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Hewitt’s
Human Capital
Consulting
In partnership with
The State of
Talent Management:
Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Human Capital Institute | Hewitt Associates | October 2008
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Hewitt Associates
For more than 65 years, Hewitt Associates (NYSE: HEW) has provided clients
with best-in-class human resources (HR) consulting and outsourcing services.
Hewitt consults with more than 3,000 large and mid-size companies around
the globe to develop and implement HR business strategies covering
retirement, financial and health management; compensation and total
rewards; and performance, talent, and change management. As a market
leader in benefits administration, Hewitt delivers health care and retirement
programs to millions of participants and retirees on behalf of more than
300 organizations worldwide. In addition, more than 30 clients rely on
Hewitt to provide a broader range of HR business process outsourcing
services to nearly a million client employees. Located in 33 countries,
Hewitt employs approximately 23,000 associates. For more information,
please visit www.hewitt.com.
For specific questions regarding this report, please send email to:
humancapitalconsulting@hewitt.com.
Human Capital Institute
The Human Capital Institute (HCI) is a catalyst for innovative new thinking
in talent acquisition, development, deployment and new economy
leadership. Through research and collaboration, our global network of
more than 130,000 members develops and promotes creativity, best and
next practices, and actionable solutions in strategic talent management.
Executives, practitioners, and thought leaders representing organizations
of all sizes, across public, charitable and government sectors, utilize HCI
communities, education, events and research to foster talent advantages
to ensure organizational change for competitive results. In tandem with
these initiatives, HCI’s Human Capital Strategist professional certifications
and designations set the bar for expertise in talent strategy, acquisition,
development and measurement. www.humancapitalinstitute.org.
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Table of Contents
Research Highlights: Talent Challenges of Today...................................................... 1
The State of Talent Management.............................................................................. 5
Talent Strategy........................................................................................................... 6
Workforce Planning and Talent Acquisition............................................................. 10
Capability Development and Performance ............................................................ 15
Leadership and High Potential Development......................................................... 20
Talent Analytics........................................................................................................ 25
Recommendations for the Future............................................................................ 29
Acknowledgements................................................................................................. 33
About the Research................................................................................................. 34
1
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Research Highlights: Talent Challenges of Today
Companies today face formidable talent challenges. The ability to sustain a steady supply
of critical talent is a challenge facing all organizations — worldwide. Among the issues
impacting the “next generation” workforce are impending skill shortages, an increasingly
cross-generational and diverse workforce, the need for knowledge transfer from retiring
baby boomers, and significant leadership gaps. Intense cost pressure from both traditional
and emerging competitors, new markets, and more demanding customers are additional
elements that give a new sense of urgency to the concept of talent management.
At a time when organizations need to optimize their workforces, most agree that talent
management is of strategic importance. To evaluate the extent to which companies act on
that belief, Hewitt Associates and the Human Capital Institute undertook a comprehensive
study seeking to assess the state of talent management practices in companies today.
About the Study
The research provides results from both a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews. The
survey was designed to gauge the maturity level of a comprehensive set of talent practices;
that is, the extent to which an organization’s practices are sophisticated, progressive, practical
and well executed. This enabled us to identify strength and challenges in talent management
and key areas of focus for the future. Nearly 700 senior-level talent leaders (both HR and
non-HR) participated in the study. Through supplemental in-depth interviews, we captured
innovative practices at select companies with more developed talent management practices.
This combination of quantitative survey data and qualitative interview results helped shape a
better understanding of the complex issues surrounding talent management today.
The growing recognition that the quality talent is a
sustainable competitive advantage, coupled with a realistic
view of the complexity and scope of changes in the global
workforce, has led to a renewed focus and urgency around
talent management. Based on nearly 700 responses,
human resources (HR) and business leaders overwhelmingly
identified “attracting and retaining skilled and professional
workers” as the workforce challenge most impacting their
organizational strategy. ”Developing manager capability,”
”retaining high performers,”“developing succession pool
depth,” and “addressing shortages of management or
leadership talent” closely followed.
Top 5 Workforce Challenges
1. Attracting and retaining
skilled professional workers
2. Developing manager
capability
3. Retaining high performers
4. Developing succession pool
depth
5. Addressing shortages of
management or leadership
talent
2
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
In today’s uncertain economic environment, it’s important that organizations address
talent issues promptly, but it’s equally important that they get them right — the first time.
There’s little room for trial and error, as all initiatives are expected to produce solid financial
results. Unfortunately, most companies are still struggling to institutionalize effective talent
management practices and programs.
Positive Results
Based on the results of this research, our collective experience, and prior research findings,
we believe that organizations are indeed improving their talent management capabilities.
The skills, performance, engagement, adaptability, and continuity of an organization’s
workforce are indisputably a core competitive advantage and prerequisite for sustained
financial success. Increasingly, organization leaders, starting with top officers, understand the
business payback of focusing on getting these things right. As a result, the advances being
made in talent management can be attributed to the following:
Senior Leaders Recognize Superior Talent as a Business Advantage: Senior leaders
do “get it.” In nine out of ten organizations, they believe superior talent provides a
vital competitive advantage. They increasingly recognize the critical linkage between
effective talent management and business success.
Focus on Talent Management: The pressure to attract and retain key talent has led
organizations to expend increased energy and resources on talent-related initiatives
over the past half-decade. Significant progress has been made on a variety of talent
management fronts — from getting foundational programs in place to creating and
deploying new programs, such as high potential development, leadership development,
and succession planning. However, most of the progress has been made in the
executive ranks, with less focus beyond the highest management levels.
Leadership Involvement: The need for more leadership involvement in talent
management is driven by the criticality of talent strategy development, articulation, and
execution. Some business leaders are starting to play an increasingly visible and active
role in talent management, understanding that their practices must be aligned with
these talent strategies in order to have a direct impact on workforce engagement and
performance.
3
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Opportunities for Improvement
Although organizations have made significant progress raising awareness and attention to
talent management and implementing foundational programs, these efforts have not led
to well-executed talent management programs that are aligned with business priorities.
Organizations still lag in their ability to integrate talent management programs and evaluate
the return on their talent investments. The reasons are many, including:
Human Capital is Not Sufficiently Aligned With Business Strategy: While senior leaders
clearly recognize the importance of human capital, a number of companies struggle to
connect their people practices with their business imperatives. Only 17% of respondents
say their workforce strategy is consistently aligned with their business strategy across the
organization, while even fewer (7%) report consistently utilizing a specific quantitative
framework in which investments in talent management are aligned with business results.
Lack of Accountability and Capability for Talent Development: While most organizations
hold their executives and managers accountable for achieving business results, they are
not being held accountable for talent development. Few organizations consistently hold
managers (7%) or senior executives (10%) accountable for developing their direct reports.
Furthermore, most managers lack the basic capability to develop talent effectively. Just
5% of organizations say their managers have the skills to grow people in their jobs or to
provide the constructive feedback that supports and encourages employee development
consistently across the organization.
Inconsistent Execution and Integration of Talent Programs: The majority of companies
report having fundamental processes for talent management in place, such as basic
workforce planning, development programs for high potential employees, and
succession planning. However, few consistently execute these programs across the entire
organization. While slightly more than two-thirds (69%) of companies say they conduct
workforce planning across all divisions and business units, fewer than one-fifth (15%) do so
consistently. Furthermore, only 21% of companies consistently integrate talent practices
across the organization (e.g., rewards are tied to performance; performance is tied to
development).
Limited Use of Meaningful Talent Analytics: Data and analysis have long played a role in
driving business decisions; yet when it comes to talent analytics, most organizations have
a long way to go. Mired in tracking traditional workforce measures, such as headcount,
turnover, and cost-based metrics, few have graduated to tracking the metrics that
matter. Fewer than 10% of responding companies measure the effectiveness of talent
management programs, track the quality of talent, or use specific quantitative frameworks
to align human capital investments with their business strategy.
.
4
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Select Companies are Leading the Way
There are exceptions, of course. Despite the monumental challenges facing organizations, a
few select companies have made significant strides in managing talent. What sets them apart
is their dedication and commitment to talent management and the creative, comprehensive
approach they take to developing their people in the following ways:
Depth and Consistency of Practices: Talent management is given top priority at these
companies — and it shows. Specific programs, such as talent reviews and succession
planning, are institutionalized throughout the organization, ensuring they are implemented
and integrated consistently across businesses, geographies, and employee segments.
Managers are taught how to develop employees, and talent programs are pushed deeper
into the organization to reach a broader group of employees.
Higher Commitment and Accountability for Talent Development: Abandoning the
belief that talent management is solely HR’s domain, these organizations consider it a
shared business and HR responsibility requiring active engagement, commitment, and
accountability from leaders and managers. From the CEO down, these business leaders
not only emphasize the importance of talent management, but are also actively engaged in
the processes. Additionally, they hold themselves responsible and accountable in tangible
ways for developing the next generation of talent across the entire organization — not just
at the leadership level.
Progressive and Innovative Practices: Never satisfied with the status quo, these
organizations are consistently investing in new ways to manage talent. Approaches vary
widely, but examples include progressive approaches to workforce planning, innovative
employer branding strategies, and more comprehensive efforts related to onboarding
and development of high potential employees. Some leading organizations are using
sophisticated predictive analytics to help drive strategic human capital decisions and
ensure that those decisions are aligned with the business strategy.
While most organizations still struggle to manage their talent effectively, select employers are
leading the way. They serve as role models to those who are struggling to build core talent
management capability by holding leaders and managers accountable for talent initiatives,
driving greater consistency in talent programs globally, and continually seeking new and
progressive ways to manage talent. The increased adoption of these approaches to talent
management point to an evolutionary trend toward better practices overall.
This report identifies the talent challenges that exist today, summarizes key findings from
the research, and draws examples of innovative talent practices from select companies.
Recommendations based on the research provide a foundation upon which companies can
build and strengthen their talent management capability to meet the business challenges of
the future.
5
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
5
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Today’s fast-paced, global business environment, coupled with the ever-
growing challenge of a rapidly changing workforce, requires a well-planned,
rigorous approach to talent management. Fortunately, both HR and business
leaders recognize that talent is a critical driver of business performance. It
comes as no surprise then that talent management practices are often cited
as a key strategic priority. However, the execution of these practices is where
companies often fall short.
To gain a better understanding of the state of talent management, we
examined current practices in five specific areas: Talent Strategy; Workforce
Planning and Talent Acquisition; Capability Development  Performance;
Leadership and High Potential Development; and Talent Analytics.
Using this framework, we examined talent management practices holistically
— from initial strategy through measurement practices. We looked at all
major areas related to how organizations acquire, develop, retain, and
reward employees. Beyond prevalence, we examined the sophistication of
such programs and the effectiveness of their execution. Finally, we analyzed
the extent of alignment; that is, how an organization’s talent management
strategy aligns with its business goals and how individual talent management
programs and processes connect to one another.
The State of
Talent Management
Talent Strategy
Talent Analytics
Workforce
Planning  Talent
Acquisition
Capability
Development 
Performance
Leadership 
High Potential
Development
6
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Talent management is a complex discipline, encompassing a wide array of
programs and processes. For such initiatives to be successful, a concrete
talent strategy must serve as a constant guide, providing direction for how
the organization will acquire, develop, and retain employees, while always
reflecting the key business goals of the organization. Successful companies
embed their talent strategy into the overall strategic planning process,
integrating individual programs and practices to ensure they are all driving
toward the same set of objectives.
Senior leaders value talent, but there is limited alignment with business
strategy
No strategy can be effective without the support of senior leadership —
and talent management is certainly no exception. In the past, HR struggled
to convince business leaders to invest their time and money in talent
management. Today, the challenge is not just whether to invest resources in
talent management, but also how to identify what talent practices provide
the greatest return; where leaders can most effectively spend their time
developing people; and how to drive greater consistency, integration, and
alignment of talent practices with the business strategy.
Without a doubt, senior leadership plays a key role in creating a culture
that supports talent development. This belief was strongly echoed by our
survey respondents, with 92% agreeing that their senior leaders see superior
talent as providing a vital competitive advantage. At Humana, for example,
CEO Michael McCallister clearly demonstrates the importance of aligning
the company’s consumerism strategy with human capital. He is credited
with fostering a culture of growth and development. By providing visible
support and commitment, he instills a “talent mindset” throughout the
organization — that is, a deep conviction that the best and brightest will
create shareholder value.
Many more CEOs today are active champions for talent management and
they and their leadership teams try to foster talent cultures within their
organizations. At McDonalds, a Hewitt Top Companies for Leaders winner,
CEO Jim Skinner has designated talent management and leadership
development as one of his top three priorities. It’s a commitment he
embraces in his everyday actions. At every opportunity, he espouses
the importance of talent and leadership development, both in regular
communications and when speaking publicly.
Key Findings in Talent
Strategy and Planning
Senior leaders value talent,
but there is limited alignment
with business strategy
Consistent execution and
integration of talent practices
continues to fall short
Organizations are building
stronger employment brands
as part of their talent strategy
Talent Strategy
7
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
In these select companies, the alignment and integration of workforce
strategies with business strategy underscores the high priority that
companies are placing on talent management. Granted, not all organizations
have managed to successfully translate leadership’s belief in talent
management into concrete actions that are linked to the business. While over
three-quarters (78%) of companies report aligning and integrating workforce
strategies with their overall business strategy to some or a considerable
degree, just 17% say they are doing so consistently across the organization.
Some attention is being placed on the identification of critical roles as part
of this alignment process. More companies today recognize that they have
limited dollars to spend on talent management and are looking for ways
to get the highest value from their investment. One way of doing this is to
identify future critical roles that will have the greatest impact on business
success and focus planning efforts more heavily on these roles. Today, 42%
of companies are identifying critical roles and capabilities to a considerable
degree within their organizations, but only 17% are doing this consistently
across the organization. This inability to consistently identify future skill
requirements creates challenges for organizations trying to build capability.
Figure 5: Degree of Alignment
and Integration of Workforce
Strategy with Business Strategy
Figure 6: Degree to Which
Critical Roles and Capabilities
are Identified
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
To Some
Degree
Not at All To a
Considerable
Degree
Consistently
Across the
Organization
40%
38%
4%
17%
0
10
20
30
40
50
Consistently
Across the
Organization
To a
Considerable
Degree
To Some
Degree
Not at All
42%
38%
3%
17%
8
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Consistent execution and integration of talent practices continues
to fall short
While most companies have fundamental talent management processes
in place, few have managed to consistently execute and integrate such
capabilities across the organization. Just 13% report consistent execution
of talent management practices across all regions in which they operate. In
addition, little is being done to integrate talent practices with other talent
initiatives (e.g., tying rewards to performance). According to our survey, only
21% of companies do so consistently.
Through our broader research, we have found that companies with more
mature talent practices are driving better integration and consistency
through a combination of approaches including:
1) Investing in robust talent management technology solutions coupled
with process redesign;
2) More clearly defining corporate and field HR roles for designing and
delivering talent solutions, including greater use of talent specialists (in
some cases business partners) in the field to help improve integration;
and
3) Implementing global centers of excellence for talent management to
improve the coordination and consistency of practices across regions
and businesses.
Figure 7: Degree to Which
Organizations Execute and Align
Talent Practices
Not at
All
To Some
Degree
To a
Considerable
Degree
Consistently
Across the
Organization
Execute consistent talent
management practices across all
regions in which you operate
11% 45% 31% 13%
Integrate talent practices (e.g.,
rewards are tied to performance;
performance is tied to
development)
6% 38% 35% 21%
9
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Organizations are building stronger employment brands as part of
their talent strategy
Leading organizations have clearly defined employment brands that
include a strong focus on diversity and corporate social responsibility. As
part of their brands, these companies also clearly define the values and
behaviors that they expect from people in the organization. Recognizing
that a compelling employment brand is critical to becoming an employer
of choice, organizations are building employment brands as a long-term
solution for attracting the best quality applicants. More than one-half (60%)
of survey participants report having a clearly established and well-defined
employment brand, and 50% say they believe their employment brand
provides a clearly differentiated competitive advantage that attracts and
retains the best talent. In a sign that employment branding is working, nearly
one-half (46%) of respondents report that their leaders and managers can
describe the brand in consistent terms.
Closely linked to a strong employment brand is a clearly defined set of
values that signal what an organization considers important. Here, the
majority of organizations (88%) report having a clearly articulated set of
values. Increasingly, these values include cultivating an inclusive work
environment, an endeavor that has been embraced by the vast majority of
organizations. Two-thirds (67%) of companies are actively working to develop
and sustain a culture of diversity and inclusion, while 24% report doing so
consistently across the organization.
Increasingly, employers are coming to understand that a winning strategy
includes a compelling employment brand, an inclusive work environment,
and the foundation of strong values. Without these key components, it will
be nearly impossible to succeed in today’s talent market.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Our employment brand provides a
clearly differentiated competitive advantage
that attracts and retains the best talent
All of our leaders and managers
would describe our employment brand
in consistent terms
We have a clearly established and
well-defined employment brand
50%
50%
46%
54%
60%
40%
Agree
Disagree
Figure 8: Employment Brand
10
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Both workforce planning and talent acquisition are critical links in an
organization’s talent supply chain. Some companies are using increasingly
sophisticated approaches to workforce planning and talent acquisition
as part of their strategic business planning process. Successful workforce
planning and talent acquisition initiatives focus on meeting both the
short- and long-term workforce needs. These areas are often the most
visible services that HR provides, yet many HR organizations struggle with
developing an effective approach that meets business needs.
Some companies are investing heavily in building workforce planning
and talent acquisition capability, but most organizations approach these
areas in limited ways — focusing primarily on meeting the talent needs
of today, with very little emphasis on tomorrow. While most organizations
have foundational recruiting programs and processes in place, workforce
planning and talent acquisition processes are often not integrated and
technology is underutilized. Despite these challenges, most organizations
report being able to attract the talent they need.
Workforce planning in most organizations is short-term focused,
although some companies are becoming more strategic
Effective workforce planning requires a clear understanding of what talent
is currently in place and what is required to be successful in the future. By
matching future demand to current supply, organizations can effectively
identify their hiring needs and use these projections to inform their sourcing
efforts. While 69% of companies say they conduct workforce planning
broadly across all divisions and business units to some or a considerable
degree, only 15% report doing so consistently throughout the organization.
Most workforce planning efforts focus on top executive, management,
and critical roles. Thirty to forty percent of the companies surveyed report
using workforce planning to forecast the supply and demand of talent in
these roles for one to two years in advance, and 33% of companies report
forecasting top executive talent needs three or more years in advance.
However, below the senior leadership level, few companies are looking out
beyond two years to identify the kind of skills and capabilities needed to
support the business long-term. Only one out of ten companies forecasts its
Key Findings in Workforce
Planning and
Talent Acquisition
Workforce planning in most
companies is short-term
focused, although some
companies are becoming
more strategic
Talent Acquisition
fundamentals are in place but
there is plenty of room for
improvement
Despite challenges, most
companies report being able
to attract the talent they need
Workforce Planning and
Talent Acquisition
11
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
talent requirements for front line management and critical non-management
roles three or more years into the future. Remarkably, at least one-fifth of all
companies do not forecast supply and demand for any employee segment.
While these findings show limited use of workforce planning, a small, but
innovative group of organizations are using more advanced workforce
planning techniques, such as leveraging predictive workforce analytics to
anticipate both supply and demand for key skills and capabilities. John
Deere, for example, has adopted a sophisticated forecasting process for
projecting its internal supply of talent in key areas. Employing simulation
software adapted from its engineering group, the company factors in
historical trends with retirements and resignations, using an algorithm
to project retirement patterns. Drilling down relatively deeply into the
organization, John Deere is able to more accurately project supply,
particularly for specific critical skill sets. This process has proven to be an
effective means of forecasting which skills and capabilities will be needed to
meet business requirements up to five years into the future.
Figure 9: Forecasting the
Supply and Demand for Skills
(Years in Advance)
30%
25%
29%
36%
21%
24%
21%
14%
26%
3–5 years
1–2 years
Less than 1 year
No forecast
More than 5 years
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Critical Non-Management
Roles (Product
Development,
Scientist, IT, etc.)
Front Line Management
(Manager, Supervisor,
or Equivalent)
Senior Management
(SVP, VP, Directors,
or Equivalent)
Top Executive Talent
(Business Unit Leaders)
2%
8%
27%
19%
34%
10%
1%
18%
5%
11%
7%
12
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Talent acquisition fundamentals are in place, but there is plenty of
room for improvement
Most organizations have the fundamental aspects of talent acquisition firmly
in place, including processes to ensure compliance, incentives for employee
referrals, and internal job posting mechanisms.
However, few organizations have well-integrated talent acquisition
processes or are effectively leveraging technology. A mere 16% of
organizations consistently use technology to automate their recruiting
processes. Their shortcomings don’t stop there, as little is being done to
integrate talent acquisition practices with other talent initiatives. While
68% of organizations make considerable use of competency-based hiring,
just 12% of organizations consistently link candidate screening criteria to
other talent management processes, such as performance management,
development, and succession planning.
Despite challenges, most companies report being able to attract the
talent they need
Nonetheless, most organizations believe their talent acquisition efforts
are paying off. The majority (73%) feel they are successful in consistently
attracting high-quality candidates. Even more encouraging, 82% report that
these candidates typically accept their job offers. Organizations are less
certain that their future supply of candidates will meet their stated diversity
goals. However, these findings indicate a high degree of satisfaction with the
outcomes of their talent acquisition processes.
Figure 10: Fundamental Talent
Acquisition Practices
0 20 40 60 80 100
We have processes in place that
ensure compliance with government
regulations and laws
We provide incentives for employees
to refer candidates
We have an effective internal job posting
process and policy that facilitates growth
and movement within the organization
79%
98%
70%
30%
21%
2%
Agree
Disagree
13
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
This is certainly good news, but it is important to note that the talent
acquisition process does not end with attracting quality candidates. It is
equally critical to have a comprehensive approach to assimilating new hires.
Unfortunately, this is an area where we have discovered companies to be
faltering:
Only 20% consistently use a systematic onboarding process for new
hires across the entire organization.
54% do not offer networking, mentoring, or job support for the first
6- to 12- months of employment.
45% of organizations report an inability to maintain a high level of
engagement with new hires during their first year.
Figure 12: Attracting Quality
Candidates
0 20 40 60 80 100
We consistently attract
high quality applicants
Our high quality applicants
tend to accept our job offers
We have a strong pipeline
of diverse candidates
40%
73%
82%
18%
60%
27%
Agree
Disagree
Figure 11: Use of Technology
and Integration
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Link candidate screening criteria
to other talent management processes
such as performance management,
development, and succession planning
Interview job applicants using
competency-based and/or
behaviorally-based techniques
Leverage recruitment
technologyin all aspects of
the recruitment process
16%
29%
38%
16%
29%
39%
25%
7%
23%
12%
25%
39%
Consistently across
the organization
To a considerable
degree
To some degree
Not at all
14
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Given the importance of having the right talent in place — as well as the high
cost of recruiting new employees — it is critical for organizations to place
significant emphasis on their onboarding and assimilation efforts to ensure
retention during the first 12 months and beyond.
While most organizations struggle in this area, select organizations are
applying more proactive approaches to improve onboarding and assimilation.
One company we interviewed recently launched an onboarding Web site
designed to introduce new hires to the organization. In addition to a welcome
message from the CEO, it provides information about the company’s history
and leadership principles. New hires can take a virtual tour of the office and
access information about the orientation process, as well as a set of checklists
for the first 90 days. The site also features corresponding manager checklists
to ensure that managers are clear about their role in the onboarding process.
Seeking feedback on the onboarding experience, they ask new hires to
complete an evaluation after one month and then again after four months.
That information is then used to make improvements to the program. The
company reports very limited turnover during the first year of employment,
an accomplishment which it attributes in large part to the effectiveness of the
onboarding program.
15
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Achieving sustained organizational performance through the development
of a capable workforce lies at the very heart of talent management.
Unfortunately, most companies aren’t very good at it. More than one-half
(56%) of the respondents in our study do not feel their organization is
effective at developing the capability of their employees. Outside of the
leadership ranks, capability development occurs sporadically — and with
limited accountability. Further, most organizations do not believe that their
managers have the capabilities needed to manage and develop talent.
Employees are not getting sufficient guidance on how to develop their
skills and grow in the organization. The lack of accountability for developing
talent below executive levels, coupled with managers’ lack of capability
to develop talent, are key drivers of the struggle many organizations have
effectively and consistently executing talent management practices.
Lack of accountability and capability for workforce development
Organizations successful at building capability and bench strength
demonstrate the value of employee development. Commitment starts at
the top and permeates all management levels. These leading organizations
are truly on the front lines of talent development — guiding, rewarding,
inspiring, and growing their talent pools. According to Hewitt’s Top
Companies for Leaders study1
, leaders and managers in Top Companies
spend significant amounts of time on talent development. In the vast
majority of Top Companies, leaders (including the CEO and Board) spend
at least 20% of their time developing talent. Granted, much of this focus
is driven by a sense of accountability, as 70% of Top Companies hold their
leaders formally accountable for developing talent. At American Express, for
example, 25% of the senior leadership team’s annual incentive is based on
their performance against specific talent and employee objectives.
Here, our research reveals some interesting differences in the focus on
accountability for results versus accountability for development. The vast
majority of organizations agreed that senior executives and managers are
held accountable for achieving business results (88% and 87%, respectively).
However, this focus on results does not extend to the workforce capability
development needed to support organizational priorities. Only 10% of
organizations consistently hold senior executives accountable for developing
Capability Development
and Performance
Key Findings in Capability
Development and
Performance
Lack of accountability and
capability for workforce
development
Select organizations
directly tackle capability
development challenges
Reward differentiation is
still more of a concept than
a reality
1
Hewitt Associates, Top Companies
for Leaders 2007: North American
Highlights, October 2007
16
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
their direct reports, and just 7% do so with managers. Organizations may
be saying that developing talent is important, but they fail to follow through
with visible actions, rewards, or consequences.
This lack of accountability for talent development is compounded by
significant shortfalls in managerial capability. Just 26% of organizations
believe their managers have the skills and capabilities to grow people in
their jobs to a considerable degree, and only 5% believe their managers
demonstrate this ability consistently across their organization. When asked
if managers provide ongoing developmental feedback to employees,
respondents reported similar results.
In most organizations, the responsibility for employee development is
shared between employees and managers. While companies are making
it easier for employees to take charge of their own development, they are
under-investing in manager capability and resources to develop employee
capability. Fewer than one-half (49%) of companies indicate that every
employee has an individual development plan, and just 48% feel that
employees have a clear picture of the skills they should build to support
business growth. In addition, many organizations struggle with providing
Figure 13: Leadership and
Manager Accountability
Figure 14: Manager Capability to
Develop Employees
Not at all
To some degree
To a considerable
degree
Consistently across
the organization
0 20 40 60 80 100
Managers accountable for
developing their direct reports
through the performance
management process
Senior executives accountable
for developing their direct
reports through performance
management process
18% 49% 26% 7%
19% 44% 26% 10%
Not at all
To some degree
To a considerable
degree
Consistently across
the organization
0 20 40 60 80 100
Managers consistently provide
ongoing developmental feedback
to support and encourage
employee development
Managers have the skills
and capabilities to grow
people in their jobs
3% 65% 26% 6%
2% 62% 32% 4%
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
17
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
internal mobility opportunities to employees. Only 35% claim to offer a
considerable number of opportunities, and just 11% report moving people
around consistently across the organization.
Based on Hewitt’s extensive research on employee engagement and
retention, we know the top three levers that motivate and engage
employees are: 1) a sense of job fulfillment; 2) career advancement
opportunities; and 3) the right mix of rewards that recognize contributions.
Given the pivotal role managers’ play in supporting employees in each of
these areas, this lack of capability can have serious ramifications for retaining
top talent.
Select organizations directly tackle capability development challenges
While the majority of companies are struggling, a few select organizations
are way ahead of the pack, confronting these challenges by implementing
manager development programs, holding managers accountable for talent
development and engagement through the incentive process, and better
defining career paths and capabilities needed to develop employees. At
FedEx Express, for example, a development initiative called the “Aspire
Program” helps prepare managers for their role. It consists of three levels:
1) understanding management as a concept and a role; 2) management
certification through a specific set of courses; and 3) practicing management
before becoming a manager. This kind of development ensures that
managers are equipped to conduct evaluations, feedback discussions, and
other critical interactions with their employees.
Figure 15: Employee Development
48%
45%
77%
23%
49%
51%
52%
55%
Agree
Disagree
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Managers and employees
share accountability for
employee development
Employees can easily access
accurate information on available
development opportunities
Every employee has an
individual development plan
Employees have a clear picture
of skills they should build to
support business growth
18
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Kellogg is another leading organization that has taken a proactive approach
to workforce development. Through rigorous job analysis, the company
identified key competencies for every position within the organization.
Kellogg created a career development model for everyone from individual
contributors to senior executives, with specific competencies for every level.
Managers and employees are clear on what it takes to progress, and Kellogg
puts significant emphasis on rotating people into various roles throughout
the organization to help them develop key skills.
Reward differentiation is still more of a concept than a reality
While organizations report making efforts toward aligning performance
with rewards, only 14% consistently provide meaningful pay differentiation
to high performers or high-potential employees through both base and
variable pay. And, just 13% consistently ensure performance ratings, pay,
and recognition are proportional to employees’ performance and impact. In
addition, many companies may be missing the opportunity to communicate
a “total rewards” picture to employees which includes non-cash drivers, such
as benefits and development opportunities.
Figure 16: Rewarding
Performance
14%
To some degree
To a considerable
degree
Consistent across
the organization
Not at all
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Invest the resources necessary to
utilize up-to-date market data on
competitive total rewards
Ensure performance ratings, pay,
and recognition are proportional to
employees'performance and impact
Provide meaningful pay differentiation
to high performers/high potentials
through both base and variable pay
Align rewards within the context
of a total rewards strategy
(includes compensation, benefits,
and development opportunities)
7%
11%
40%
40%
40%
17%
10%
11%
33%
35%
17%
37%
35%
32%
13%
19
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Despite their shortcomings, many organizations are taking steps in the
right direction. As we’ve already discussed, the majority of companies
are imposing high levels of accountability for driving business results.
This extends not only to leaders and managers, but to employees as well.
Eighty-two percent of survey respondents affirmed that employees are
held accountable for achieving results in their organization, but without a
consistent pay-for-performance system, it is difficult to motivate and align
employees’ efforts toward specific business results. The implications of this
finding are clear — only 11% of respondents feel employees understand
organizational priorities and align their individual performance goals with
them consistently across the organization.
To have a truly high performance workforce, accountability for results and
opportunity for rewards and advancement must be clearly aligned. Leaders
and managers play a key role in connecting the two.
20
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
In today’s uncertain business environment, strong leadership is more
important than ever before. Heightened financial pressures, intense
competition, and complex global challenges have increased the demand
for crucial skills, such as innovation and the ability to manage change.
The ability to develop leaders who can effectively face tomorrow’s global
business challenges is critical to an organization’s success. But it won’t be
easy. Demographic changes over the next five to ten years will make the
competition for leaders even fiercer. Thus, many organizations have come
to realize the only way to ensure a strong pipeline of leadership talent is
to develop it themselves — an undertaking that has become increasingly
challenging.
Significant progress has been made in building leadership capability
Today’s organizations are placing a significant amount of attention on
leadership development — more than any other talent discipline surveyed.
More than one-half (60%) of respondents report active involvement of the
CEO and Board of Directors in leadership development activities, with 64%
saying their organization’s current leaders teach and develop new leaders.
At almost three-quarters (73%) of organizations, senior leaders are viewed
as corporate assets, rather than business unit or geographic assets. Clearly,
the responsibility for developing the leadership team is being taken very
seriously.
Leadership and High
Potential Development
Key Findings in
Leadership Development
Significant progress has
been made in building
leadership capability
Opportunities exist to
better align and execute
leadership programs
High potential
development is a priority
for many organizations,
but consistent execution
falls short
Figure 17:Executive Involvement
in Leadership Development
Agree
Disagree
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Our organization's leaders teach
and develop new leaders
Our CEO and Board of Directors
are actively involved with
leadership development activities
Senior leaders are viewed as
corporate assets (versus business
unit or geographic assets)
73%
40%
64%
36%
60%
27%
21
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
A number of companies have made significant strides in building strong
leadership capability. That fact is evident in Hewitt’s Top Companies
for Leaders study. From its inception in 2002 to 2007, the study found
marked improvement in both the amount of attention paid to leadership
development and the quality of leadership programs. Even more
encouraging is the finding that leadership development is becoming more
interwoven with other talent management systems, particularly succession
planning and performance management. Apparently, organizations have
discovered that focusing on the quality and integration of leadership
development can have a positive impact on business growth.
Opportunities exist to better align and execute leadership programs
While progress has been made with regard to the emphasis placed on
leadership development, significant shortfalls still exist. To effectively build
bench strength, for example, companies must align leadership development
with their overall business processes. Unfortunately, our research shows most
organizations are lagging on this front.
Even the best-designed leadership development efforts may not meet the
ever-evolving needs of the business if the organization’s strategic business
planning process fails to include a review of existing and future leadership
needs. When asked if such a review takes place within their organizations,
just 27% of respondents said it is done “to a considerable degree.” A
mere 14% claimed such a review takes place consistently throughout the
organization.
Organizations also have plenty of room for improvement in terms of how
they execute leadership programs. By all accounts, they appear to be
struggling with “growing their own” leaders. Just 23% conduct semi-annual
talent reviews “to a considerable degree,” while 17% perform such reviews
consistently. Their struggles don’t end there, as they also express difficulties
in using formal succession management processes to fill executive positions
and conducting performance reviews based on a clear set of leadership
competencies.
22
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Of particular concern is the lack of special assignments designed to grow
leaders. Only 8% of companies said they consistently use developmental
assignments to address specific leader development needs. Likewise, just
9% of respondents consistently use global assignments as a training ground
for developing global management capability.
Fortunately, not all companies are wrestling with these areas. Select
organizations are demonstrating strength in leader assessment and
development. Health insurance company Humana believes that successful
development evolves from aligning strategy execution with a combination
of on-the-job and formal training that aligns active learning and business
simulations to create experiential learning by doing. Through its succession
process, Humana has identified its top 150 future leaders and is actively
developing them. Meanwhile, Lockheed Martin offers a series of leadership
development programs that start at entry level and build on one another
through the ranks of senior leadership. Elements include rotational
assignments, courses at major universities, and task forces focused on
solving real-life business problems.
At Whirlpool, one of Hewitt’s Top Companies for Leaders, the culture is not
one in which “the cream rises to the top”; instead, individuals are proactively
developed for future leadership roles through specific success plans.
Leaders identify key developmental roles in the organization, and give high
Figure 18: Leadership
Development Activities
To some degree
To a considerable
degree
Consistent across
the organization
Not at all
35%
29%
31%
44%
38%
31%
9%
37%
27%
37%
0 10 20 30 40 50
Global assignments are used
to develop global
management capabilities
Developmental assignments
are used to address specific
leader development needs
Formal succession management
is used to fill executive positions
throughout the organization
Leadership performance reviews
and development activities are
based on well-defined
leadership competencies
Senior executives conduct
talent reviews on at least
a semi-annual basis
8%
15%
17%
17%
13%
24%
21%
24%
23%
19%
23
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
potentials access to critical experiences through these roles. Some of these
roles focus on global operations, others innovation, and still others running
a PL. Senior leadership regularly reviews lists of “exportable talent,” and
movement of key talent is planned well in advance. This is how Whirlpool
has been able to develop “global managers” so successfully.
Developing high potential employees is a priority, but consistent
execution falls short
Growing recognition of the need to develop leadership talent early has
given rise to “high potential” or “emerging leader” programs, in which
promising talent is identified and cultivated to become the leaders of
tomorrow. Not only does this ensure a strong pipeline to meet future needs,
it increases the engagement of the company’s most valuable employees.
While most understand the need for such programs, many organizations
struggle with consistency in terms of high potential identification,
communication, and development. At 86% of companies, management
identifies high potentials early to at least “some degree” and takes actions
to proactively develop them. However, only 7% said this was being done
consistently. And while 69% of companies give high-potential employees
additional opportunities to interact with senior management, only 13% do
so consistently across the organization. Without a well-defined approach to
grooming high potential employees, many organizations avoid informing
Figure 19: Elements of High
Potential Programs
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Management identifies high
potentials early and takes action
to proactively develop them
Our high potential pool
is frequently reviewed
and calibrated
High potentials are given
additional opportunities to
interact with senior management
We expose high potential
employees to assignments or
special projects outside
of their normal business units
High potentials are
aware of their status
14%
7%
10%
45%
33%
24%
36%
14%
27%
7%
25%
37%
18%
23%
13%
11%
32%
29%
52%
To some degree
To a considerable
degree
Consistent across
the organization
Not at all
43%
24
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
them of their status. More than two-thirds (70%) of organizations either do
not inform them at all or do so only to a small degree. Just 7% communicate
status to high-potentials consistently across the organization.
While the majority of companies are struggling, a few organizations are
taking innovative approaches to identifying and developing high potentials.
