This document discusses the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in commerce education at the higher secondary level in India. It outlines how ICT can be integrated into commerce classrooms to improve teaching and learning. ICT tools like PowerPoint, interactive CD-ROMs, and the internet can make lessons more engaging for students and provide alternate sources of information beyond textbooks. When used appropriately, ICT is found to increase student motivation, improve access to learning resources, and enhance teachers' training. However, effective integration of ICT requires adequate priority, resources, and teacher professional development support from educational policymakers.

1. Government College of Teacher Education
Thiruvananthapuram
ASSIGNMENT
Submitted to
Dr.ISSAC PAUL
Assistant Professor& HOD
Department of Commerce
Submitted by
ASWATHI CV
Semester II
B.Ed. Commerce
Submitted on
03 October 2015

2. Topic:
ICT Integrated Instruction in the Teaching-
Learning of Commerce at Higher Secondary Level

3. INTRODUCTION
Information Technology and computer networks are becoming an important part of the
life. Rapidly developing virtual education and distant learning methods of education. Computers
are widely used to expand teaching possibilities. As education is a complex process in which
human and technical resources should be used very carefully, concepts related to teaching and
learning has changed radically. There are many challenges in implementing ICTs effectively in
existing schools. Policy-makers need to give ICTs adequate priority and attention so as to reap
the benefits of deploying ICTs in school education. Students from rural locations or
impoverished communities often tend to slip under the radar so that they do not have even basic
access to ICT. Given that a number of schools still do not even have appropriate classrooms,
computers, telecommunication facilities and Internet services; ICT continues to be a distant
dream. The existing shortage of quality teachers further compounds the problem. As is being
increasingly articulated, if after spending large sums of money on programmes and schemes,
countries have not become fully literate, it is time that innovative and cost effective methods be
put in place to address the problem of education in these countries. While this is a larger problem
and points to the need for reform in the educational systems of these countries at various levels -
pedagogical, curricular, as well as institutional, the emergence of various Information and
Communication Technologies (ICTs) and their increasing acceptance and adoption by society
provide unique opportunities and could potentially promote education on a large scale.
While there is no conclusive research to prove that student achievement is higher when
using ICTs in the education space, either in the developed or developing countries, there is a
general consensus among practitioners and academics that integration of ICTs in education has a
positive impact on the learning environment. It is understood that in diverse socio-economic and
cultural contexts ICTs can be successfully employed to reach out to a greater number of students,
including those to whom education was previously not easily accessible, and help in promoting
learning, along with exposing students to the technical skills required for many occupations.
Practically all human knowledge can be found in books and libraries, unlike other animals that
must start a new with each generation, man builds upon the accumulated and recorded
knowledge of the past, and his constant adding to the vast store of knowledge makes possible
progress in all areas of human endeavor. The last few decades have witnessed a pretended flow

4. of information across the globe consequent to the emergence of various technologies. The
information and communication technology has played a significant role in these dynamics
which has not only made access across the globe is a, but has facilitated integration of thought
process. In the current context, a school teacher has an added responsibility of designing and
information and communication technology (ICT) strategy and overseeing its implementation
process in his or her school. Indian higher secondary schools are shifting the focus from
traditional instruction to ICT assisted instruction. This is a field where ICT is going to make a
bigger impact and commerce teachers need to put more effort in these.
Today learning has moved from the teacher to the student. Later has to learn by exploring
and also by working with peers. The role of the teacher is not providing information but guide
students to find required information. Both teachers and students become co-learners. ICT
provides alternate sources of knowledge and information and teachers can therefore be free from
managing classrooms to concentrate on enhancing the quality o learning experience for students.
These leads to more qualitative communication between the teachers and students thus blurring
the line between them.As a result, the learning tools at the command of the children are getting
more effective and sophisticated. At the root of this revolution are the personal computer, the
television set, video cassettes, the satellite network and what not. And there is no stopping this
avalanche of change as the world approaches the 21st century.
Information Technology (IT) and computer networks are becoming an important part of
the life. IT and computers are widely used to expand teaching possibilities. As education is a
complex process in which human and technical resources should be used carefully, concepts
related to teaching and learning has changed radically. Computer and related technologies are the
widely used, effective and excellent visualization media and hence these are widely used all over
the world. Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become commonplace
entities in all aspects of life. Across the past twenty years the use of ICT has fundamentally
changed the practices and procedures of nearly all forms of Endeavour within business and
governance. Education is a very socially oriented activity and quality education has traditionally
been associated with strong teachers having high degrees of personal contact with learners.

