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Energia Eólica

02-12-13

1
Um passado


Egipto 2800 A.C.




Pérsia 700 D.C




Primeiros moinhos de vento

Holanda época medieval





Velas de barcos

Evolução técnica
Moinho de água(Daniel Halliday)

Dinamarca séc. XIX


02-12-13

Produção de electricidade
2
Poul la Cour (1846-1908)
 Turbinas de vento para produção de

electricidade
 Fundação da sociedade “vind
elektrisitet”
 Primeiro jornal da especialidade

02-12-13

3
Principios da Fisica
 Energia (quantidade de energia capaz

de produzir trabalho)


“nada se cria nada se perde tudo se
transforma”


02-12-13

A energia cinética das moléculas de ar em
movimento pode ser convertida energia
rotacional e por sua vez em energia eléctrica
através de um gerador.

4
Uma turbina eólica

02-12-13

5
Lei de Betz
 Albert Betz


“wind energie” – 1926


02-12-13

“só é possivel converter menos de 59% da
energia cinética do vento em energia mecânica
usando uma turbina de vento”

6
Deflecção do vento nas
turbinas

Fluxo de vento através do rotor
02-12-13

7
Demonstração da Lei de Betz

02-12-13

8
Gráfico relação
energias/velocidades
Max da funcão para
V2/V1 = 1/3
P/Po= 0,59
Lei de Betz

02-12-13

9
Os Factores
 Velocidade do Vento
 Densidade do Vento
 Area do Rotor

02-12-13

10
Velocidade do Vento

02-12-13

11
Distribuição de Weibull

02-12-13

12
Distribuição de Weibull

Fig. 8 – Ilustração da distribuição de Weibull

02-12-13

13
Relação Energias Densidade

02-12-13

14
Area do Rotor

Fig. 10 – Variação da Potência produzida com a superficie do rotor.

02-12-13

15
Componentes da turbina
Fig.11-Turbina em corte;
Rotor=rotor
Pitch=passo de hélice
Gear box=caixa
velocidades
Shaft=veio
Generator=gerador
Blades=pás
Tower= torre

02-12-13

16
Acção do Vento

02-12-13

17
Acção do vento nas pás

02-12-13

18
Tipos de rotores

Fig. 13-Turbina de três pás em reparação.

02-12-13

19
Gerador

02-12-13

20
Caixa de velocidades

02-12-13

21
As torres

Fig. 17- Torre em aço tubular

02-12-13

22
Coeficiente de rendimento

02-12-13

23
O futuro

02-12-13

24
Resumo

02-12-13

25
Pesquisa por:
Afonso Figueiredo
Pedro Reis

02-12-13

26
Elaborado por:

02-12-13

27
 Afonso Figueiredo

02-12-13

28
 Ivo Martins

02-12-13

29
 Nuno Dias

02-12-13

30
 Pedro Reis

02-12-13

31

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Energia Eólica História