At EMC Corporation, significant emphasis is placed on implementing talent
reviews consistently to facilitate the identification of top talent across the
globe. Each business unit conducts a rigorous review process to identify top
talent. Subsequent cross-business unit calibration sessions ensure consistency
in how top talent is viewed across the organization. This culminates in a
review session with the CEO. Seeking to streamline the process and make it
more efficient, the company recently introduced new technology designed to
automate the entire process.
Caterpillar Financial also devotes extensive time, energy, and resources
to identifying and developing future leaders. Preferring to promote from
within, the company rarely hires externally at the management level.
Instead, Caterpillar Financial prepares employees for future leadership roles
by ensuring access to cross-functional experiences. Managers work with
employees to document current skills, career aspirations, and the skills and
experiences they need to get there. The company also offers a mentoring
program and an extensive learning and development function that includes
both on-site and Web-based training for employees.
For organizations to be ready to tackle the business challenges of tomorrow,
they must begin building a cadre of strong leaders today. While many have
already embarked on this journey, it’s clear that more sustained focus and
consistency is needed to effectively build this capability.
25
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Savvy companies manage their human capital much like other investments
— using measurement to drive decisions and improve results. Metrics
help to weave a “talent mindset” into the operating fabric of the business,
clarifying expectations and creating a framework for tracking and reporting
talent-related results in a language that business leaders understand. As
with many areas of talent management, however, we found significant gaps
in both the collection and usage of data. Organizations vary dramatically
in terms of the quality of their metrics and how they are used, but most
are still taking a traditional approach. Few organizations leverage talent
analytics to make strategic investment decisions or link them to business
performance. As the pressure on revenues and returns increases, companies
will need a more strategic approach for measuring talent effectiveness and
demonstrating a link to business results.
Few companies are strategic about what they measure
Instead of being empowered by decision science, the majority of established
talent analytics do a good job at telling companies what has happened and
how they’re doing operationally but do little to trigger action. Traditional
HR metrics, such as benefit and healthcare expenses, are systematically
tracked by the vast majority of companies. However, far fewer organizations
track metrics related to the quality of talent or the effectiveness of talent
programs. Only 10% of organizations employ metrics to gauge the
effectiveness of workforce management practices consistently across the
organization, and even fewer (7%) consistently use metrics to align human
capital investments with business results.
By and large, organizations take an ad hoc approach to measurement,
tracking a large number of low-impact metrics. Such measurement is helpful
in that it provides good current state information, but it does not enable
the prioritization and focus needed to improve talent practices or link talent
analytics to business results. While 92% of organizations measure total
turnover, for example, only 51% measure leadership turnover and just 43%
track turnover of high performers. Even with the mass exodus of the baby
boomers upon us, only 51% of companies are measuring the percent of
employees, managers, and executives scheduled to retire within the next
five years.
Talent Analytics
Key Findings in
Talent Analytics
Few companies are
strategic about what they
measure
For most, the focus is on
operations rather than
outcomes
Select organizations are
leading the way in talent
analytics
26
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
For most, the focus is on operations rather than outcomes
The majority of companies approach measurement by tracking operational
metrics, rather than focusing on outcomes. The most commonly tracked
recruiting metrics remain time to fill open positions (76%) and percent of
external hires (72%), while more quality-related metrics such as the percent
of critical positions that are filled and new hire first-year performance rating
are tracked by just 53% and 39% of companies, respectively.
Similarly, operational measures prevail in both development and succession
metrics. While 48% of organizations regularly measure learning and
development hours and dollars per employee, only 24% measure the percent
of employees with critical skills. In addition, just 37% track the depth of their
succession pipeline, while even fewer (33%) track job openings filled from the
succession pool. This focus on operations, rather than outcomes, makes it
difficult for organizations to use metrics as a strategic decision-making tool.
Figure 20: Turnover Metrics
Tracked
Figure 21: Recruiting Metrics
Tracked
0 20 40 60 80 100
Total turnover rate
Voluntary turnover rate
High performer turnover
Leadership turnover rate
Percent of employees eligible for
retirement within 5 years
New hire 90 days separation rate
43%
51%
51%
51%
84%
92%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time to fill open positions
Cost per hire
Number of applicants per hire
Offer acceptance rate
Percent diverse hires
Percent of external hires
Percent of critical/key positions filled
New hire first year performance rating 39%
53%
72%
67%
61%
76%
69%
56%
27
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Select organizations are leading the way in talent analytics
Clearly, many companies are struggling to figure out exactly what they
should be measuring and how best to make use of the resulting data.
Fortunately, the next frontier for HR analytics is already in sight. Nearly all
the Top Companies for Leaders measure the effectiveness of their talent
and leadership development efforts and many use metrics to track how
specific leaders are moving, developing, and retaining talent. Top Companies
are also more likely to track broader outcomes, such as the long-term
performance of a placed successor2
.
One ranking Top Company for Leaders, Caterpillar, uses a “leadership
index” and “engagement index” to measure its leaders’ effectiveness
at developing, engaging, and inspiring talent. Planned movement is
encouraged throughout the organization as a primary means of developing
its workforce. Individual leaders are rewarded not only for the results they
produce, but also for their ability to build functional and leadership capability.
These examples are part of a larger shift occurring among leading-edge
organizations when it comes to measuring HR and Talent Analytics. Select
companies are moving from solely tracking data to make operational
decisions to utilizing more predictive future-focused metrics to drive
business decisions.
Figure 22: Percentage of
Companies Collecting
Development and Succession
Planning Metrics
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Learning and development spent
per employee
Learning and development hours
per employee
Participation rate in
developmental activities
Percent of employees with critical skills
Internal promotion rate
Succession pipeline depth
Percent job openings filled from
succession pool 33%
37%
56%
46%
48%
49%
24%
2
Hewitt Associates, Top Companies
for Leaders 2007: North American
Highlights, October 2007
28
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Applying rigorous analytical thinking to drive human capital decisions is still a
relatively new concept. However, a growing number of companies are taking
bold steps in that direction. For example, Capital One created a workforce
analysis team that has been making major inroads in linking human capital
and workforce performance to business results. Recently, the team designed
an interactive workforce planning process aimed at helping business units
establish optimal “build, buy, or borrow” strategies for the future. Using
sophisticated data mining and modeling techniques, the team identified
how various talent sourcing approaches affected workforce engagement and
productivity. This enabled the team to predict the optimal mix of external
hiring, internal promotion, and other people practices for driving long-term
engagement.
Clearly, metrics have the potential to serve as a powerful tool to enhance
talent management effectiveness and drive critical human capital decisions.
To harness their full power, however, companies must adopt a systematic
and strategic approach focused on the consistent tracking of a limited set of
measures that drive business value creation.
Figure 23: Metrics Evolution
Current State of HR Metrics
Tactical Approaches
Future State of HR Metrics
Strategic Approaches
What is measured Static and current state
HR metrics (answers the
question: What are we
doing?)
Predictive and future-
focused metrics (answers the
question: What should we do
next and why?)
How it’s measured Ad hoc approach where
many measures are tracked
(examples: headcount,
labor costs, turnover, total
compensation)
Selective approach where
quality is valued over
quantity (examples: ROI of
human capital, performance
drivers, leadership capability)
How the data is
accessed and used
HR primarily collects
and uses data to make
operational decisions
HR partners with business
units to interpret data to
drive business decisions
29
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Recommendations for the Future
Given the increasingly challenging global business environment, talent management will
— and must — remain a top priority for executives in the years ahead. The future of talent
management will need to evolve from where it is today to become a more systematic
business process. Our research shows us that:
Leaders see the value of talent, but most organizations are still struggling to systematize
and integrate their talent management processes.
There is a need for more direct, tangible accountability for developing talent among
leaders and managers, but this accountability needs to work both ways. Companies
must provide the training and support managers need to build their management skills
and capabilities.
Leadership development is clearly a priority, but again, more sustained focus is
needed on execution to ensure organizations are ready to tackle tomorrow’s business
challenges.
Metrics are critical for connecting talent management initiatives and priorities to
business results. While there are some clear innovations in this area, most organizations
need to push past static operational measures to more strategic, predictive analytics.
Ultimately, leading companies demonstrate both breadth and depth of their talent
management practices with a clear alignment to overall business and talent strategies
and an indefatigable commitment to program execution.
So what do companies do now to address the key talent management challenges identified
in this report? What is the practical starting point for companies today? Regardless of
industry, size, or geography, the following are key actions to help your organization improve
current talent management practices or jump-start ones that are just getting off the ground.
Sustain executive commitment to talent management
Sustaining executive buy-in to the criticality of talent management is especially important
in a challenging business climate, when organizations need, more than ever, to have the
right people focusing on the right things. Pressure to deliver business results can divert
emphasis away from actions that signal an organizational commitment to talent management.
Experience tells us that strong performers will always have choices about where to work. To
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The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
retain your most valuable talent and build a foundation for tomorrow, now is the time to
ensure that your talent practices are progressive and effective.
To sustain leadership commitment, provide executives with data that substantiates the value
of talent management. Straightforward analyses that look at the relative contributions of
low, average, and high performers can provide compelling “evidence” that acquiring and
developing the right talent is critical to achieving business results. Ensure that executives
keep talent management on the agenda for every discussion of organizational priorities, and
push for consistent, future-focused decisions that communicate the continued importance of
talent management.
Establish Direction
To ensure you are moving in the right direction, you must start with the end in mind.
Establish a clear understanding of your organization’s business goals and objectives; then
determine whether your current talent management strategy is aligned to drive these goals.
Ask the hard questions: Does our organization have the talent it needs to execute our
business strategy? How well are talent initiatives coordinated across our business units and
the regions in which we operate? Do our talent programs penetrate deeply enough into the
organization to support the business effectively? Are managers capable enough to develop
and support capability growth?
Once you have taken an objective assessment of your strengths and weaknesses, you
can begin to frame solutions. This leads to another set of questions: What specific talent
outcomes are needed to achieve success? How do we address the shortcomings in our
talent management approach? What are the biggest priorities? How do we measure success
effectively? Use these questions to start a dialogue within your organization to determine
which talent management initiatives will have the biggest impact.
Vet the opportunities for real impact
“A leader who says I’ve got ten priorities doesn’t know what he’s
talking about“
— Larry Bossidy and Ram Charan,
in Execution — The Discipline of Getting Things Done
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The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
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Now more than ever, it’s important to focus on issues that, if addressed, will have the greatest
business impact. As in all aspects of running the organization, effective prioritization of talent
management initiatives will yield the maximum payback on precious resources expended.
Look for ways to get and maintain an accurate picture of how well the organization’s talent
practices are actually “landing on people.” This means finding out what’s happening from a
qualitative perspective (e.g., employees’ perceptions of development and career opportunity)
as well as quantitative data (e.g., such as the number of hits on the development Web
site). Non-intrusive workforce surveys, quick pulse questionnaires, “open-mic” employee
teleconferences for feedback about talent practices, focus groups, and high performer panels
are a few of the many ways organizations are gathering and distilling reliable insight about
the essential few areas for action now.
Combining feedback of employee perceptions of talent programs with the assessment
of capabilities needed to drive business results will help identify key talent management
opportunities that have the greatest impact on your organization.
Look for new ideas and approaches you can adapt
Talent management is no longer about exhaustive benchmarking studies; it’s about scanning
the landscape for approaches, steps, and tools being tried and applied, and finding the ones
worth looking at more closely. Which other organizations, inside and outside your industry,
have practical ideas and methods you might find useful? The idea is to spot opportunities
to kick-start, supplement, or re-wire current practices by adapting or tailoring aspects or
elements of others’ talent management systems. Colleagues in professional organizations,
conference presenters, and publication authors are examples of sources for new thinking that
goes beyond the customary talent practices. Look to them for input on thorny issues (e.g.,
How can we build manager capability when supervisors are stretched by individual and unit
workloads at current staffing levels? How do we create the cross-generational and cultural
inclusion that will engage everyone to give their best?).
Also remember to look within your own organization for the talent practices working well in
one part of the business. Find out what they’re doing, why it’s working, and how their learning
and practices can be leveraged more broadly across the company. In many organizations,
great practices that could help the entire firm win are occurring “under the radar screen.”
32
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Create a realistically aggressive action plan
As business and talent management leaders, we all know how to build action plans
incorporating critical steps, milestones, and target outcomes. However, as we’ve seen
throughout this report, execution is a critical and often mismanaged aspect of building a
talent management strategy. Identifying best practices is vital, but effectively implementing
them based on a solid action plan is just as important. As you create your action plan,
build in sound project management principles to ensure an effective rollout. Consider
using pilot programs versus enterprise-wide implementations, time your rollouts with other
business initiatives and cycles, and provide consistent communication to foster clarity and
commitment.