5. ICT in commerce classes
ICT in commerce education means "Teaching and Learning with ICT". Worldwide
research has shown that ICT can lead to improved student learning and better teaching methods.
A report made by the National Institute of Multimedia Education in Japan, proved that an
increase in student exposure to educational ICT through curriculum integration has a significant
and positive impact on student achievement, especially in terms of "Knowledge Comprehension"
"Practical skill" and "Presentation skill" in subject areas such as mathematics, science, and
commerce. In detailed view we can define ICT as a parasol term that includes any
communication device or application , encompassing radio, television, cellular phones,
computers and networks ,hardware and software ,satellite systems and so on as well as the
various and applications associated with them such as video conferencing and distance
learning.In the era of dynamic changes in the field of commerce, trade and industry. ICT has a pivotal
role to play in the education of that discipline. The role of ICT in commerce education goes far beyond
the direct use of instructional devices ICT can provide coverage of a growing knowledge base associated
with the information explosion in all areas including commerce ICT can meaningfully communicate all
type of information in graphic, text, audio and video. This part deals with various measures through
which ICT can be clubbed in learning teaching process. The term E-Learning is derived from,
electronic learning and refers to technology based learning or the electronic delivery of learning.
It covers a wide range of distributed knowledge applications and processes, including computer
based learning, web based learning, virtual classrooms, and digital collaboration. Thus E-
Learning includes the delivery of content via all electronic media, including the internet
,intranets, extranet, satellite broadcast ,audio/video tapes, interactive TV and CD –ROM .The
term Online Learning although sometimes used interchangeably with E-Learning .it refers more
precisely to web based learning ,which constitutes just one part of the technology based learning
spectrum; learning via internet. Learning is a combination of learning services and technology to
provide high quality integrated learning at any time and any place. It results from a new blend of
resources, interactivity, performance and structured learning activities.The methodology
followed in E-Learning makes use of various technologies to enhance the quality of the learning
process, by helping full realisation of the educational objectives aimed at and by catering to the
needs of a more diverse learner population with minimal expenditure. Internet is a network of
network where thousands of computers are connected to a worldwide network through a

6. common communication protocol. Internet is the world’s wonder network carrying information
on almost any subject under the sun.It is known as the Information superhighway.
People exchange many types of information in all social contexts on the internet.
Libraries and reference books are accessed through internet.PowerPoint Presentation Power
point is one of the most powerful presentations –software’s developed by the Microsoft
Corporation. Presentation software’s are used to present an idea, topic message, lecture,
information etc. on a subject in front of an audience using computer system and LCD projector.
In power point software, the teachers and students can develop their own slides in the subject of
interest. The term SLIDE is used in power point denotes the presentation programme files .A
slide can be made more attractive and catching by combining pictures, graphics, audio and video
clips. Interactive CD Rom (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) are the storage media used to
record, retrieve, read and replay the digitally formatted content of programmes and packages The
content or topic to be taught are programmed and stored in the CDs with multimedia features and
effect. Such CDs are developed to help the users interact easily.
ICT in classroom
The integrated model followed in Kerala's IT@Schools programme, which focused on
developing systemic in-house capabilities anchored around school teachers, has shown
considerable success; in terms of higher teacher engagement, integration of computer learning
with the regular learning processes, significant cost efficiencies, greater per-learner computer
availability, and development of teacher networks and collaborative content creation processes,
which support teacher professional development. The alternative 'outsourcing' or 'BOOT model,
employed by Karnataka's MahitiSindhuprogramme, does not show such significant
outcomes.Funds were spent on vendor payments instead of building in-house capacities. The
system itself did not benefit from this expenditure, and is unable to meaningfully sustain the
programme beyond BOOT period. Such outsourcing also builds dependencies of public
education system on private players that can significantly distort pedagogical structures in
inimical ways.In simple terms "ICT" is the Information and Communication Technologies.
The advantages of ICT in education are depending upon the way in which the instructor
combines the tools in instruction process. There is other famous quote in regard to this.
Information and communication technology (ICT) refers to the integration of computing

