Poster do artigo "Avaliação de Técnicas de Controle Aplicadas a uma Plataforma Multivariável de Controle de Nível Destinado a Ensino e Pesquisa" apresentado no congresso brasileiro de automática em 2012
HYBRID FUZZY LOGIC AND PID CONTROLLER FOR PH NEUTRALIZATION PILOT PLANTijfls
Use of Control theory within process control industries has changed rapidly due to the increase complexity
of instrumentation, real time requirements, minimization of operating costs and highly nonlinear
characteristics of chemical process. Previously developed process control technologies which are mostly
based on a single controller are not efficient in terms of signal transmission delays, processing power for
computational needs and signal to noise ratio. Hybrid controller with efficient system modelling is essential
to cope with the current challenges of process control in terms of control performance. This paper presents
an optimized mathematical modelling and advance hybrid controller (Fuzzy Logic and PID) design along
with practical implementation and validation of pH neutralization pilot plant. This procedure is
particularly important for control design and automation of Physico-chemical systems for process control
industry.
Optimizing Diesel Production Using Advanced Process Control and Dynamic Simul...Márcio Garcia
This paper describes the economical and operational benefits achieved with the
use of advanced process control techniques and dynamic simulation applied to a Naphtha Splitter Column. The project consists in optimizing the Diesel blending system of Henrique Lage Renery (REVAP) located in the state of S~ao Paulo, Brazil. The control strategy was designed to maximize production rate, respecting the operational constraints. The results include an increase in the Naphtha flow stream to the Diesel blending system and improvement of the operational stability, leading to valuable economic gains. The project is also a step forward in the use of Dynamic simulation for modelling and identication, where the simulation models have shown to be representative for the inferential variables integration, adding value to the final result.
Optimization of H2 Production in a Hydrogen Generation UnitMárcio Garcia
This article presents the results of the use of advanced process control algorithm
to optimize the H2 production of Henrique Lage Renery (REVAP) located in the state of
S~ao Paulo, Brazil. The control methodology is applied to the second Hydrogen Generation
Unit (HGU) of the Renery and consists of optimizing its production in order to guarantee
the hydrogen supply for the renery's header without production loss. The designed controller
had the support of dynamic simulation for disturbances modelling and identication which
contributed for the improvement of the control strategy. The results in this paper represents
the application of the control methodology in the real plant.
Artigo abordando o controle de sistemas por meio de MPC não linear com modelo de espaço de estados. O artigo foca na busca pelo atendimento das restrições do sistema e estudo da estabilidade.
HYBRID FUZZY LOGIC AND PID CONTROLLER FOR PH NEUTRALIZATION PILOT PLANTijfls
Use of Control theory within process control industries has changed rapidly due to the increase complexity
of instrumentation, real time requirements, minimization of operating costs and highly nonlinear
characteristics of chemical process. Previously developed process control technologies which are mostly
based on a single controller are not efficient in terms of signal transmission delays, processing power for
computational needs and signal to noise ratio. Hybrid controller with efficient system modelling is essential
to cope with the current challenges of process control in terms of control performance. This paper presents
an optimized mathematical modelling and advance hybrid controller (Fuzzy Logic and PID) design along
with practical implementation and validation of pH neutralization pilot plant. This procedure is
particularly important for control design and automation of Physico-chemical systems for process control
industry.
Optimizing Diesel Production Using Advanced Process Control and Dynamic Simul...Márcio Garcia
This paper describes the economical and operational benefits achieved with the
use of advanced process control techniques and dynamic simulation applied to a Naphtha Splitter Column. The project consists in optimizing the Diesel blending system of Henrique Lage Renery (REVAP) located in the state of S~ao Paulo, Brazil. The control strategy was designed to maximize production rate, respecting the operational constraints. The results include an increase in the Naphtha flow stream to the Diesel blending system and improvement of the operational stability, leading to valuable economic gains. The project is also a step forward in the use of Dynamic simulation for modelling and identication, where the simulation models have shown to be representative for the inferential variables integration, adding value to the final result.
Optimization of H2 Production in a Hydrogen Generation UnitMárcio Garcia
This article presents the results of the use of advanced process control algorithm
to optimize the H2 production of Henrique Lage Renery (REVAP) located in the state of
S~ao Paulo, Brazil. The control methodology is applied to the second Hydrogen Generation
Unit (HGU) of the Renery and consists of optimizing its production in order to guarantee
the hydrogen supply for the renery's header without production loss. The designed controller
had the support of dynamic simulation for disturbances modelling and identication which
contributed for the improvement of the control strategy. The results in this paper represents
the application of the control methodology in the real plant.
Artigo abordando o controle de sistemas por meio de MPC não linear com modelo de espaço de estados. O artigo foca na busca pelo atendimento das restrições do sistema e estudo da estabilidade.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Poster CBA 2012
1. AVALIAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE CONTROLE UTILIZANDO UMA
PLATAFORMA MULTIVARIÁVEL DE CONTROLE DE NÍVEL
DESENVOLVIDA PARA O ENSINO E PESQUISA
¹ACBAL R. A. ACHY, ¹ADHEMAR B. FONTES, ¹MÁRCIO R. S. GARCIA, ²HERMAN A. LEPIKSON e ³IURI M. PEPE
¹Laboratório de Automação e Controle, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, ²Laboratório de Automação Industrial, Departamento de Engenharia
Mecânica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, ³Laboratório de Propriedade Óticas, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia
RESUMO RESULTADOS
Este trabalho aborda os primeiros testes e resultados obtidos na plataforma multivariável de
controle de nível didática desenvolvida na Universidade Federal da Bahia. Esta planta permiti
o estudo tanto da dinâmica de sistemas acoplados e não lineares, quanto dos modelos de
controle clássicos e modernos. Este Kit pode ser configurado para os casos SISO, MISO,
SIMO e MIMO a partir dos quais podem ser obtidos diferentes modelos e estratégias de
controle. Na validação dos primeiros resultados a plataforma foi configurada para operar no
modo MIMO utilizando duas entradas e duas saídas. Foram implementados e avaliados
algoritmos de controle preditivo generalizado multivariável (GPC), controlador PI sem
considerar o acoplamento do processo e o PI com o termo de desacoplamento. Os resultados
das análises de avaliação dos controladores foram feitos tanto para o caso servo quanto para
o caso regulador. O uso de pré-compensadores mostrou-se de grande utilidade na
amenização do esforço de controle e na possibilidade de uma estratégia de controle mais
agressiva e robusta. Todos os controladores foram avaliados por meio de métricas de Figura 3. Resposta da coluna II e esforço de controle do controlador
preditivo para o caso servo.
desempenho e obtiveram bons desempenhos.
Figura 4. Resposta da coluna III e esforço de controle do controlador
preditivo para o caso regulador.
INTRODUÇÃO
Coluna II Coluna III
Região de
operação
Figura 5. Resposta da coluna II e esforço de controle do controlador
PI desacoplado para o caso servo.
Figura 6. Resposta da coluna III e esforço de controle do
controlador PI desacoplado para o caso servo.
Tabela 2. Tabela de avaliação de desempenho dos controladores para o caso servo na coluna II
T II CASO SERVO CASO REGULADOR
Figura 1 – Planta didática multivariável de controle de nível
Contr. Tr (s) OS (%) IAE ITAE u(v) σ²u σ²ISA % IAE ITAE u(v) σ²u σ²ISA %
Bomba II Bomba III
PI 175 0 1 0,69 3,07 0,01 0,33 0,97 0,96 1,86 0,02 1,08
Figura 2 – Região de operação do sistema.
PI Des 250 0 0,99 0,69 3,06 0,01 0,33 1 1 1,96 0,01 0,51
GPC 105 0 0,97 1 3,08 0,02 0,65 0,99 0,99 1,84 0,03 1,63
MA 245 - - - - - - - - - - -
MODELO DA PLANTA E PROJETO DO CONTROLADOR
Tabela 3. Tabela de avaliação de desempenho dos controladores para o caso servo na coluna III.
Os modelos dinâmicos da planta de controle foram obtidos para a faixa de 10 a 20
cm, sendo para esta faixa, uma geometria linear na coluna II e uma geometria esférica T III CASO SERVO CASO REGULADOR
na coluna III. Estabeleceu-se o nível de operação do sistema em 15 cm.
