Finology Group â Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
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Amplification, ROADM and Optical Networking activities at CPqD
1. Amplification, ROADM
and Optical Networking
activities at CPqD
Miquel Garrich Alabarce, PhD.
Senior Researcher â Optical Technologies Division
WTON â Campinas â May 28th 2015
2. 2/23
Outline
Optical Technologies Division
âą Optical networks team
Amplification
âą Automated amplifier characterizer
âą Field calibration procedure for distributed Raman amplifiers
Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM)
âą Transient response issues in cascaded WSS-based ROADMs
SDN-based dual-optimization application
âą Adaptive EDFA algorithm
âą Global WSS equalization algorithm
Collaboration activities with UTD
âą Estimating EDFA Output Power with an Efficient Numerical Modeling Framework
âą Network-wide signal power control strategies in WDM networks
3. 3/23
Optical Technologies Division at CPqD
Technological Trends
Transmission
and Networks
Product
Technologies
Microelectronics
Integrated
Photonics
Transmission
DSP
Access
Amplification
ROADM
Networks
Hardware
Software
Firmware
Tests
Mechanics
Requirements
Front End
Back End
Design
Alignment
Packaging
Systems
S
Y
S
T
E
M
S
D
E
V
I
C
E
STransport
Optical networks team
4. 4/23
Optical networks team
1 - Alexandre Daoud de Andrade
2 - Anderson Bravalheri
3 - Benjamin Sarti
4 - Camila de Araujo Souto Diniz
5 - Heitor Silva Carvalho
6 - JoĂŁo Carlos Sampaio JanuĂĄrio
7 - Leonardo Fagundes Luz Serrano
8 - Matheus Smythe Svolenski
9 - Miquel Garrich Alabarce
10 - Uiara Celine de Moura
7. 7/23
Field calibration procedure for distributed
Raman amplifiers
Distributed counter-propagated Raman amplifier
Sumbitted to International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference (IMOC) 2015
9. 9/23
Transient response issues in cascaded ROADMs
Higher threshold
Lower threshold
Target
power
Transient
Failure Convergence
Failure
Iteration:
âą Get information
âą Calculation
âą Application
Operation:
âą Simultaneous
âą Independent
10. 10/23
Transient response feedback control mechanism
Three analyzed controllers
1. Integrative (I)
2. Proportional, integrative and derivative (PID)
3. Proportional double integrative (PII)
Techniques to enhance the performance of the controllers
1. Threshold levels
2. Standard deviation (STD)
âą trigger the actuation on WSS
đ¶I đ =
đđ
đ
đą[z+1]=đą[z]+đ1âđ[z]
đ¶PID đ = đ đ +
đđ
đ
+ đ đ â đ
đą[z+1]=đą[z]+đ1âđ[z]+
đ2âđ[zâ1]+đ3âđ[zâ2]
đ¶PII đ = đ đ +
đđ1
đ
+
đđ2
đ + đŒ
đą[z+1]=đ1âđą[z]+đ2âđą[zâ1]+đ3âđ[z]+
đ4âđ[zâ1]+đ5âđ[zâ2]
11. 11/23
Node
Transient response simulation analysis
Exhaustive approach:
Full analysis with all controllers and the enhanced techniques
Node
IterationsTransient[dB]
Number of controllers
analyzed:
1. I: 70
2. PID: 4096
3. PII: 4096
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0
2
4
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
0
3
6
9
12
15
17
I
PID
PII
ISTD
PIDSTD
PIISTD
I
PID
PII
ISTD
PIDSTD
PIISTD
Iteration:
âą Get information
âą Calculation
âą Application
12. 12/23
Experimental setup
âą 100km links
âą Two EDFA per link and per direction
âą 80 continuous wave lasers
âą 128Gb/s DP-QPSK channels (at 50GHz)
Node 1
Node 2
Node 3
Node 4
Node 5
WSS cardsKEY:
EDFA cards
SOM/SOD cards
Eth. switches 100-km SMF spans
ROADM node
âą SDN controller
âą EDFA gain configuration
âą lightpath establishment
âą NETCONF protocol
13. 13/23
Iterations
Transient response experimental results
Demonstration the overshoot problem for an I controller (ki = 0.4)
without STD enhance technique
5 10 15 20 25 30
-6
-2
2
6
I (sim) I (exp)
5 10 15 20 25 30
-6
-1
4
9
12
I (sim) I (exp)
Iterations
Node4Node8
Power[dBm]Power[dBm]
14. 14/23
Iterations
Transient response experimental results
Dynamic power response of the PII controller (kp= 0.05; ki1= 0.1;
ki2=0.05) with STD enhance technique for overshoot suppression
5 10 15 20 25 30
-6
-4
-2
0
2
PIISTD
(sim) PIISTD
(exp)
5 10 15 20 25 30
-6
-4
-2
0
2
PIISTD
(sim) PIISTD
(exp)
Node4Node8
Power[dBm]Power[dBm]
Iterations
Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) March 2015
15. 15/23
Adaptive EDFA algorithm
Input power
Outputpower
Measuredparam.
Power mask
Dual-optimization application
Tx
add
ROADM 1 ROADM 3
drop
Rx
Pin Measurment
Gain Search
Given: SDN control
Apply Gain
ROADM 4ROADM 2
17. 17/23
Global equalization algorithm
Dual-optimization application
Tx
add
ROADM 1 ROADM 3
drop
Rx
ROADM 4ROADM 2
1.53 1.5351.54 1.5451.55 1.5551.56-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
Wavelength
Power
1.53 1.535 1.54 1.545 1.55 1.555 1.56-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
Wavelength
Power
1.531.5351.541.5451.55 1.5551.56-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
Wavelength
Power
1.53 1.5351.54 1.5451.55 1.5551.56-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
Wavelength
Power
ï„
ï
ïœ
ï«ïœ
1
2
TOTAL
N
i
i TAA
][minTOTAL wAA TOTAL
w
ïïœï
Apply Î
T †allowed tilt?
End
Yes
No
Given: N â„ 2, W, A{1, âŠ, N - 1} , T
18. 18/23
Dual-optimization application
Adaptive EDFA algorithm Global equalization algorithm
ï„
ï
ïœ
ï«ïœ
1
2
TOTAL
N
i
i TAA
][minTOTAL wAA TOTAL
w
ïïœï
Apply Î
T †allowed tilt?
End
Yes
No
Given: N â„ 2, W, A{1, âŠ, N - 1} , T
Input power
Outputpower
Measuredparam.
Power mask
Pin Measurment
Gain Search
Given: SDN control
Apply Gain
Tx
add
ROADM 1 ROADM 3
drop
Rx
ROADM 4ROADM 2
19. 19/23
Test-bed description (SDN controller)
âą Sub Controler
âą NETCONF-modeling language
YANG models ROADM building
blocks and its interconnections
(ROADM-plugin)
âą Application Server
âą Node abstraction model
ApplicationServer
SDK-C++
SubController
NETCONF / REST
REST
REST
Adaptive EDFA Global WSS Equalization
Dual-optimization application
SDN
controller
Node
Properties
Interfaces
Property 1
Property 2
Property N
Interface 1 Interface N
Property 1
Property 2
Property N
...
...
Property 1
Property 2
Property N
...
...
Lightpath with:
Î1 = 20
Î2 = 40
Î3 = 80
20. 20/23
1530 1535 1540 1545 1550 1555 1560
10
15
20
25
30
1530 1535 1540 1545 1550 1555 1560
0
10
20
30
40
Local
Local + EDFA
Global
Global + EDFA
Dual-optimization application (experimental results)
OSNR(dB)
Wavelength (nm)
Attenuation(dB)
0 20 40 60 80 100
0
5
10
15
20
25
Local
Local + EDFA
Global
Global + EDFA
Number of channels
Lightpaths (Î) 20 40 80
Local 13,7 12,9 11,83
Local+EDFA 19,4 16,58 13,86
Global 19,43 21,52 16,43
Global+EDFA 23,3 23,79 20
Mean OSNR (dB)
Wavelength (nm)
Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) March 2015
21. 21/23
International Conference on Communications (ICC) June 2015
Collaboration activities with UTD
Estimating EDFA Output Power with an Efficient
Numerical Modeling Framework
Input power
Outputpower
Measuredparam.
Power mask
Module 1: Finer
Spectrum Granularity
Module 2: Continuous
Input Power Values
22. 22/23
One of top three scored papers in Optical Network Design and Modeling (ONDM) May 2015
Collaboration activities with UTD
Network-wide signal power control strategies in WDM networks
âą EDFA gain control
âą Ideal gain
âą Fixed gain
âą Noise Figure (NF)-based gain
âą WSS power equalization control
âą Flat output power (FP)
âą Linear tilted output power (LTP)
âą Flat OSNR (FOSNR)
âą Wavelength assignment algorithm
âą WA: High-to-low frequency First Fit
âą WA: Low-to-high frequency First Fit
Lightpath average OSNR versus offered load
WSS: Flat Power equalization,
EDFA: Fixed Gain and NF-based gain control.
with NF gain control
fixed gain
23. 23/23
Outline / Summary
Amplification
âą Automated amplifier characterizer
âą Field calibration procedure for distributed Raman amplifiers
Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer (ROADM)
âą Transient response issues in cascaded WSS-based ROADMs
SDN-based dual-optimization application
âą Adaptive EDFA algorithm
âą Global WSS equalization algorithm
Collaboration activities with UTD
âą Estimating EDFA Output Power with an Efficient Numerical Modeling Framework
âą Network-wide signal power control strategies in WDM networks
Definition of iteration
We assume that each ROADM has already a given attenuation for optical power bugdet purpose or channel equalization. So, it justufies a margin to recover from failure and appear a overshoot power.
All controllers work simultaneous and independent
More details about controllers
PII: Our contribution