Este documento apresenta um resumo sobre análise de links e algoritmos relacionados como PageRank e TrustRank. Discute conceitos como estrutura da web, problemas como dead ends e spider traps e soluções como taxação para melhorar a qualidade dos resultados.
livro em pdf para professores da educação de jovens e adultos dos anos iniciais ( alfabetização e 1º ano)- material excelente para quem trabalha com turmas de eja. Material para quem dar aula na educação de jovens e adultos . excelente material para professores
Slides Lição 9, Central Gospel, As Bodas Do Cordeiro, 1Tr24.pptxLuizHenriquedeAlmeid6
Slideshare Lição 9, Central Gospel, As Bodas Do Cordeiro, 1Tr24, Pr Henrique, EBD NA TV, Revista ano 11, nº 1, Revista Estudo Bíblico Jovens E Adultos, Central Gospel, 2º Trimestre de 2024, Professor, Tema, Os Grandes Temas Do Fim, Comentarista, Pr. Joá Caitano, estudantes, professores, Ervália, MG, Imperatriz, MA, Cajamar, SP, estudos bíblicos, gospel, DEUS, ESPÍRITO SANTO, JESUS CRISTO, Com. Extra Pr. Luiz Henrique, 99-99152-0454, Canal YouTube, Henriquelhas, @PrHenrique
Sistema de Bibliotecas UCS - Chronica do emperador Clarimundo, donde os reis ...Biblioteca UCS
A biblioteca abriga, em seu acervo de coleções especiais o terceiro volume da obra editada em Lisboa, em 1843. Sua exibe
detalhes dourados e vermelhos. A obra narra um romance de cavalaria, relatando a
vida e façanhas do cavaleiro Clarimundo,
que se torna Rei da Hungria e Imperador
de Constantinopla.
Caderno de Resumos XVIII ENPFil UFU, IX EPGFil UFU E VII EPFEM.pdfenpfilosofiaufu
Caderno de Resumos XVIII Encontro de Pesquisa em Filosofia da UFU, IX Encontro de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia da UFU e VII Encontro de Pesquisa em Filosofia no Ensino Médio
Atividade - Letra da música "Tem Que Sorrir" - Jorge e MateusMary Alvarenga
A música 'Tem Que Sorrir', da dupla sertaneja Jorge & Mateus, é um apelo à reflexão sobre a simplicidade e a importância dos sentimentos positivos na vida. A letra transmite uma mensagem de superação, esperança e otimismo. Ela destaca a importância de enfrentar as adversidades da vida com um sorriso no rosto, mesmo quando a jornada é difícil.
Sequência Didática - Cordel para Ensino Fundamental ILetras Mágicas
Sequência didática para trabalhar o gênero literário CORDEL, a sugestão traz o trabalho com verbos, mas pode ser adequado com base a sua realidade, retirar dos textos palavras que iniciam com R ou pintar as palavras dissílabas ...
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
livro em pdf para professores da educação de jovens e adultos dos anos iniciais ( alfabetização e 1º ano)- material excelente para quem trabalha com turmas de eja. Material para quem dar aula na educação de jovens e adultos . excelente material para professores
Slides Lição 9, Central Gospel, As Bodas Do Cordeiro, 1Tr24.pptxLuizHenriquedeAlmeid6
Slideshare Lição 9, Central Gospel, As Bodas Do Cordeiro, 1Tr24, Pr Henrique, EBD NA TV, Revista ano 11, nº 1, Revista Estudo Bíblico Jovens E Adultos, Central Gospel, 2º Trimestre de 2024, Professor, Tema, Os Grandes Temas Do Fim, Comentarista, Pr. Joá Caitano, estudantes, professores, Ervália, MG, Imperatriz, MA, Cajamar, SP, estudos bíblicos, gospel, DEUS, ESPÍRITO SANTO, JESUS CRISTO, Com. Extra Pr. Luiz Henrique, 99-99152-0454, Canal YouTube, Henriquelhas, @PrHenrique
Sistema de Bibliotecas UCS - Chronica do emperador Clarimundo, donde os reis ...Biblioteca UCS
A biblioteca abriga, em seu acervo de coleções especiais o terceiro volume da obra editada em Lisboa, em 1843. Sua exibe
detalhes dourados e vermelhos. A obra narra um romance de cavalaria, relatando a
vida e façanhas do cavaleiro Clarimundo,
que se torna Rei da Hungria e Imperador
de Constantinopla.
Caderno de Resumos XVIII ENPFil UFU, IX EPGFil UFU E VII EPFEM.pdfenpfilosofiaufu
Caderno de Resumos XVIII Encontro de Pesquisa em Filosofia da UFU, IX Encontro de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia da UFU e VII Encontro de Pesquisa em Filosofia no Ensino Médio
Atividade - Letra da música "Tem Que Sorrir" - Jorge e MateusMary Alvarenga
A música 'Tem Que Sorrir', da dupla sertaneja Jorge & Mateus, é um apelo à reflexão sobre a simplicidade e a importância dos sentimentos positivos na vida. A letra transmite uma mensagem de superação, esperança e otimismo. Ela destaca a importância de enfrentar as adversidades da vida com um sorriso no rosto, mesmo quando a jornada é difícil.
Sequência Didática - Cordel para Ensino Fundamental ILetras Mágicas
Sequência didática para trabalhar o gênero literário CORDEL, a sugestão traz o trabalho com verbos, mas pode ser adequado com base a sua realidade, retirar dos textos palavras que iniciam com R ou pintar as palavras dissílabas ...
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Link analysis - Análise de Links
1. Link Analysis
André Luis Schwerz
Rafael Liberato Roberto
Abril/ 2012
By André Luis Schwerz e Rafael Liberato Roberto . Este trabalho foi
licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons - Atribuição -
NãoComercial 3.0 Não Adaptada.
2. Roteiro
• Introdução
• Page Rank
o Definição
o Estrutura da web
o Problemas (dead end, spider traps)
• Topic-Sensitive Page Rank
o Definição e exemplo
• Link Spam
o Spam Farm
o TrustRank
o Spam Mass
• Hub e Autoridades
2
3. Introdução
• Primeiros mecanismos de busca
o Índice Invertido
o Localização onde os termos apareciam
• Term Spam
o Tentativa de enganar a busca
o Inserção de termos na página com a mesma cor de
fundo da página
• Combate contra o Term Spam (Inovações Google)
1. Page Rank
2. Considerar também os termos que aparecem perto ou
dentro do link para aquela página
3
4. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Avalia a importância da página
• O que é importância de página?
o Conteúdo
o O que outras páginas dizem sobre ela
• Conceito da Navegação Exploratória (Random
Surfers)
o Simular todas as possibilidades de navegação após
diversas iterações
o Verificar quais páginas foram mais acessadas
• Não há um algoritmo fixo para o Page Rank
4
5. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1 1 0
Entrada
B 1 0 0 1
C 1 0 0 1
D 1 1 0 0
C D
Mini Mundo Matriz de Incidência
5
6. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
D 1/3 1/2 0 0
C D
Mini Mundo Matriz de Transição
7
7. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
D 1/3 1/2 0 0
C D
Qual é a probabilidade de se chegar em B após um 1 clique?
1/4 A 1/3
1/4 B 0
1/4 0 B (1/4 * 1/3) + (1/4 * 1/2) = 5/24
C
1/4 1/2
D
8
8. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
D 1/3 1/2 0 0
C D
Qual é a probabilidade de se chegar em B após um 1 clique?
1/4 A 1/3
1/4 B 0
1/4 0 B (1/4 * 1/3) + (1/4 * 1/2) = 5/24
C
1/4 1/2
D
9
9. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
Saída
M A B C D
A B
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
Simulação
𝑴 𝒗 𝒗′ = 𝑴𝒗
0 1/2 1 0 1/4 (M0,0*V0)+(M0,1*V1)+(M0,2*V2)+(M0,3*V3) 9/24
1/3 0 0 1/2 1/4 (M1,0*V0)+(M1,1*V1)+(M1,2*V2)+(M1,3*V3) 5/24
x =
1/3 0 0 1/2 1/4 (M2,0*V0)+(M2,1*V1)+(M2,2*V2)+(M2,3*V3) 5/24
1/3 1/2 0 0 1/4 (M3,0*V0)+(M3,1*V1)+(M3,2*V2)+(M3,3*V3) 5/24
10
10. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
Saída
M A B C D
A B
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
Simulação
Iteração 0 1 2 3
1/4 9/24 15/48 11/32 3/9
1/4 5/24 11/48 7/32 2/9
x M= x M= x M= x M= ...
