COMPUTER SCIENCE CAMBRIDGE

1. 3D Printers
3D PRINTERS are primarily used in COMPUTER-
AIDED DESIGN (CAD) applications.
• They can produce solid objects which actually
work.
• The solid object is built up layer by layer
• using materials such as powdered resin,
powdered metal, paper or ceramic powder.

2. COMPUTER-AIDED
DESIGN
• Computer-aided design is the use of
computers to aid in the creation, modification,
analysis, or optimization of a design.
• CAD software is used to increase the
productivity of the designer, improve the
quality of design, improve communications
through documentation, and to create a
database for manufacturing.

3. Examples of CAD software
• AutoCAD, 3ds Max, and Maya —
commercial CAD software titles published by
Autodesk.
• Blender — an open-source CAD, animation,
and image processing application with an
active community of users.
• Sketch Up — a proprietary CAD application
that runs in a web browser, formerly
developed by Google.

4. CAD( COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN)
• CAD, or computer-aided design, is a form
of computer technology that assists in the
drawing and technical drafting of products
and even buildings. ... In order to generate the
actual model, CAM works alongside CAD—
using CAD designs, CAM uses numerical
coding to run the machine that creates the
product.

5. Why is CAD better than drawing by
hand?
These tools also help in producing designs with
high accuracy like in Shop Drawings and the
scope for errors is much lower when compared
to hand drawing.
Modifying the CAD geometry is easy with all the
tools available. Correcting any errors is much
quicker when compared to using a pencil and
paper.

6. 3D Printers
• Powdered Resin
• Powdered Metal
• Paper or Ceramic Powder.
• https://formlabs.com/asia/3d-printers/

7. FEATURES OF 3D PRINTING:
3D printers use
• ADDITIVE manufacturing
• SUBTRACTIVE manufacturing
• CNC machining
• Direct 3D printing uses inkjet technology;
• Binder 3D printing is similar to direct 3d
printing

8. 3D printers use ADDITIVE
manufacturing
• Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D
printing, is a transformative approach to
industrial production that enables the
creation of lighter, stronger parts and systems.
It is yet another technological advancement
made possible by the transition from analog
to digital processes

9. What materials can be used in
additive manufacturing?
• Three types of materials can be used in
additive manufacturing: polymers, ceramics
and metals. All seven individual AM processes,
cover the use of these materials, although
polymers are most commonly used and
some additive techniques lend themselves
towards the use of certain materials over
others.

10. What is an example of additive
manufacturing?
• 3D printing is one form of AM. ...
Additive manufacturing uses data computer-aided-
design (CAD) software or 3D object scanners to
direct hardware to deposit material, layer upon
layer, in precise geometric shapes.”
• “As its name implies, additive
manufacturing adds material to create an object.

11. ADDITIVE manufacturing

12. SUBTRACTIVE manufacturing
• What is subtractive manufacturing? Definition and
examples
• Subtractive manufacturing or subtractive fabrication
involves cutting away from a solid block of material. It
could be a block of, for example, metal, plastic, or
wood. A milling machine cutting/hollowing out a piece
of metal or plastic is an example of subtractive
manufacturing.
• Subtractive manufacturing by manually cutting the
material is also possible. In fact, before the industrial
revolution, that was how most of it was done.

13. SUBTRACTIVE manufacturing

15. CNC MACHINING
The term CNC stands for
computer numerical
control and the CNC
machining definition is
that it is a subtractive
manufacturing process wh
ich typically employs
computerized controls
and machine tools to
remove layers of material
from a stock piece—
known as the blank or
workpiece—and produces
a custom-designed part.

16. Direct 3D printing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGajFRaS834
• Direct 3D printing uses inkjet technology.
• Direct 3D printing employs jet techniques,
which is used in 2D printing since the 1960s.
Just as in a 2D printer, nozzles of a 3D
printer move to and from to distribute the
liquid. However 3D printer nozzles or
the printing side go up- and downward, so lots
of layers over the same surface appear.

17. Applications of Direct 3D Printing
• Five Industries Utilizing 3D Printing
• Aerospace. The aerospace industry has some of
the highest standards in part performance. ...
• Automotive. The automotive industry has been
charging ahead with additive manufacturing, with
high-profile companies such as Audi using 3D
printers. ...
• Manufacturing. ...
• Robotics. ...
• Education.
For more applications
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_
3D_printing

18. Binder 3D printing
Binder 3D printing is similar to direct 3D printing
There are two passes for each of the layer
• Spray dry power ink
• Pass a binder(a type of glue) in sprayed
Newer technologies are using
• Laser
• UV light
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97doBH9jSXY

19. To create solid object using 3D printer

21. Activity 5.9 from book
• Do search on the internet to find new and
innovative 3d printer applications
• Have a class discussion on how these printers
could herald the start of a new “industrial
revolution”