Contr. Tr (s) OS (%) IAE ITAE u(v) σ²u σ²ISA % IAE ITAE u(v) σ²u σ²ISA %
Após os testes para obtenção da dinâmica da planta, obteve-se o seu modelo
PI 195 0 1,00 0,996 3,13 0,02 0,64 1 0,73 2,07 0,01 0,48
matemático. As equações e os erros de modelagem que descrevem seu comportamento
PI Des 200 0 1 1 2,99 0,01 0,33 0,98 0,72 2 0,01 0,50
estão em (1), (2), (3), (4).
GPC 155 0 0,98 0,992 3,14 0,03 0,96 0,92 1 1,87 0,02 1,07
31,2 10 3 s 28,44 10 5
G22 ( s) 2 (1) MA 225 - - - - - - - - - - -
s 34,2 10 3 s 27,56 10 5
Erro de modelagem de G22: 13,86%
3 5
CONCLUSÃO
27,0 10 s 42,74 10
G23 ( s) (2) Nos testes práticos evidenciou-se a diferença de comportamento entre os controladores
s 2 43,29 10 3 s 45,66 10 5
Erro de modelagem de G23: 15,25%
preditivo e os clássicos. A implantação do controle avançado teve o principal objetivo de
27,2 10 3 s 26,96 10 5
estimular os estudantes ao estudo de diferentes estratégias, pois para o caso de
G32 ( s) 2 (3)
s 33,89 10 3 s 28,39 10 5 controle de nível, controladores clássicos desempenham bem a função de controle,
Erro de modelagem de G32: 10,15% apesar de não “perceberem” a planta globalmente.
31,2 10 3 s 17,5110 5
G33 ( s) 2
s 35,0110 3 s 17,15 10 5
(4) AGRADECIMENTO
Erro de modelagem de G33: 15,11% Este trabalho contou com o apoio técnico do Instituto de Física e a Escola Politécnica da
UFBA e do apoio financeiro da Rockwell Automation.
O Controlador PI projetado apresenta, como característica em frequência a adição REFERÊNCIAS
de um pólo na origem e um zero do controlador, que foi alocado à esquerda do pólo da Achy, A. R. A., (2008). Avaliação de Técnicas de Controle Aplicadas a um Kit Didático Multivariável
planta. Para diminuir o acoplamento do sistema implementou-se um PI com filtro de de Controle de Nível. Trabalho Final de Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade
desacoplamento, de acordo com Shinskey (1989). O controlador PI discreto foi Federal da Bahia, Salvador-Ba.
implantado para que se pudesse comparar igualmente a resposta do sistema tanto para Campos, M. C. M. M., Teixeira H. C. G., (2006). “Controladores Típicos de Equipamentos e
o controlador clássico quanto para o GPC MIMO. A tabela 1 mostra os parâmetros de Processos Industriais”, 1 ed., Ed. Edgard Blücher, São Paulo, Brasil, 396 p.
configuração dos controladores avaliados. Fontes, A. B. (2002). Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de Controladores Preditivos Baseados em
Modelos Bilineares. Tese de Doutoramento em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal
Tabela 1. Parâmetros dos controladores PI e tempo de resposta.
do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN.
PI PI discreto GPC MIMO Pasamontes, M.; Álvarez, J. D.; Guzmán, J. L.;Berenguel, M. (2012). "Learning Switching Control: A
Parâmetros PIII PIIII PIII PIIII Tank Level-Control Exercise". IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION, VOL. 55, NO. 2, MAY
2012.
KC 14 6 2,85 2,61 ---
Shinskey (1989). Process Control Systems. McGraw-Hill, ed 3, New York.
KI 0.014 0.032 -2,565 -2,276 --- CONTATO
Ny --- --- --- --- 15 acbal.achy@gmail.com/ adhemar@ufba.br/ marcio.garcia@radixeng.com.br/ herman@ufba.br/ lapo.if@gmail.com.
[λ1,λ2] --- --- --- --- [8,1] ENDEREÇO
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DA BAHIA
[Q1,Q2] --- --- --- --- [1,1] Laboratório de Automação e Controle; Centro de Capacitação Tecnológica em Automação Industrial e Laboratório de
Propriedades Óticas
TR 95s 194s 185s 194s [80;100] Rua Aristides Novis, 02, Federação,
CEP 40210-630, Salvador - Bahia – Brasil. Telefone: +55-71-3283-9499 / 9755 / 6619