7. technology and communication. It can be defined as ‘anything which allows as getting
information to communicate with each other or to have an effect on the environment using
electronic or digital equipment’. The early computers were designed to aid computation however
today there use has become diverse and computation is just one among the many functions a
computer is used for. The use of ICT in education lends itself to more student-centered learning
settings. But with the world moving rapidly into digital media and information, the role of ICT in
education is becoming more and more important and this importance will continue to grow and
develop in the 21st century. Education policymakers widely accept that improved access to
information and communication technology (ICT) in education can help individuals to compete
in a global economy by creating a skilled work force and facilitating social mobility.
These coupled with the reach of telecommunication, have become a major driver of
change all over the world. It has brought unprecedented changes in many walks of life and
education is no exception. In india, IT has taken long strides in the field of education especially
in schools. The government of india’s CLASS (Computer Literacy and Awareness in Secondary
Schools) Project in mid 1980’s could be marked as the genesis of this moment however, for a
longtime ICT in school simply referred to IT education (teaching of LOGO, BASIC and so on).
Only recently has its scope being extended to include ICT in education and school administration
"You can be given computers, but if you don't have the capacity and ability to use them,
it e disappointing, “said KK Pai, educational administrator and former Chairman of Syndicate
Bank.
ICT and teaching and learning
Information and communication Technology refers to the integration of computing
technology and communication. It can be defined as: ‘anything which allows as or to have an
effect on the environment using electronic or digital equipment’. In teaching learning process
easier understanding of the content due to the using of ICT, and increasing the fastness and
attractiveness of the teaching modalities which combine the ICT with traditional methods. Some
teachers found it was also good opportunity to discuss with another teacher on how they can
improve their teaching methods. They pointed that the use of ICT in the teaching process of
commences leads to an important increasing of pupil motivation. The field of education has been
affected by ICTs, which have undoubtedly affected teaching, learning and research.ICTs have

8. the potential to accelerate, enrich, and deepen skills, to motivate and engage students, to help
relate school experience to work practices, create economic viability for tomorrow's workers, as
well as strengthening teaching and helping schools change In a rapidly changing world, basic
education is essential for an individual be able to access and apply information. Such ability must
find include ICTs in the global village. Conventional teaching has emphasized content.
For many years course have been written around textbooks. Teachers have taught
through lectures and presentations interspersed with tutorials and learning activities designed to
consolidate and rehearse the content. Contemporary settings are now favoring curriculum that
promote competency and performance. Curriculum is starting to emphasize capabilities and to be
concerned more with how the information will be used than with what the information is.
Contemporary ICTs are able to provide strong support for all these requirements and there are
now many outstanding examples of world class settings for competency and performance-based
curricula that make sound use of the affordances of these technologies. The integration of
information and communication technologies can help revitalize teachers and students. This can
help to improve and develop the quality of education by providing curricular support in difficult
subject areas. To achieve these objectives, teachers need to be involved in collaborative projects
and development of intervention change strategies, which would include teaching partnerships
with ICT as a tool.
ICT and secondaryeducation
A contextualised ICT education by teacher support system allowed for teachers to
integrate computers into their own regular subjects, the computer being a process or tool of
learning, rather than a subject of learning.ICT increases the flexibility of delivery of education so
that learners can access knowledge anytime and from anywhere. It can influence the way
students are taught and how they learn as now the processes are learner driven and not by
teachers. This in turn would better prepare the learners for lifelong learning as well as to improve
the quality of learning. In concert with geographical flexibility, technology-facilitated
educational programs also remove many of the temporal constraints that face learners with
special needs. Students are starting to appreciate the capability to undertake education anywhere,
anytime and anyplace. One of the most vital contributions of ICT in the field of education is-
Easy Access to Learning. With the help of ICT, students can now browse through e-books,