1/4 5/24 11/48 7/32 2/9
1/4 5/24 11/48 7/32 2/9
Page Rank
11
11. Page Rank ™
DEFINIÇÃO
• Navegação Exploratória
o Processo de Markov
Iteração 0 1 2 3
1/4 9/24 15/48 11/32 3/9
1/4 5/24 11/48 7/32 2/9
xM xM xM xM ...
1/4 5/24 11/48 7/32 2/9
1/4 5/24 11/48 7/32 2/9
Page Rank
o Quantas iterações?
• Até que a diferença entre um vetor para o outro seja
pequena suficiente baseado em um coeficiente
• Na prática são necessárias de 50 a 75 iterações
12
12. Page Rank ™
ESTRUTURA DA WEB
Tendrils Tendrils
de Saída de Entrada
Componente Componente Componente
de Entrada Fortemente de Saída
Conectado
Componentes
desconectados
Tubos
13
13. Page Rank ™ Tendrils
de Saída
Tendrils
de Entrada
ESTRUTURA DA WEB
Componente Componente Componente
de Entrada Fortemente de Saída
Conectado
Componentes
desconectados
Tubos
• Violação das premissas do processo de Markov
o Componente de saída e Tendrils de saída: nunca saem
o Nenhuma página do CFC ou do Componente de
entrada terminará com probabilidade (importância)
14
14. Page Rank ™ Tendrils
de Saída
Tendrils
de Entrada
PROBLEMAS
Componente Componente Componente
de Entrada Fortemente de Saída
Conectado
Componentes
desconectados
Tubos
• Dois tipos reais de problemas
o Dead End
o Spider Trap
• Soluções
o Eliminar nós da morte
o Taxação (Taxation)
15
15. Page Rank ™
DEAD END
Saída
A B C D E
A B A 0 1/2 0 0 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2 0
E C 1/3 0 0 1/2 0
D 1/3 1/2 0 0 0
C D
E 0 0 1 0 0
1/4 3/24 5/48 21/32 0
1/4 5/24 7/48 31/32 0
xM xM xM xM ...
1/4 5/24 7/48 31/32 0
1/4 5/24 7/48 31/32 0
Page Rank
16
16. Page Rank ™
DEAD END
• Eliminando nós da morte
Saída
A B
A B A B D
A 0 1/2 0
Entrada
E
B 1/2 0 1
C D D 1/2 1/2 0
D
1/3 1/6 3/12 5/24 2/9
1/3 3/6 5/12 11/24 4/9
xM xM xM xM ...
1/3 2/6 4/12 8/24 3/9
Page Rank
17
17. Page Rank ™
DEAD END
• Eliminando nós da morte
Saída
A B
A B A B D
A 0 1/2 0
Entrada
E
B 1/2 0 1
C D D 1/2 1/2 0
D
2/9
1 2 1 3 13
C * + * = 4/9
3 9 2 9 54
3/9
13 13
E 1 * = Page Rank
54 54
18
18. Page Rank ™
SPIDER TRAPS
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1/2 0 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 1 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
𝒗′ = 𝑴𝒗
1/4 3/24 5/48 21/32 0
1/4 5/24 7/48 31/32 0
xM xM xM xM ...
1/4 11/24 29/48 205/288 1
1/4 5/24 7/48 31/32 0
Page Rank
Quando a navegação entra em C não sai mais
19
19. Page Rank ™
SPIDER TRAPS
• Taxação (Taxation) Teleporting
Ao invés de clicar em
Considerar uma probabilidade de teleporting um link, o usuário
pode acessar outra
página aleatoriamente
Navegação
𝑣′ = + teleporting pela URL.
aleatória
𝑣′ = 𝜷 ∗
Navegação
+ 𝟏 − 𝜷 ∗ teleporting 𝜷 = 0.8, 0.9
aleatória
1
1
𝑣′ = 𝜷 ∗ Mv + 𝟏− 𝜷 ∗ 𝒆/𝒏 𝒆=
1
1
20
20. Page Rank ™
SPIDER TRAPS
• Taxação (Taxation)
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1/2 0 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 1 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
𝑣 ′ = 𝜷𝑴𝑣 + 𝟏 − 𝜷 𝒆/𝒏
𝑣 ′ = 𝟎. 𝟖𝑴𝑣 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝒆/𝒏
0 2/5 0 0 1/20
4/15 0 0 2/5 1/20
𝑣′ = ∗ 𝑣 +
4/15 0 4/5 2/5 1/20
4/15 2/5 0 0 1/20
21
21. Page Rank ™
SPIDER TRAPS
• Taxação (Taxation)
Saída
A B A B C D
A 0 1/2 0 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 1 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
1/4 9/60 41/300 543/4500 15/148
1/4 13/60 53/300 707/4500 19/148
xM xM xM xM ...
