1. 1
Intelligent Skin Color ModelIntelligent Skin Color Model
Selection for Face DetectionSelection for Face Detection
Setiawan Hadi, Adang Suwandi A,
Iping Supriana S, Farid Wazdi
Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
IntroductionIntroduction
• Face detection is a preprocessing step of
facial recognition system (Essential)
IntroductionIntroduction
• Goal: localize face(s) in digital image and/or in
real time video
Our Research ApproachOur Research Approach
• Skin-based face detection
• Skin color is represented in three color space (rg,
HSB and YCbCr)
• Using nine skin color models, generated
mathematically from various face images
• Apply statistical-based detection threshold for
skin detection
• Use projection-based approach for evaluation
criteria of skin model selection
• Implement spatial and morphological filtering
approach for enhancing face image
• Using k-means for multiple face localization in
image and apply 4-neigbourhood ellipse
representation for cropping the targeted face
• Using local face databases for experiment

2. 2
General FrameworkGeneral Framework
Face DatabasesFace Databases
For Generating Skin ModelsFor Generating Skin Models
Skin Color ModelsSkin Color Models Histogram of generatedHistogram of generated skin color modelskin color model

3. 3
Statistics of Skin ModelsStatistics of Skin Models ThresholdingThresholding
FilteringFiltering Filter SettingsFilter Settings

4. 4
SkinSkin DetectionDetection
Algorithm
w h e re P s k in ( i, j ) is p ro b a b ility o f
p ix e l P a s s k in p ix e l if in c lu d e d
in d is t r ib u t io n s k in m o d e l D M k
fo r e v e ry c o lo u r s p a c e s R n
.
Pskin(i, j) = Pskin(i, j) ∈ DMk
∀ P(i, j) ∧ ∀ Rn
Numerical result of detectionNumerical result of detection ProjectionProjection--based Detectionbased Detection

5. 5
KK--MeansMeans ResultResult
ConclusionConclusion
• A combined algorithm for detecting faces in an image has
been proposed and successfully implemented using multiple
face image
• A simple evaluation criteria for skin model selection, based on
image profiling in horizontal and vertical projection, has been
experimented.
• Nine skin models have been explored and used in the
experiment for selecting the best model that give the best face
detection result.
• Several preprocessing steps in image processing such
statistical thresholding using empirical and Chebyshev’s rules,
filtering using sand and pepper noise filtering have been
implemented and can be used for enhancement of the
targeted image
• Face localization technique based on intelligence k-means
clustering algorithm has been implemented successfully.
Intelligent Skin Color ModelIntelligent Skin Color Model
Selection for Face DetectionSelection for Face Detection
Setiawan Hadi, Adang Suwandi A,
Iping Supriana S, Farid Wazdi
Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia