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Trabalho elaborado por:
• Cátia Pinto, nº4 ;
• Élio Pereira, nº6 ;
• José Miguel, nº11 ;
• Marco Sá, nº14 ;
• Nicolau Pereira, nº16.
Probabilidades
•
• É uma forma de medir as hipóteses que um dado
  acontecimento tem de ocorrer.


•
• É o número de casos favoráveis a dividir pelo o número
  de casos possíveis.
Probabilidade de um
            acontecimento
•   Elementares: só tem um elemento;
•   Composto: tem mais que um elemento;
•   Equiprováveis: é igualmente provável sair;
•   Impossível: nunca se verificam;
•   Certos: verificam-se sempre.

• Nota:
• A probabilidade de um acontecimento pode ser
  representada sob a forma de fracção, dízima ou
  de percentagem.
Esquemas auxiliares de
               contagem
1º dado       1       2       3       4       5

   2º dado
    1        (1,1)   (1,2)   (1,3)   (1,4)   (1,5)

    2        (2,1)   (2,2)   (2,3)   (2,4)   (2,5)

    3        (3,1)   (3,2)   (3,3)   (3,4)   (3,5)

    4        (4,1)   (4,2)   (4,3)   (4,4)   (4,5)

    5        (5,1)   (5,2)   (5,3)   (5,4)   (5,5)

    6        (6,1)   (6,2)   (6,3)   (6,4)   (6,5)
Esquemas auxiliares de
     contagem


1ª moeda
           N
            C
     N          2ª moeda
           C
     C     N
• Lei dos grandes números
Para um grande número de experiência a frequência
relativa de um acontecimento A é um valor
aproximado da sua probabilidade.

         P(A) +/- Frequência relativa de A
Estatística e Probabilidades
1.   Dos 120 alunos de uma escola do 1.º ciclo sabe-se que:
•    60 praticam natação
•    72 praticam futebol
•    20 não praticam desporto

1.1 Quantos alunos desta escola praticam natação e futebol ?

•    120-100= 20 (não praticam desporto)
•    60+72= 132 (28+32=60 e 40+32=72 = 132)
                                                                   Não praticam
•    132-100= 32 (praticam ambas as modalidades)                   desporto
•    60-32=28 (praticam natação)
•    72-32=40 (praticam futebol)               Natação                 Futebol



                                                     28       32      40

                               Praticam ambas
                               as modalidades                                20

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Estatística

  • 1. Trabalho elaborado por: • Cátia Pinto, nº4 ; • Élio Pereira, nº6 ; • José Miguel, nº11 ; • Marco Sá, nº14 ; • Nicolau Pereira, nº16.
  • 2. Probabilidades • • É uma forma de medir as hipóteses que um dado acontecimento tem de ocorrer. • • É o número de casos favoráveis a dividir pelo o número de casos possíveis.
  • 3. Probabilidade de um acontecimento • Elementares: só tem um elemento; • Composto: tem mais que um elemento; • Equiprováveis: é igualmente provável sair; • Impossível: nunca se verificam; • Certos: verificam-se sempre. • Nota: • A probabilidade de um acontecimento pode ser representada sob a forma de fracção, dízima ou de percentagem.
  • 4. Esquemas auxiliares de contagem 1º dado 1 2 3 4 5 2º dado 1 (1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,5) 2 (2,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) 3 (3,1) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) 4 (4,1) (4,2) (4,3) (4,4) (4,5) 5 (5,1) (5,2) (5,3) (5,4) (5,5) 6 (6,1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5)
  • 5. Esquemas auxiliares de contagem 1ª moeda N C N 2ª moeda C C N
  • 6. • Lei dos grandes números Para um grande número de experiência a frequência relativa de um acontecimento A é um valor aproximado da sua probabilidade. P(A) +/- Frequência relativa de A
  • 8. 1. Dos 120 alunos de uma escola do 1.º ciclo sabe-se que: • 60 praticam natação • 72 praticam futebol • 20 não praticam desporto 1.1 Quantos alunos desta escola praticam natação e futebol ? • 120-100= 20 (não praticam desporto) • 60+72= 132 (28+32=60 e 40+32=72 = 132) Não praticam • 132-100= 32 (praticam ambas as modalidades) desporto • 60-32=28 (praticam natação) • 72-32=40 (praticam futebol) Natação Futebol 28 32 40 Praticam ambas as modalidades 20