Once you have the solid foundation of project management in place, make sure you maintain
a realistically aggressive focus on results. Ask yourself: Does our talent strategy push hard
enough to accelerate timelines for results, compared to other areas of the overall business
plan? And, does it identify the highest priority areas for action and commit to a limited
number of critical deliverables? Do we have clear, quantifiable metrics in place to measure
the effectiveness of the implementation and the business impact of our talent-related
initiatives?
Conclusion
While many of these actions appear straightforward, putting them in place is not easy. As with
any organization-wide initiative, there is a need for discipline, innovation, and sheer persis-
tence to see lasting results. Many of the organizations we’ve highlighted with effective talent
management practices have been at it for years — consistently demonstrating their commit-
ment to developing great talent. And over time, this commitment has translated into a strong
base of talent and a pipeline of leaders with a demonstrable impact on business results.
Innovative ideas, strong execution, and a foundation of clear metrics can enable many more
talent management professionals to create a talent mindset that will prepare their organiza-
tions to face the challenges ahead.
33
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
Acknowledgements
Sponsoring Executives
Bob Campbell
Leader, North America Talent Management Practice, Hewitt Associates
bob.campbell@hewitt.com
Allan Schweyer
Executive Director and Co-Founder, Human Capital Institute
aschweyer@humancapitalinstitute.com
Research Team
Mary Ann Armatys
Senior Research Consultant, Hewitt Associates
mary.ann.armatys@hewitt.com
Diane Caldwell
Senior Consultant, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates
diane.caldwell@hewitt.com
John Eggert
Senior Researcher, Human Capital Institute
john.eggert@hci.org
Katherine Jones
President, ICS and Member of HCI Executive Research Board
katherine_ics@msn.com
Mollie Kohn
Principal, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates
mollie.kohn@hewitt.com
Michael MacLeod
Principal, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates
michael.macleod@hewitt.com
Contributors
Michelle Freiberg
Senior Consultant, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates
michelle.freiberg@hewitt.com
Tina Kao
Senior Consultant, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates
tina.kao@hewitt.com
34
The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities
Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved.
More than 50,001 employees
25,001 to 50,000 employees
10,001 to 25,000 employees
5,001 to 10,000 employees
1,001 to 5,000 employees
1,000 or fewer employees
12%
12%
12%
21%
8%
34%
12%
8%
5%
6%
16%
10%
18%
7%
7%
9%
0 5 10 15 20
Less than $10 Million
$10 M to $30 Million
$30 M to $50 Million
$50 M to $50 Million
$100 M to $500 Million
$500 Million to $1 Billion
$1 B to $5 Billion
$5 B to $10 Billion
$10 B to $25 Billion
More than $25 Billion
2%
9%
5%
4%
3%
3%
3%
8%
12%
16%
23%
2%
2%
2%
2%
2%
0 5 10 15 20 25
Other
Transportation Services
Telecom Services and Equipment
Retail (Includes Wholesale)
Pharmaceuticals
Health Care
Government
Food and Beverages
Financial Services
Energy/Utilities
Manufacturing
Construction
Computer Hardware and Services
Chemicals
Business Services
Aerospace/Defense
1%
1%
1%
1%
6%
2%
8%
9%
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Other
Australia
Asia
Africa
Europe
South America
Mexico and Central America
Canada
United States 70%
Figure 1: Number of Employees
Figure 2: Revenue Size
Figure 4: Industry
Figure 3: Geographic Location
About Talent Practices Impact Survey: 2008
Conducted in 2008 by the Human Capital Institute and Hewitt Associates, this study reflects the input
of nearly 700 respondents to an on-line Talent Practices Impact Survey, as well as in-depth interviews of
a sampling of participants. Participants represent senior-level talent leaders (both HR and non-HR) who
are directly involved in functional areas, such as HR, talent management, organizational development,
leadership development, and succession planning. Together, they represent a mixture of public and
privately held companies from around the globe in a variety of industries, geographies, and sizes.
Participating organizations range in size from fewer than 1,000 to more than 50,000 employees. Just
over one-half (55%) of participating companies have fewer than 5,000 employees, while the remaining
half are somewhat evenly distributed (between 5,000 and 50,000+ employees). Seventy percent of
respondents represent talent management practices and processes for U.S. companies, while the
remaining 30% are non-U.S. companies. Nearly two-thirds (63%) have operations around the globe.

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  • 1. Hewitt’s Human Capital Consulting In partnership with The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Human Capital Institute | Hewitt Associates | October 2008
  • 2. The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Hewitt Associates For more than 65 years, Hewitt Associates (NYSE: HEW) has provided clients with best-in-class human resources (HR) consulting and outsourcing services. Hewitt consults with more than 3,000 large and mid-size companies around the globe to develop and implement HR business strategies covering retirement, financial and health management; compensation and total rewards; and performance, talent, and change management. As a market leader in benefits administration, Hewitt delivers health care and retirement programs to millions of participants and retirees on behalf of more than 300 organizations worldwide. In addition, more than 30 clients rely on Hewitt to provide a broader range of HR business process outsourcing services to nearly a million client employees. Located in 33 countries, Hewitt employs approximately 23,000 associates. For more information, please visit www.hewitt.com. For specific questions regarding this report, please send email to: humancapitalconsulting@hewitt.com. Human Capital Institute The Human Capital Institute (HCI) is a catalyst for innovative new thinking in talent acquisition, development, deployment and new economy leadership. Through research and collaboration, our global network of more than 130,000 members develops and promotes creativity, best and next practices, and actionable solutions in strategic talent management. Executives, practitioners, and thought leaders representing organizations of all sizes, across public, charitable and government sectors, utilize HCI communities, education, events and research to foster talent advantages to ensure organizational change for competitive results. In tandem with these initiatives, HCI’s Human Capital Strategist professional certifications and designations set the bar for expertise in talent strategy, acquisition, development and measurement. www.humancapitalinstitute.org.
  • 3. The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Table of Contents Research Highlights: Talent Challenges of Today...................................................... 1 The State of Talent Management.............................................................................. 5 Talent Strategy........................................................................................................... 6 Workforce Planning and Talent Acquisition............................................................. 10 Capability Development and Performance ............................................................ 15 Leadership and High Potential Development......................................................... 20 Talent Analytics........................................................................................................ 25 Recommendations for the Future............................................................................ 29 Acknowledgements................................................................................................. 33 About the Research................................................................................................. 34
  • 4. 1 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Research Highlights: Talent Challenges of Today Companies today face formidable talent challenges. The ability to sustain a steady supply of critical talent is a challenge facing all organizations — worldwide. Among the issues impacting the “next generation” workforce are impending skill shortages, an increasingly cross-generational and diverse workforce, the need for knowledge transfer from retiring baby boomers, and significant leadership gaps. Intense cost pressure from both traditional and emerging competitors, new markets, and more demanding customers are additional elements that give a new sense of urgency to the concept of talent management. At a time when organizations need to optimize their workforces, most agree that talent management is of strategic importance. To evaluate the extent to which companies act on that belief, Hewitt Associates and the Human Capital Institute undertook a comprehensive study seeking to assess the state of talent management practices in companies today. About the Study The research provides results from both a quantitative survey and qualitative interviews. The survey was designed to gauge the maturity level of a comprehensive set of talent practices; that is, the extent to which an organization’s practices are sophisticated, progressive, practical and well executed. This enabled us to identify strength and challenges in talent management and key areas of focus for the future. Nearly 700 senior-level talent leaders (both HR and non-HR) participated in the study. Through supplemental in-depth interviews, we captured innovative practices at select companies with more developed talent management practices. This combination of quantitative survey data and qualitative interview results helped shape a better understanding of the complex issues surrounding talent management today. The growing recognition that the quality talent is a sustainable competitive advantage, coupled with a realistic view of the complexity and scope of changes in the global workforce, has led to a renewed focus and urgency around talent management. Based on nearly 700 responses, human resources (HR) and business leaders overwhelmingly identified “attracting and retaining skilled and professional workers” as the workforce challenge most impacting their organizational strategy. ”Developing manager capability,” ”retaining high performers,”“developing succession pool depth,” and “addressing shortages of management or leadership talent” closely followed. Top 5 Workforce Challenges 1. Attracting and retaining skilled professional workers 2. Developing manager capability 3. Retaining high performers 4. Developing succession pool depth 5. Addressing shortages of management or leadership talent
  • 5. 2 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. In today’s uncertain economic environment, it’s important that organizations address talent issues promptly, but it’s equally important that they get them right — the first time. There’s little room for trial and error, as all initiatives are expected to produce solid financial results. Unfortunately, most companies are still struggling to institutionalize effective talent management practices and programs. Positive Results Based on the results of this research, our collective experience, and prior research findings, we believe that organizations are indeed improving their talent management capabilities. The skills, performance, engagement, adaptability, and continuity of an organization’s workforce are indisputably a core competitive advantage and prerequisite for sustained financial success. Increasingly, organization leaders, starting with top officers, understand the business payback of focusing on getting these things right. As a result, the advances being made in talent management can be attributed to the following: Senior Leaders Recognize Superior Talent as a Business Advantage: Senior leaders do “get it.” In nine out of ten organizations, they believe superior talent provides a vital competitive advantage. They increasingly recognize the critical linkage between effective talent management and business success. Focus on Talent Management: The pressure to attract and retain key talent has led organizations to expend increased energy and resources on talent-related initiatives over the past half-decade. Significant progress has been made on a variety of talent management fronts — from getting foundational programs in place to creating and deploying new programs, such as high potential development, leadership development, and succession planning. However, most of the progress has been made in the executive ranks, with less focus beyond the highest management levels. Leadership Involvement: The need for more leadership involvement in talent management is driven by the criticality of talent strategy development, articulation, and execution. Some business leaders are starting to play an increasingly visible and active role in talent management, understanding that their practices must be aligned with these talent strategies in order to have a direct impact on workforce engagement and performance.
  • 6. 3 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Opportunities for Improvement Although organizations have made significant progress raising awareness and attention to talent management and implementing foundational programs, these efforts have not led to well-executed talent management programs that are aligned with business priorities. Organizations still lag in their ability to integrate talent management programs and evaluate the return on their talent investments. The reasons are many, including: Human Capital is Not Sufficiently Aligned With Business Strategy: While senior leaders clearly recognize the importance of human capital, a number of companies struggle to connect their people practices with their business imperatives. Only 17% of respondents say their workforce strategy is consistently aligned with their business strategy across the organization, while even fewer (7%) report consistently utilizing a specific quantitative framework in which investments in talent management are aligned with business results. Lack of Accountability and Capability for Talent Development: While most organizations hold their executives and managers accountable for achieving business results, they are not being held accountable for talent development. Few organizations consistently hold managers (7%) or senior executives (10%) accountable for developing their direct reports. Furthermore, most managers lack the basic capability to develop talent effectively. Just 5% of organizations say their managers have the skills to grow people in their jobs or to provide the constructive feedback that supports and encourages employee development consistently across the organization. Inconsistent Execution and Integration of Talent Programs: The majority of companies report having fundamental processes for talent management in place, such as basic workforce planning, development programs for high potential employees, and succession planning. However, few consistently execute these programs across the entire organization. While slightly more than two-thirds (69%) of companies say they conduct workforce planning across all divisions and business units, fewer than one-fifth (15%) do so consistently. Furthermore, only 21% of companies consistently integrate talent practices across the organization (e.g., rewards are tied to performance; performance is tied to development). Limited Use of Meaningful Talent Analytics: Data and analysis have long played a role in driving business decisions; yet when it comes to talent analytics, most organizations have a long way to go. Mired in tracking traditional workforce measures, such as headcount, turnover, and cost-based metrics, few have graduated to tracking the metrics that matter. Fewer than 10% of responding companies measure the effectiveness of talent management programs, track the quality of talent, or use specific quantitative frameworks to align human capital investments with their business strategy. .
  • 7. 4 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Select Companies are Leading the Way There are exceptions, of course. Despite the monumental challenges facing organizations, a few select companies have made significant strides in managing talent. What sets them apart is their dedication and commitment to talent management and the creative, comprehensive approach they take to developing their people in the following ways: Depth and Consistency of Practices: Talent management is given top priority at these companies — and it shows. Specific programs, such as talent reviews and succession planning, are institutionalized throughout the organization, ensuring they are implemented and integrated consistently across businesses, geographies, and employee segments. Managers are taught how to develop employees, and talent programs are pushed deeper into the organization to reach a broader group of employees. Higher Commitment and Accountability for Talent Development: Abandoning the belief that talent management is solely HR’s domain, these organizations consider it a shared business and HR responsibility requiring active engagement, commitment, and accountability from leaders and managers. From the CEO down, these business leaders not only emphasize the importance of talent management, but are also actively engaged in the processes. Additionally, they hold themselves responsible and accountable in tangible ways for developing the next generation of talent across the entire organization — not just at the leadership level. Progressive and Innovative Practices: Never satisfied with the status quo, these organizations are consistently investing in new ways to manage talent. Approaches vary widely, but examples include progressive approaches to workforce planning, innovative employer branding strategies, and more comprehensive efforts related to onboarding and development of high potential employees. Some leading organizations are using sophisticated predictive analytics to help drive strategic human capital decisions and ensure that those decisions are aligned with the business strategy. While most organizations still struggle to manage their talent effectively, select employers are leading the way. They serve as role models to those who are struggling to build core talent management capability by holding leaders and managers accountable for talent initiatives, driving greater consistency in talent programs globally, and continually seeking new and progressive ways to manage talent. The increased adoption of these approaches to talent management point to an evolutionary trend toward better practices overall. This report identifies the talent challenges that exist today, summarizes key findings from the research, and draws examples of innovative talent practices from select companies. Recommendations based on the research provide a foundation upon which companies can build and strengthen their talent management capability to meet the business challenges of the future.
  • 8. 5 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. 5 Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Today’s fast-paced, global business environment, coupled with the ever- growing challenge of a rapidly changing workforce, requires a well-planned, rigorous approach to talent management. Fortunately, both HR and business leaders recognize that talent is a critical driver of business performance. It comes as no surprise then that talent management practices are often cited as a key strategic priority. However, the execution of these practices is where companies often fall short. To gain a better understanding of the state of talent management, we examined current practices in five specific areas: Talent Strategy; Workforce Planning and Talent Acquisition; Capability Development Performance; Leadership and High Potential Development; and Talent Analytics. Using this framework, we examined talent management practices holistically — from initial strategy through measurement practices. We looked at all major areas related to how organizations acquire, develop, retain, and reward employees. Beyond prevalence, we examined the sophistication of such programs and the effectiveness of their execution. Finally, we analyzed the extent of alignment; that is, how an organization’s talent management strategy aligns with its business goals and how individual talent management programs and processes connect to one another. The State of Talent Management Talent Strategy Talent Analytics Workforce Planning Talent Acquisition Capability Development Performance Leadership High Potential Development
  • 9. 6 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Talent management is a complex discipline, encompassing a wide array of programs and processes. For such initiatives to be successful, a concrete talent strategy must serve as a constant guide, providing direction for how the organization will acquire, develop, and retain employees, while always reflecting the key business goals of the organization. Successful companies embed their talent strategy into the overall strategic planning process, integrating individual programs and practices to ensure they are all driving toward the same set of objectives. Senior leaders value talent, but there is limited alignment with business strategy No strategy can be effective without the support of senior leadership — and talent management is certainly no exception. In the past, HR struggled to convince business leaders to invest their time and money in talent management. Today, the challenge is not just whether to invest resources in talent management, but also how to identify what talent practices provide the greatest return; where leaders can most effectively spend their time developing people; and how to drive greater consistency, integration, and alignment of talent practices with the business strategy. Without a doubt, senior leadership plays a key role in creating a culture that supports talent development. This belief was strongly echoed by our survey respondents, with 92% agreeing that their senior leaders see superior talent as providing a vital competitive advantage. At Humana, for example, CEO Michael McCallister clearly demonstrates the importance of aligning the company’s consumerism strategy with human capital. He is credited with fostering a culture of growth and development. By providing visible support and commitment, he instills a “talent mindset” throughout the organization — that is, a deep conviction that the best and brightest will create shareholder value. Many more CEOs today are active champions for talent management and they and their leadership teams try to foster talent cultures within their organizations. At McDonalds, a Hewitt Top Companies for Leaders winner, CEO Jim Skinner has designated talent management and leadership development as one of his top three priorities. It’s a commitment he embraces in his everyday actions. At every opportunity, he espouses the importance of talent and leadership development, both in regular communications and when speaking publicly. Key Findings in Talent Strategy and Planning Senior leaders value talent, but there is limited alignment with business strategy Consistent execution and integration of talent practices continues to fall short Organizations are building stronger employment brands as part of their talent strategy Talent Strategy
  • 10. 7 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. In these select companies, the alignment and integration of workforce strategies with business strategy underscores the high priority that companies are placing on talent management. Granted, not all organizations have managed to successfully translate leadership’s belief in talent management into concrete actions that are linked to the business. While over three-quarters (78%) of companies report aligning and integrating workforce strategies with their overall business strategy to some or a considerable degree, just 17% say they are doing so consistently across the organization. Some attention is being placed on the identification of critical roles as part of this alignment process. More companies today recognize that they have limited dollars to spend on talent management and are looking for ways to get the highest value from their investment. One way of doing this is to identify future critical roles that will have the greatest impact on business success and focus planning efforts more heavily on these roles. Today, 42% of companies are identifying critical roles and capabilities to a considerable degree within their organizations, but only 17% are doing this consistently across the organization. This inability to consistently identify future skill requirements creates challenges for organizations trying to build capability. Figure 5: Degree of Alignment and Integration of Workforce Strategy with Business Strategy Figure 6: Degree to Which Critical Roles and Capabilities are Identified 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 To Some Degree Not at All To a Considerable Degree Consistently Across the Organization 40% 38% 4% 17% 0 10 20 30 40 50 Consistently Across the Organization To a Considerable Degree To Some Degree Not at All 42% 38% 3% 17%
  • 11. 8 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Consistent execution and integration of talent practices continues to fall short While most companies have fundamental talent management processes in place, few have managed to consistently execute and integrate such capabilities across the organization. Just 13% report consistent execution of talent management practices across all regions in which they operate. In addition, little is being done to integrate talent practices with other talent initiatives (e.g., tying rewards to performance). According to our survey, only 21% of companies do so consistently. Through our broader research, we have found that companies with more mature talent practices are driving better integration and consistency through a combination of approaches including: 1) Investing in robust talent management technology solutions coupled with process redesign; 2) More clearly defining corporate and field HR roles for designing and delivering talent solutions, including greater use of talent specialists (in some cases business partners) in the field to help improve integration; and 3) Implementing global centers of excellence for talent management to improve the coordination and consistency of practices across regions and businesses. Figure 7: Degree to Which Organizations Execute and Align Talent Practices Not at All To Some Degree To a Considerable Degree Consistently Across the Organization Execute consistent talent management practices across all regions in which you operate 11% 45% 31% 13% Integrate talent practices (e.g., rewards are tied to performance; performance is tied to development) 6% 38% 35% 21%
  • 12. 9 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Organizations are building stronger employment brands as part of their talent strategy Leading organizations have clearly defined employment brands that include a strong focus on diversity and corporate social responsibility. As part of their brands, these companies also clearly define the values and behaviors that they expect from people in the organization. Recognizing that a compelling employment brand is critical to becoming an employer of choice, organizations are building employment brands as a long-term solution for attracting the best quality applicants. More than one-half (60%) of survey participants report having a clearly established and well-defined employment brand, and 50% say they believe their employment brand provides a clearly differentiated competitive advantage that attracts and retains the best talent. In a sign that employment branding is working, nearly one-half (46%) of respondents report that their leaders and managers can describe the brand in consistent terms. Closely linked to a strong employment brand is a clearly defined set of values that signal what an organization considers important. Here, the majority of organizations (88%) report having a clearly articulated set of values. Increasingly, these values include cultivating an inclusive work environment, an endeavor that has been embraced by the vast majority of organizations. Two-thirds (67%) of companies are actively working to develop and sustain a culture of diversity and inclusion, while 24% report doing so consistently across the organization. Increasingly, employers are coming to understand that a winning strategy includes a compelling employment brand, an inclusive work environment, and the foundation of strong values. Without these key components, it will be nearly impossible to succeed in today’s talent market. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Our employment brand provides a clearly differentiated competitive advantage that attracts and retains the best talent All of our leaders and managers would describe our employment brand in consistent terms We have a clearly established and well-defined employment brand 50% 50% 46% 54% 60% 40% Agree Disagree Figure 8: Employment Brand
  • 13. 10 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Both workforce planning and talent acquisition are critical links in an organization’s talent supply chain. Some companies are using increasingly sophisticated approaches to workforce planning and talent acquisition as part of their strategic business planning process. Successful workforce planning and talent acquisition initiatives focus on meeting both the short- and long-term workforce needs. These areas are often the most visible services that HR provides, yet many HR organizations struggle with developing an effective approach that meets business needs. Some companies are investing heavily in building workforce planning and talent acquisition capability, but most organizations approach these areas in limited ways — focusing primarily on meeting the talent needs of today, with very little emphasis on tomorrow. While most organizations have foundational recruiting programs and processes in place, workforce planning and talent acquisition processes are often not integrated and technology is underutilized. Despite these challenges, most organizations report being able to attract the talent they need. Workforce planning in most organizations is short-term focused, although some companies are becoming more strategic Effective workforce planning requires a clear understanding of what talent is currently in place and what is required to be successful in the future. By matching future demand to current supply, organizations can effectively identify their hiring needs and use these projections to inform their sourcing efforts. While 69% of companies say they conduct workforce planning broadly across all divisions and business units to some or a considerable degree, only 15% report doing so consistently throughout the organization. Most workforce planning efforts focus on top executive, management, and critical roles. Thirty to forty percent of the companies surveyed report using workforce planning to forecast the supply and demand of talent in these roles for one to two years in advance, and 33% of companies report forecasting top executive talent needs three or more years in advance. However, below the senior leadership level, few companies are looking out beyond two years to identify the kind of skills and capabilities needed to support the business long-term. Only one out of ten companies forecasts its Key Findings in Workforce Planning and Talent Acquisition Workforce planning in most companies is short-term focused, although some companies are becoming more strategic Talent Acquisition fundamentals are in place but there is plenty of room for improvement Despite challenges, most companies report being able to attract the talent they need Workforce Planning and Talent Acquisition
  • 14. 11 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. talent requirements for front line management and critical non-management roles three or more years into the future. Remarkably, at least one-fifth of all companies do not forecast supply and demand for any employee segment. While these findings show limited use of workforce planning, a small, but innovative group of organizations are using more advanced workforce planning techniques, such as leveraging predictive workforce analytics to anticipate both supply and demand for key skills and capabilities. John Deere, for example, has adopted a sophisticated forecasting process for projecting its internal supply of talent in key areas. Employing simulation software adapted from its engineering group, the company factors in historical trends with retirements and resignations, using an algorithm to project retirement patterns. Drilling down relatively deeply into the organization, John Deere is able to more accurately project supply, particularly for specific critical skill sets. This process has proven to be an effective means of forecasting which skills and capabilities will be needed to meet business requirements up to five years into the future. Figure 9: Forecasting the Supply and Demand for Skills (Years in Advance) 30% 25% 29% 36% 21% 24% 21% 14% 26% 3–5 years 1–2 years Less than 1 year No forecast More than 5 years 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Critical Non-Management Roles (Product Development, Scientist, IT, etc.) Front Line Management (Manager, Supervisor, or Equivalent) Senior Management (SVP, VP, Directors, or Equivalent) Top Executive Talent (Business Unit Leaders) 2% 8% 27% 19% 34% 10% 1% 18% 5% 11% 7%
  • 15. 12 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Talent acquisition fundamentals are in place, but there is plenty of room for improvement Most organizations have the fundamental aspects of talent acquisition firmly in place, including processes to ensure compliance, incentives for employee referrals, and internal job posting mechanisms. However, few organizations have well-integrated talent acquisition processes or are effectively leveraging technology. A mere 16% of organizations consistently use technology to automate their recruiting processes. Their shortcomings don’t stop there, as little is being done to integrate talent acquisition practices with other talent initiatives. While 68% of organizations make considerable use of competency-based hiring, just 12% of organizations consistently link candidate screening criteria to other talent management processes, such as performance management, development, and succession planning. Despite challenges, most companies report being able to attract the talent they need Nonetheless, most organizations believe their talent acquisition efforts are paying off. The majority (73%) feel they are successful in consistently attracting high-quality candidates. Even more encouraging, 82% report that these candidates typically accept their job offers. Organizations are less certain that their future supply of candidates will meet their stated diversity goals. However, these findings indicate a high degree of satisfaction with the outcomes of their talent acquisition processes. Figure 10: Fundamental Talent Acquisition Practices 0 20 40 60 80 100 We have processes in place that ensure compliance with government regulations and laws We provide incentives for employees to refer candidates We have an effective internal job posting process and policy that facilitates growth and movement within the organization 79% 98% 70% 30% 21% 2% Agree Disagree
  • 16. 13 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. This is certainly good news, but it is important to note that the talent acquisition process does not end with attracting quality candidates. It is equally critical to have a comprehensive approach to assimilating new hires. Unfortunately, this is an area where we have discovered companies to be faltering: Only 20% consistently use a systematic onboarding process for new hires across the entire organization. 54% do not offer networking, mentoring, or job support for the first 6- to 12- months of employment. 45% of organizations report an inability to maintain a high level of engagement with new hires during their first year. Figure 12: Attracting Quality Candidates 0 20 40 60 80 100 We consistently attract high quality applicants Our high quality applicants tend to accept our job offers We have a strong pipeline of diverse candidates 40% 73% 82% 18% 60% 27% Agree Disagree Figure 11: Use of Technology and Integration 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Link candidate screening criteria to other talent management processes such as performance management, development, and succession planning Interview job applicants using competency-based and/or behaviorally-based techniques Leverage recruitment technologyin all aspects of the recruitment process 16% 29% 38% 16% 29% 39% 25% 7% 23% 12% 25% 39% Consistently across the organization To a considerable degree To some degree Not at all
  • 17. 14 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Given the importance of having the right talent in place — as well as the high cost of recruiting new employees — it is critical for organizations to place significant emphasis on their onboarding and assimilation efforts to ensure retention during the first 12 months and beyond. While most organizations struggle in this area, select organizations are applying more proactive approaches to improve onboarding and assimilation. One company we interviewed recently launched an onboarding Web site designed to introduce new hires to the organization. In addition to a welcome message from the CEO, it provides information about the company’s history and leadership principles. New hires can take a virtual tour of the office and access information about the orientation process, as well as a set of checklists for the first 90 days. The site also features corresponding manager checklists to ensure that managers are clear about their role in the onboarding process. Seeking feedback on the onboarding experience, they ask new hires to complete an evaluation after one month and then again after four months. That information is then used to make improvements to the program. The company reports very limited turnover during the first year of employment, an accomplishment which it attributes in large part to the effectiveness of the onboarding program.