1/4 25/60 153/300 2543/4500 95/148
1/4 13/60 53/300 707/4500 19/148
Page Rank
22
22. Topic-Sensitive Page Rank
• Modo em que páginas de um determinado assunto
ganham preferência na navegação exploratória
• O termo JAGUAR pode ser
o Animal
o Automóvel
o MAC O.S.
o Videogame
• Abordagem
o Identificar assuntos de preferência do usuário
o Identificar assuntos de uma página
23
23. Topic-Sensitive Page Rank
• Como identificar páginas de um determinado
assunto
• Open Directory (DMOZ)
• Como identificar assuntos de interesse do usuário?
1. Intervenção explícita
2. Inferir baseados no histórico de busca
3. Inferir baseado em informações sobre o usuário
24
24. Topic-Sensitive Page Rank
NAVEGAÇÃO INFLUENCIADA
Saída
M A B C D
A B
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
𝑣 ′ = 𝜷𝑴𝑣 + 𝟏 − 𝜷 𝒆 𝒔/|𝑺|
𝑣 ′ = 𝟎. 𝟖𝑴𝑣 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝒆 𝒔/|𝑺|
0 2/5 4/5 0 0
4/15 0 0 2/5 1/10
𝑣′ = ∗ 𝑣 +
4/15 0 0 2/5 0
4/15 2/5 0 0 1/10
25
25. Topic-Sensitive Page Rank
NAVEGAÇÃO INFLUENCIADA
Saída
M A B C D
A B
A 0 1/2 1 0
Entrada
B 1/3 0 0 1/2
C 1/3 0 0 1/2
C D D 1/3 1/2 0 0
0/2 2/10 42/150 62/250 54/210
1/2 3/10 41/150 71/250 59/210
xM xM xM xM ...
0/2 2/10 26/150 46/250 38/210
1/2 3/10 41/150 71/250 59/210
Page Rank
26
26. Link Spam
• Técnica para aumentar artificialmente o Page Rank
de uma página
Alvo
Páginas
de apoio
Páginas Páginas
Spam Farm
Inacessíveis Acessíveis
27
27. Link Spam
TRUST RANK
• É um Topic-Sensitive Page Rank com dois tópicos
o Confiáveis
o Não confiáveis
• É necessário definir o conjunto de teleport
o Intervenção humana
o Controle baseado no domínio
28
28. Link Spam
SPAM MASS
𝒓−𝒕
• Spam Mass =
𝒓
• Quanto maior o Spam Mass maior a probabilidade
da página ser spam
Node Page Rank Trust Rank Spam Mass
A 3/9 54/210 0.229
B 2/9 59/210 -0.264
C 2/9 38/210 0.186
D 2/9 59/210 -0.264
29
29. Hub e Autoridades
• HITS (Hyperlink Induced Topic Search)
• Autoridades
o Fornecem informações sobre um assunto
• Hubs
o Fornecem informações de onde encontrar sobre um
assunto
A H
30
30. Atividade
matrix vector
0 1/2 1 0 1/4 9/24 0 1/2 1 0 15/48
1/3 0 0 1/2 1/4 5/24 1/3 0 0 1/2 11/48
1/3 0 0 1/2
x
1/4
=
5/24
x
1/3 0 0 1/2
=
11/48 ...
1/3 1/2 0 0 1/4 5/24 1/3 1/2 0 0 11/48
• Dado o dataset (2 arquivos)
1. Arquivo com informações sobre os nós, representado por
um List<No>
2. Arquivo com a matriz de adjacência, representado por
uma matriz de double
• Desenvolver o método que calcula o Page Rank de todas
páginas
31
32. Referências
• RAJARAMAN, A. & ULLMAN, J.D., Mining of Massive
Datasets, 2011.
• MARALAMBOS, M. & BAKENKO, D. Algorithms of the
Intelligent Web, Manning, 2009.
33