions and limits of revolution.
The document discusses different methods for calculating the area under a curve or between curves.
(1) The area below the x-axis is given by the integral of the function between the bounds, which can be positive or negative depending on whether the area is above or below the x-axis.
(2) To calculate the area on the y-axis, the function is solved for x in terms of y, then the bounds are substituted into the integral of this new function with respect to y.
(3) The area between two curves is calculated by taking the integral of the upper curve minus the integral of the lower curve, both between the same bounds on the x-axis.
The document discusses 8 properties of definite integrals:
1) Integrating polynomials results in a fraction.
2) Constants can be factored out of integrals.
3) Integrals of sums are equal to the sum of integrals.
4) Splitting an integral range results in the sum of the integrals.
5) Integrals of positive functions over a range are positive, and negative if the function is negative.
6) Integrals can be compared based on the relative values of the integrands.
7) Changing the limits of integration flips the sign of the integral.
8) Integrals of odd functions over a symmetric range are zero, and integrals of even functions are twice the integral over
0
The document discusses the relationship between integration and calculating the area under a curve. It shows that the area under a curve from x=a to x=b can be calculated as the integral from a to b of the function f(x) dx. This is equal to the antiderivative F(x) evaluated from b to a. The area under a curve can also be estimated using rectangles, and as the width of the rectangles approaches 0, the estimate becomes the exact area. The derivative of the area function A(x) gives the equation of the curve f(x). Examples are given to calculate the exact area under curves.
The document discusses nth roots of unity. It states that the solutions to equations of the form zn = ±1 are the nth roots of unity. These solutions form a regular n-sided polygon with vertices on the unit circle when placed on an Argand diagram. As an example, it shows that the solutions to z5 = 1 are the fifth roots of unity located at angles that are integer multiples of 2π/5 around the unit circle. It then proves that if ω is a root of z5 - 1 = 0, then ω2, ω3, ω4 and ω5 are also roots. Finally, it proves that 1 + ω + ω2 + ω3 + ω4 = 0.
O Que é Um Ménage à Trois?
A sociedade contemporânea está passando por grandes mudanças comportamentais no âmbito da sexualidade humana, tendo inversão de valores indescritíveis, que assusta as famílias tradicionais instituídas na Palavra de Deus.
The document discusses different methods for factorising expressions:
1) Looking for a common factor and dividing it out of all terms
2) Using the difference of two squares formula (a2 - b2 = (a - b)(a + b))
3) Factorising quadratic trinomials into two binomial factors by identifying the values that multiply to give the constant term and sum to give the coefficient of the linear term.
The document provides information on index laws and the meaning of indices in algebra:
- Index laws state that am × an = am+n, am ÷ an = am-n, and (am)n = amn. Exponents can be added or subtracted when multiplying or dividing terms with the same base.
- Positive exponents indicate a term is raised to a power. Negative exponents indicate a root is being taken. Terms with exponents are evaluated from left to right.
- Examples demonstrate how to simplify expressions using index laws and interpret different types of indices.
12 x1 t01 03 integrating derivative on function (2013)Nigel Simmons
The document discusses integrating derivatives of functions. It states that the integral of the derivative of a function f(x) is equal to the natural log of f(x) plus a constant. It then provides examples of integrating several derivatives: (i) ∫(1/(7-3x)) dx = -1/3 log(7-3x) + c, (ii) ∫(1/(8x+5)) dx = 1/8 log(8x+5) + c, and (iii) ∫(x5/(x-2)) dx = 1/6 log(x6-2) + c. It also discusses techniques for integrating fractions by polynomial long division and finds
The document discusses logarithms and their properties. Logarithms are defined as the inverse of exponentials. If y = ax, then x = loga y. The natural logarithm is log base e, written as ln. Properties of logarithms include: loga m + loga n = loga mn; loga m - loga n = loga(m/n); loga mn = n loga m; loga 1 = 0; loga a = 1. Examples of evaluating logarithmic expressions are provided.
The document discusses relationships between the coefficients and roots of polynomials. It states that for a polynomial P(x) = axn + bxn-1 + cxn-2 + ..., the sum of the roots equals -b/a, the sum of the roots taken two at a time equals c/a, and so on for higher order terms. It also provides examples of using these relationships to find the sums of roots for a given polynomial.
P
4
3
2
The document discusses properties of polynomials with multiple roots. It first proves that if a polynomial P(x) has a root x = a of multiplicity m, then the derivative of P(x), P'(x), will have a root x = a of multiplicity m-1. It then provides an example of solving a cubic equation given it has a double root. Finally, it examines a quartic polynomial and shows that its root α cannot be 0, 1, or -1, and that 1/
The document discusses factorizing complex expressions. The main points are:
- If a polynomial's coefficients are real, its roots will appear in complex conjugate pairs.
- Any polynomial of degree n can be factorized into a mixture of quadratic and linear factors over real numbers, or into n linear factors over complex numbers.
- Odd degree polynomials must have at least one real root.
- Examples of factorizing polynomials over both real and complex numbers are provided.
The document describes the Trapezoidal Rule for approximating the area under a curve between two points. It shows that the area A is estimated by dividing the region into trapezoids with height equal to the function values at the interval endpoints and bases equal to the intervals. In general, the area is approximated as the sum of the areas of each trapezoid, which is equal to the average of the endpoint function values multiplied by the interval length.
The document discusses methods for calculating the volumes of solids of revolution. It provides formulas for finding volumes when an area is revolved around either the x-axis or y-axis. Examples are given for finding volumes of common solids like cones, spheres, and others. Steps are shown for using the formulas to calculate volumes based on given functions and limits of revolution.
The document discusses different methods for calculating the area under a curve or between curves.
(1) The area below the x-axis is given by the integral of the function between the bounds, which can be positive or negative depending on whether the area is above or below the x-axis.
(2) To calculate the area on the y-axis, the function is solved for x in terms of y, then the bounds are substituted into the integral of this new function with respect to y.
(3) The area between two curves is calculated by taking the integral of the upper curve minus the integral of the lower curve, both between the same bounds on the x-axis.
The document discusses 8 properties of definite integrals:
1) Integrating polynomials results in a fraction.
2) Constants can be factored out of integrals.
3) Integrals of sums are equal to the sum of integrals.
4) Splitting an integral range results in the sum of the integrals.
5) Integrals of positive functions over a range are positive, and negative if the function is negative.
6) Integrals can be compared based on the relative values of the integrands.
7) Changing the limits of integration flips the sign of the integral.
8) Integrals of odd functions over a symmetric range are zero, and integrals of even functions are twice the integral over
0
The document discusses the relationship between integration and calculating the area under a curve. It shows that the area under a curve from x=a to x=b can be calculated as the integral from a to b of the function f(x) dx. This is equal to the antiderivative F(x) evaluated from b to a. The area under a curve can also be estimated using rectangles, and as the width of the rectangles approaches 0, the estimate becomes the exact area. The derivative of the area function A(x) gives the equation of the curve f(x). Examples are given to calculate the exact area under curves.
The document discusses nth roots of unity. It states that the solutions to equations of the form zn = ±1 are the nth roots of unity. These solutions form a regular n-sided polygon with vertices on the unit circle when placed on an Argand diagram. As an example, it shows that the solutions to z5 = 1 are the fifth roots of unity located at angles that are integer multiples of 2π/5 around the unit circle. It then proves that if ω is a root of z5 - 1 = 0, then ω2, ω3, ω4 and ω5 are also roots. Finally, it proves that 1 + ω + ω2 + ω3 + ω4 = 0.
O Que é Um Ménage à Trois?
A sociedade contemporânea está passando por grandes mudanças comportamentais no âmbito da sexualidade humana, tendo inversão de valores indescritíveis, que assusta as famílias tradicionais instituídas na Palavra de Deus.
Atividade letra da música - Espalhe Amor, Anavitória.Mary Alvarenga
A música 'Espalhe Amor', interpretada pela cantora Anavitória é uma celebração do amor e de sua capacidade de transformar e conectar as pessoas. A letra sugere uma reflexão sobre como o amor, quando verdadeiramente compartilhado, pode ultrapassar barreiras alcançando outros corações e provocando mudanças positivas.
Egito antigo resumo - aula de história.pdfsthefanydesr
O Egito Antigo foi formado a partir da mistura de diversos povos, a população era dividida em vários clãs, que se organizavam em comunidades chamadas nomos. Estes funcionavam como se fossem pequenos Estados independentes.
Por volta de 3500 a.C., os nomos se uniram formando dois reinos: o Baixo Egito, ao Norte e o Alto Egito, ao Sul. Posteriormente, em 3200 a.C., os dois reinos foram unificados por Menés, rei do alto Egito, que tornou-se o primeiro faraó, criando a primeira dinastia que deu origem ao Estado egípcio.
Começava um longo período de esplendor da civilização egípcia, também conhecida como a era dos grandes faraós.
5. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
6. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
7. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
8. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 i sin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
9. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 i sin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 2 i sin 1 2
10. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 isin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 2 i sin 1 2
z1 z 2 r1r2
z1 z 2
11. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 isin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 2 i sin 1 2
z1 z 2 r1r2 arg z1 z 2 1 2
z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
12. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 isin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 2 i sin 1 2
z1 z 2 r1r2 arg z1 z 2 1 2
z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
NOTE: it follows that;
13. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 isin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 2 i sin 1 2
z1 z 2 r1r2 arg z1 z 2 1 2
z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z3 z n z1 z 2 z3 z n
14. Mod-Arg Relations
1 z1 z2 z1 z2
arg z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
Proof: let z1 r1cis1 and z 2 r2 cis 2
z1 z 2 r1 cos1 i sin 1 r2 cos 2 i sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 i sin 1 cos 2 i cos1 sin 2 sin 1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 cos 2 sin 1 sin 2 isin 1 cos 2 cos1 sin 2
r1r2 cos1 2 i sin 1 2
z1 z 2 r1r2 arg z1 z 2 1 2
z1 z 2 arg z1 arg z 2
NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z3 z n z1 z 2 z3 z n
arg z1 z 2 z3 z n arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z n
26. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
27. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
28. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
29. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
5 i 2 i
e.g. Find the modulus and argument of z
3 2i
30. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
5 i 2 i
e.g. Find the modulus and argument of z
3 2i
52 12 2 1
2 2
z
32 2 2
31. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
5 i 2 i
e.g. Find the modulus and argument of z
3 2i
52 12 2 1
2 2
z
32 2 2
26 5
13
32. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
5 i 2 i
e.g. Find the modulus and argument of z
3 2i
52 12 2 1
2 2
z
32 2 2
26 5
13
10
33. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
z z
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
5 i 2 i
e.g. Find the modulus and argument of z
3 2i
5 1 2 1
2 2 2 2
z 1 1 1 1 1 2
32 2 2 arg z tan tan tan
26 5 5 2 3
13
10
34. NOTE: it follows that;
z1 z 2 z1 z 2
z3 z 4 z3 z 4
zz
arg 1 2 arg z1 arg z 2 arg z3 arg z 4
z z
3 4
3 z z
n n
argz n n arg z
5 i 2 i
e.g. Find the modulus and argument of z
3 2i
5 1 2 1
2 2 2 2
z 1 1 1 1 1 2
32 2 2 arg z tan tan tan
5 2 3
1119 153 26 33 41
26 5
13
10 175 48