  • 18. 15 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Achieving sustained organizational performance through the development of a capable workforce lies at the very heart of talent management. Unfortunately, most companies aren’t very good at it. More than one-half (56%) of the respondents in our study do not feel their organization is effective at developing the capability of their employees. Outside of the leadership ranks, capability development occurs sporadically — and with limited accountability. Further, most organizations do not believe that their managers have the capabilities needed to manage and develop talent. Employees are not getting sufficient guidance on how to develop their skills and grow in the organization. The lack of accountability for developing talent below executive levels, coupled with managers’ lack of capability to develop talent, are key drivers of the struggle many organizations have effectively and consistently executing talent management practices. Lack of accountability and capability for workforce development Organizations successful at building capability and bench strength demonstrate the value of employee development. Commitment starts at the top and permeates all management levels. These leading organizations are truly on the front lines of talent development — guiding, rewarding, inspiring, and growing their talent pools. According to Hewitt’s Top Companies for Leaders study1 , leaders and managers in Top Companies spend significant amounts of time on talent development. In the vast majority of Top Companies, leaders (including the CEO and Board) spend at least 20% of their time developing talent. Granted, much of this focus is driven by a sense of accountability, as 70% of Top Companies hold their leaders formally accountable for developing talent. At American Express, for example, 25% of the senior leadership team’s annual incentive is based on their performance against specific talent and employee objectives. Here, our research reveals some interesting differences in the focus on accountability for results versus accountability for development. The vast majority of organizations agreed that senior executives and managers are held accountable for achieving business results (88% and 87%, respectively). However, this focus on results does not extend to the workforce capability development needed to support organizational priorities. Only 10% of organizations consistently hold senior executives accountable for developing Capability Development and Performance Key Findings in Capability Development and Performance Lack of accountability and capability for workforce development Select organizations directly tackle capability development challenges Reward differentiation is still more of a concept than a reality 1 Hewitt Associates, Top Companies for Leaders 2007: North American Highlights, October 2007
  • 19. 16 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. their direct reports, and just 7% do so with managers. Organizations may be saying that developing talent is important, but they fail to follow through with visible actions, rewards, or consequences. This lack of accountability for talent development is compounded by significant shortfalls in managerial capability. Just 26% of organizations believe their managers have the skills and capabilities to grow people in their jobs to a considerable degree, and only 5% believe their managers demonstrate this ability consistently across their organization. When asked if managers provide ongoing developmental feedback to employees, respondents reported similar results. In most organizations, the responsibility for employee development is shared between employees and managers. While companies are making it easier for employees to take charge of their own development, they are under-investing in manager capability and resources to develop employee capability. Fewer than one-half (49%) of companies indicate that every employee has an individual development plan, and just 48% feel that employees have a clear picture of the skills they should build to support business growth. In addition, many organizations struggle with providing Figure 13: Leadership and Manager Accountability Figure 14: Manager Capability to Develop Employees Not at all To some degree To a considerable degree Consistently across the organization 0 20 40 60 80 100 Managers accountable for developing their direct reports through the performance management process Senior executives accountable for developing their direct reports through performance management process 18% 49% 26% 7% 19% 44% 26% 10% Not at all To some degree To a considerable degree Consistently across the organization 0 20 40 60 80 100 Managers consistently provide ongoing developmental feedback to support and encourage employee development Managers have the skills and capabilities to grow people in their jobs 3% 65% 26% 6% 2% 62% 32% 4% 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6
  • 20. 17 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. internal mobility opportunities to employees. Only 35% claim to offer a considerable number of opportunities, and just 11% report moving people around consistently across the organization. Based on Hewitt’s extensive research on employee engagement and retention, we know the top three levers that motivate and engage employees are: 1) a sense of job fulfillment; 2) career advancement opportunities; and 3) the right mix of rewards that recognize contributions. Given the pivotal role managers’ play in supporting employees in each of these areas, this lack of capability can have serious ramifications for retaining top talent. Select organizations directly tackle capability development challenges While the majority of companies are struggling, a few select organizations are way ahead of the pack, confronting these challenges by implementing manager development programs, holding managers accountable for talent development and engagement through the incentive process, and better defining career paths and capabilities needed to develop employees. At FedEx Express, for example, a development initiative called the “Aspire Program” helps prepare managers for their role. It consists of three levels: 1) understanding management as a concept and a role; 2) management certification through a specific set of courses; and 3) practicing management before becoming a manager. This kind of development ensures that managers are equipped to conduct evaluations, feedback discussions, and other critical interactions with their employees. Figure 15: Employee Development 48% 45% 77% 23% 49% 51% 52% 55% Agree Disagree 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Managers and employees share accountability for employee development Employees can easily access accurate information on available development opportunities Every employee has an individual development plan Employees have a clear picture of skills they should build to support business growth
  • 21. 18 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Kellogg is another leading organization that has taken a proactive approach to workforce development. Through rigorous job analysis, the company identified key competencies for every position within the organization. Kellogg created a career development model for everyone from individual contributors to senior executives, with specific competencies for every level. Managers and employees are clear on what it takes to progress, and Kellogg puts significant emphasis on rotating people into various roles throughout the organization to help them develop key skills. Reward differentiation is still more of a concept than a reality While organizations report making efforts toward aligning performance with rewards, only 14% consistently provide meaningful pay differentiation to high performers or high-potential employees through both base and variable pay. And, just 13% consistently ensure performance ratings, pay, and recognition are proportional to employees’ performance and impact. In addition, many companies may be missing the opportunity to communicate a “total rewards” picture to employees which includes non-cash drivers, such as benefits and development opportunities. Figure 16: Rewarding Performance 14% To some degree To a considerable degree Consistent across the organization Not at all 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Invest the resources necessary to utilize up-to-date market data on competitive total rewards Ensure performance ratings, pay, and recognition are proportional to employees'performance and impact Provide meaningful pay differentiation to high performers/high potentials through both base and variable pay Align rewards within the context of a total rewards strategy (includes compensation, benefits, and development opportunities) 7% 11% 40% 40% 40% 17% 10% 11% 33% 35% 17% 37% 35% 32% 13%
  • 22. 19 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Despite their shortcomings, many organizations are taking steps in the right direction. As we’ve already discussed, the majority of companies are imposing high levels of accountability for driving business results. This extends not only to leaders and managers, but to employees as well. Eighty-two percent of survey respondents affirmed that employees are held accountable for achieving results in their organization, but without a consistent pay-for-performance system, it is difficult to motivate and align employees’ efforts toward specific business results. The implications of this finding are clear — only 11% of respondents feel employees understand organizational priorities and align their individual performance goals with them consistently across the organization. To have a truly high performance workforce, accountability for results and opportunity for rewards and advancement must be clearly aligned. Leaders and managers play a key role in connecting the two.
  • 23. 20 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. In today’s uncertain business environment, strong leadership is more important than ever before. Heightened financial pressures, intense competition, and complex global challenges have increased the demand for crucial skills, such as innovation and the ability to manage change. The ability to develop leaders who can effectively face tomorrow’s global business challenges is critical to an organization’s success. But it won’t be easy. Demographic changes over the next five to ten years will make the competition for leaders even fiercer. Thus, many organizations have come to realize the only way to ensure a strong pipeline of leadership talent is to develop it themselves — an undertaking that has become increasingly challenging. Significant progress has been made in building leadership capability Today’s organizations are placing a significant amount of attention on leadership development — more than any other talent discipline surveyed. More than one-half (60%) of respondents report active involvement of the CEO and Board of Directors in leadership development activities, with 64% saying their organization’s current leaders teach and develop new leaders. At almost three-quarters (73%) of organizations, senior leaders are viewed as corporate assets, rather than business unit or geographic assets. Clearly, the responsibility for developing the leadership team is being taken very seriously. Leadership and High Potential Development Key Findings in Leadership Development Significant progress has been made in building leadership capability Opportunities exist to better align and execute leadership programs High potential development is a priority for many organizations, but consistent execution falls short Figure 17:Executive Involvement in Leadership Development Agree Disagree 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Our organization's leaders teach and develop new leaders Our CEO and Board of Directors are actively involved with leadership development activities Senior leaders are viewed as corporate assets (versus business unit or geographic assets) 73% 40% 64% 36% 60% 27%
  • 24. 21 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. A number of companies have made significant strides in building strong leadership capability. That fact is evident in Hewitt’s Top Companies for Leaders study. From its inception in 2002 to 2007, the study found marked improvement in both the amount of attention paid to leadership development and the quality of leadership programs. Even more encouraging is the finding that leadership development is becoming more interwoven with other talent management systems, particularly succession planning and performance management. Apparently, organizations have discovered that focusing on the quality and integration of leadership development can have a positive impact on business growth. Opportunities exist to better align and execute leadership programs While progress has been made with regard to the emphasis placed on leadership development, significant shortfalls still exist. To effectively build bench strength, for example, companies must align leadership development with their overall business processes. Unfortunately, our research shows most organizations are lagging on this front. Even the best-designed leadership development efforts may not meet the ever-evolving needs of the business if the organization’s strategic business planning process fails to include a review of existing and future leadership needs. When asked if such a review takes place within their organizations, just 27% of respondents said it is done “to a considerable degree.” A mere 14% claimed such a review takes place consistently throughout the organization. Organizations also have plenty of room for improvement in terms of how they execute leadership programs. By all accounts, they appear to be struggling with “growing their own” leaders. Just 23% conduct semi-annual talent reviews “to a considerable degree,” while 17% perform such reviews consistently. Their struggles don’t end there, as they also express difficulties in using formal succession management processes to fill executive positions and conducting performance reviews based on a clear set of leadership competencies.
