This article aims to present the contribution of astronomy and, in particular, the James Webb telescope to the advancement of knowledge about the Universe. Astronomy is the study of the Universe that exists beyond Earth's atmosphere. This includes objects that can be seen with the naked eye, such as the Sun, Moon, planets and stars. It also includes celestial bodies that can only be observed with telescopes or other instruments, such as distant galaxies and small particles, and it also includes things we cannot see, such as dark matter and dark energy. The main goal of the James Webb Telescope is to peer into the past, looking back a few hundred thousand years after the Big Bang. One of the James Webb Telescope's key abilities is its ability to look back through time to the beginning of the Universe, observing the first galaxies and stars. The telescope, which is 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, has already spotted the most distant and oldest galaxy found so far. The James Webb Telescope also made the first detection of a “molecule of life”. The James Webb super telescope, with its great discoveries, shows the importance of the telescope by revealing, with unexpected speed, a series of information that can call cosmological theories into question.