9. sample examination papers, previous year papers etc. and can also have an easy access to
resource persons, mentors, experts, researchers, professionals, and peers-all over the world.
more learners who previously were constrained by other commitments ICT enhancing learning
Environment ICT presents an entirely new learning environment for students, thus requiring a
different skill set to be successful. Critical thinking, research, and evaluation skills are growing
in importance as students have increasing volumes of information from a variety of sources to
sort.
ICT is changing processes of teaching and learning by adding elements of vitality to
learning environments including virtual environments for the six purpose. ICT is a potentially
powerful tool for offering educational opportunities. It is difficult and maybe even impossible to
imagine future learning environments that are not supported, in one way or another, by
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). When looking at the current widespread
diffusion and use of ICT in modern societies, especially by the young the so-called digital
generation then it should be clear that ICT will affect the complete learning process today and in
the future. Authenticity is an important issue which should be addressed in the design and
development of learning environments. Learning environments need to reflect the potential uses
of knowledge that pupils are expected to master, in order to prevent the acquired knowledge
from becoming inert. In addition, teachers should stimulate pupils to engage in active knowledge
construction. This calls for open-ended learning environments instead of learning environments
which focus on a mere transmission of facts.
ICT may contribute to creating powerful learning environments in numerous ways. ICT
enhancing learning motivation ICTs can enhance the quality of education in several ways, by
increasing learner motivation and engagement, by facilitating the acquisition of basic skills, and
by enhancing teacher training. ICTs are also transformational tools which, when used
appropriately, can promote the shift to a learner centred environment. ICTs, especially computers
and Internet technologies, enable new ways of teaching and learning rather than simply allow
teachers and students to do what they have done before in a better way. ICT has an impact not
only on what students should learn, but it also plays a major role on how the students should
learn. Along with a shift of curricula from “content-centered” to “competence-based”, the mode
of curricula delivery has now shifted from “teacher centered” forms of delivery to “student-
centred” forms of delivery. ICT provides Motivation to Learn. ICTs such as videos, television

10. and multimedia computer software that combine text, sound, and colourful moving images can
be used to provide challenging and authentic content that will engage the student in the learning
process. Interactive radio likewise makes use of sound effects, songs, dramatizations, comic
skits, and other performance conventions to compel the students to listen and become more
involved in the lessons being delivered. Some of the parents of the respondents opined that their
children were feeling more motivated than before in such type of teaching in the classroom
rather than the stereotype 45 minutes lecture. They were of the view that this type of learning
process is much more effective than the monotonous monologue classroom situation where the
teacher just lectures from a raised platform and the students just listen to the teacher.
ICT changes the characteristics of problems and learning tasks, and hence play an
important task as mediator of cognitive development, enhancing the acquisition of generic
cognitive competencies as essential for life in our knowledge society. Students using ICTs for
learning purposes become immersed in the process of learning and as more and more students
use computers as information sources and cognitive tools, the influence of the technology on
supporting how students learn will continue to increase. ICT enhancing the scholastic
performance Based on the extensive usage of ICTs in education the need appeared to unravel the
myth that surrounds the use of information and communication technology (ICT) as an aid to
teaching and learning, and the impact it has on students’ academic performance. ICTs are said to
help expand access to education, strengthen the relevance of education to the increasingly digital
workplace, and raise educational quality. However, the experience of introducing different ICTs
in the classroom and other educational settings all over the world over the past several decades
suggests that the full realization of the potential educational benefits of ICT. The direct link
between ICT use and students’ academic performance has been the focus of extensive literature
during the last two decades.
ICT helps students to their learning by improving the communication between them and
the instructors. The analysis of the effects of the methodological and technological innovations
on the students’ attitude towards the learning process and on students’ performance seems to be
evolving towards a consensus, according to which an appropriate use of digital technologies in 8
educations can have significant positive effects both on students’ attitude and their achievement.
Research has shown that the appropriate use of ICTs can catalyse the paradigmatic shift in both
content and pedagogy that is at the heart of education reform in the 21st century.

11. CONCLUSION
An innovative and effective use of ICTs to promote the effective teaching learning
process in the commerce classes.In order to more effectively prepare students to participate in
ICT-driven education, greater commitments and willingness to share and adopt innovative
solutions are needed from all aspects of society from Governments, the private sector, communities,
donors, parents, and students. Schools should be transformed into active learning environments
open to their communities; telecommunication and power infrastructure policies should focus on
schools as starting points for rural transformation; teachers and students must be empowered to be
creative agents for change in their schools; and leaders must embrace a vision that will prepare
their youth for tomorrow’s challenges.Despite the challenges outlined in the paper, ICTs are being
increasingly used in education in both the developed and developing world, in order to reach out to
children from poor and remote communities, provide them with a quality education, and in general
equip both teachers and students with a wider range of educational resource and enable them with
greater flexibility. However, the growth and success of ICTs in education depends on the extent to
whichthe issues and challenges outlined in this paper are addressed.
Reference
1. ICT strategies for schools, LaxmaMohanthy, Ed.2006
2. Modern methods teaching of commerce, DR.SwatiDosi, Ed.2012
3. Sure Success Series, PN Publication, Ed.2015
Websites
1. http://www.tojet.net/articles/v6i1/611.
2. http://www.uis.unesco.org/Communication/Documents/ICT-arab-states-en.
3. https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/ICT_Education/Keyin_Integrating_ICTs_in_Education.