  • 25. 22 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Of particular concern is the lack of special assignments designed to grow leaders. Only 8% of companies said they consistently use developmental assignments to address specific leader development needs. Likewise, just 9% of respondents consistently use global assignments as a training ground for developing global management capability. Fortunately, not all companies are wrestling with these areas. Select organizations are demonstrating strength in leader assessment and development. Health insurance company Humana believes that successful development evolves from aligning strategy execution with a combination of on-the-job and formal training that aligns active learning and business simulations to create experiential learning by doing. Through its succession process, Humana has identified its top 150 future leaders and is actively developing them. Meanwhile, Lockheed Martin offers a series of leadership development programs that start at entry level and build on one another through the ranks of senior leadership. Elements include rotational assignments, courses at major universities, and task forces focused on solving real-life business problems. At Whirlpool, one of Hewitt’s Top Companies for Leaders, the culture is not one in which “the cream rises to the top”; instead, individuals are proactively developed for future leadership roles through specific success plans. Leaders identify key developmental roles in the organization, and give high Figure 18: Leadership Development Activities To some degree To a considerable degree Consistent across the organization Not at all 35% 29% 31% 44% 38% 31% 9% 37% 27% 37% 0 10 20 30 40 50 Global assignments are used to develop global management capabilities Developmental assignments are used to address specific leader development needs Formal succession management is used to fill executive positions throughout the organization Leadership performance reviews and development activities are based on well-defined leadership competencies Senior executives conduct talent reviews on at least a semi-annual basis 8% 15% 17% 17% 13% 24% 21% 24% 23% 19%
  • 26. 23 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. potentials access to critical experiences through these roles. Some of these roles focus on global operations, others innovation, and still others running a PL. Senior leadership regularly reviews lists of “exportable talent,” and movement of key talent is planned well in advance. This is how Whirlpool has been able to develop “global managers” so successfully. Developing high potential employees is a priority, but consistent execution falls short Growing recognition of the need to develop leadership talent early has given rise to “high potential” or “emerging leader” programs, in which promising talent is identified and cultivated to become the leaders of tomorrow. Not only does this ensure a strong pipeline to meet future needs, it increases the engagement of the company’s most valuable employees. While most understand the need for such programs, many organizations struggle with consistency in terms of high potential identification, communication, and development. At 86% of companies, management identifies high potentials early to at least “some degree” and takes actions to proactively develop them. However, only 7% said this was being done consistently. And while 69% of companies give high-potential employees additional opportunities to interact with senior management, only 13% do so consistently across the organization. Without a well-defined approach to grooming high potential employees, many organizations avoid informing Figure 19: Elements of High Potential Programs 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Management identifies high potentials early and takes action to proactively develop them Our high potential pool is frequently reviewed and calibrated High potentials are given additional opportunities to interact with senior management We expose high potential employees to assignments or special projects outside of their normal business units High potentials are aware of their status 14% 7% 10% 45% 33% 24% 36% 14% 27% 7% 25% 37% 18% 23% 13% 11% 32% 29% 52% To some degree To a considerable degree Consistent across the organization Not at all 43%
  • 27. 24 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. them of their status. More than two-thirds (70%) of organizations either do not inform them at all or do so only to a small degree. Just 7% communicate status to high-potentials consistently across the organization. While the majority of companies are struggling, a few organizations are taking innovative approaches to identifying and developing high potentials. At EMC Corporation, significant emphasis is placed on implementing talent reviews consistently to facilitate the identification of top talent across the globe. Each business unit conducts a rigorous review process to identify top talent. Subsequent cross-business unit calibration sessions ensure consistency in how top talent is viewed across the organization. This culminates in a review session with the CEO. Seeking to streamline the process and make it more efficient, the company recently introduced new technology designed to automate the entire process. Caterpillar Financial also devotes extensive time, energy, and resources to identifying and developing future leaders. Preferring to promote from within, the company rarely hires externally at the management level. Instead, Caterpillar Financial prepares employees for future leadership roles by ensuring access to cross-functional experiences. Managers work with employees to document current skills, career aspirations, and the skills and experiences they need to get there. The company also offers a mentoring program and an extensive learning and development function that includes both on-site and Web-based training for employees. For organizations to be ready to tackle the business challenges of tomorrow, they must begin building a cadre of strong leaders today. While many have already embarked on this journey, it’s clear that more sustained focus and consistency is needed to effectively build this capability.
  • 28. 25 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Savvy companies manage their human capital much like other investments — using measurement to drive decisions and improve results. Metrics help to weave a “talent mindset” into the operating fabric of the business, clarifying expectations and creating a framework for tracking and reporting talent-related results in a language that business leaders understand. As with many areas of talent management, however, we found significant gaps in both the collection and usage of data. Organizations vary dramatically in terms of the quality of their metrics and how they are used, but most are still taking a traditional approach. Few organizations leverage talent analytics to make strategic investment decisions or link them to business performance. As the pressure on revenues and returns increases, companies will need a more strategic approach for measuring talent effectiveness and demonstrating a link to business results. Few companies are strategic about what they measure Instead of being empowered by decision science, the majority of established talent analytics do a good job at telling companies what has happened and how they’re doing operationally but do little to trigger action. Traditional HR metrics, such as benefit and healthcare expenses, are systematically tracked by the vast majority of companies. However, far fewer organizations track metrics related to the quality of talent or the effectiveness of talent programs. Only 10% of organizations employ metrics to gauge the effectiveness of workforce management practices consistently across the organization, and even fewer (7%) consistently use metrics to align human capital investments with business results. By and large, organizations take an ad hoc approach to measurement, tracking a large number of low-impact metrics. Such measurement is helpful in that it provides good current state information, but it does not enable the prioritization and focus needed to improve talent practices or link talent analytics to business results. While 92% of organizations measure total turnover, for example, only 51% measure leadership turnover and just 43% track turnover of high performers. Even with the mass exodus of the baby boomers upon us, only 51% of companies are measuring the percent of employees, managers, and executives scheduled to retire within the next five years. Talent Analytics Key Findings in Talent Analytics Few companies are strategic about what they measure For most, the focus is on operations rather than outcomes Select organizations are leading the way in talent analytics
  • 29. 26 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. For most, the focus is on operations rather than outcomes The majority of companies approach measurement by tracking operational metrics, rather than focusing on outcomes. The most commonly tracked recruiting metrics remain time to fill open positions (76%) and percent of external hires (72%), while more quality-related metrics such as the percent of critical positions that are filled and new hire first-year performance rating are tracked by just 53% and 39% of companies, respectively. Similarly, operational measures prevail in both development and succession metrics. While 48% of organizations regularly measure learning and development hours and dollars per employee, only 24% measure the percent of employees with critical skills. In addition, just 37% track the depth of their succession pipeline, while even fewer (33%) track job openings filled from the succession pool. This focus on operations, rather than outcomes, makes it difficult for organizations to use metrics as a strategic decision-making tool. Figure 20: Turnover Metrics Tracked Figure 21: Recruiting Metrics Tracked 0 20 40 60 80 100 Total turnover rate Voluntary turnover rate High performer turnover Leadership turnover rate Percent of employees eligible for retirement within 5 years New hire 90 days separation rate 43% 51% 51% 51% 84% 92% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Time to fill open positions Cost per hire Number of applicants per hire Offer acceptance rate Percent diverse hires Percent of external hires Percent of critical/key positions filled New hire first year performance rating 39% 53% 72% 67% 61% 76% 69% 56%
  • 30. 27 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Select organizations are leading the way in talent analytics Clearly, many companies are struggling to figure out exactly what they should be measuring and how best to make use of the resulting data. Fortunately, the next frontier for HR analytics is already in sight. Nearly all the Top Companies for Leaders measure the effectiveness of their talent and leadership development efforts and many use metrics to track how specific leaders are moving, developing, and retaining talent. Top Companies are also more likely to track broader outcomes, such as the long-term performance of a placed successor2 . One ranking Top Company for Leaders, Caterpillar, uses a “leadership index” and “engagement index” to measure its leaders’ effectiveness at developing, engaging, and inspiring talent. Planned movement is encouraged throughout the organization as a primary means of developing its workforce. Individual leaders are rewarded not only for the results they produce, but also for their ability to build functional and leadership capability. These examples are part of a larger shift occurring among leading-edge organizations when it comes to measuring HR and Talent Analytics. Select companies are moving from solely tracking data to make operational decisions to utilizing more predictive future-focused metrics to drive business decisions. Figure 22: Percentage of Companies Collecting Development and Succession Planning Metrics 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Learning and development spent per employee Learning and development hours per employee Participation rate in developmental activities Percent of employees with critical skills Internal promotion rate Succession pipeline depth Percent job openings filled from succession pool 33% 37% 56% 46% 48% 49% 24% 2 Hewitt Associates, Top Companies for Leaders 2007: North American Highlights, October 2007
  • 31. 28 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Applying rigorous analytical thinking to drive human capital decisions is still a relatively new concept. However, a growing number of companies are taking bold steps in that direction. For example, Capital One created a workforce analysis team that has been making major inroads in linking human capital and workforce performance to business results. Recently, the team designed an interactive workforce planning process aimed at helping business units establish optimal “build, buy, or borrow” strategies for the future. Using sophisticated data mining and modeling techniques, the team identified how various talent sourcing approaches affected workforce engagement and productivity. This enabled the team to predict the optimal mix of external hiring, internal promotion, and other people practices for driving long-term engagement. Clearly, metrics have the potential to serve as a powerful tool to enhance talent management effectiveness and drive critical human capital decisions. To harness their full power, however, companies must adopt a systematic and strategic approach focused on the consistent tracking of a limited set of measures that drive business value creation. Figure 23: Metrics Evolution Current State of HR Metrics Tactical Approaches Future State of HR Metrics Strategic Approaches What is measured Static and current state HR metrics (answers the question: What are we doing?) Predictive and future- focused metrics (answers the question: What should we do next and why?) How it’s measured Ad hoc approach where many measures are tracked (examples: headcount, labor costs, turnover, total compensation) Selective approach where quality is valued over quantity (examples: ROI of human capital, performance drivers, leadership capability) How the data is accessed and used HR primarily collects and uses data to make operational decisions HR partners with business units to interpret data to drive business decisions
  • 32. 29 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Recommendations for the Future Given the increasingly challenging global business environment, talent management will — and must — remain a top priority for executives in the years ahead. The future of talent management will need to evolve from where it is today to become a more systematic business process. Our research shows us that: Leaders see the value of talent, but most organizations are still struggling to systematize and integrate their talent management processes. There is a need for more direct, tangible accountability for developing talent among leaders and managers, but this accountability needs to work both ways. Companies must provide the training and support managers need to build their management skills and capabilities. Leadership development is clearly a priority, but again, more sustained focus is needed on execution to ensure organizations are ready to tackle tomorrow’s business challenges. Metrics are critical for connecting talent management initiatives and priorities to business results. While there are some clear innovations in this area, most organizations need to push past static operational measures to more strategic, predictive analytics. Ultimately, leading companies demonstrate both breadth and depth of their talent management practices with a clear alignment to overall business and talent strategies and an indefatigable commitment to program execution. So what do companies do now to address the key talent management challenges identified in this report? What is the practical starting point for companies today? Regardless of industry, size, or geography, the following are key actions to help your organization improve current talent management practices or jump-start ones that are just getting off the ground. Sustain executive commitment to talent management Sustaining executive buy-in to the criticality of talent management is especially important in a challenging business climate, when organizations need, more than ever, to have the right people focusing on the right things. Pressure to deliver business results can divert emphasis away from actions that signal an organizational commitment to talent management. Experience tells us that strong performers will always have choices about where to work. To
  • 33. 30 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. retain your most valuable talent and build a foundation for tomorrow, now is the time to ensure that your talent practices are progressive and effective. To sustain leadership commitment, provide executives with data that substantiates the value of talent management. Straightforward analyses that look at the relative contributions of low, average, and high performers can provide compelling “evidence” that acquiring and developing the right talent is critical to achieving business results. Ensure that executives keep talent management on the agenda for every discussion of organizational priorities, and push for consistent, future-focused decisions that communicate the continued importance of talent management. Establish Direction To ensure you are moving in the right direction, you must start with the end in mind. Establish a clear understanding of your organization’s business goals and objectives; then determine whether your current talent management strategy is aligned to drive these goals. Ask the hard questions: Does our organization have the talent it needs to execute our business strategy? How well are talent initiatives coordinated across our business units and the regions in which we operate? Do our talent programs penetrate deeply enough into the organization to support the business effectively? Are managers capable enough to develop and support capability growth? Once you have taken an objective assessment of your strengths and weaknesses, you can begin to frame solutions. This leads to another set of questions: What specific talent outcomes are needed to achieve success? How do we address the shortcomings in our talent management approach? What are the biggest priorities? How do we measure success effectively? Use these questions to start a dialogue within your organization to determine which talent management initiatives will have the biggest impact. Vet the opportunities for real impact “A leader who says I’ve got ten priorities doesn’t know what he’s talking about“ — Larry Bossidy and Ram Charan, in Execution — The Discipline of Getting Things Done
  • 34. 31 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Now more than ever, it’s important to focus on issues that, if addressed, will have the greatest business impact. As in all aspects of running the organization, effective prioritization of talent management initiatives will yield the maximum payback on precious resources expended. Look for ways to get and maintain an accurate picture of how well the organization’s talent practices are actually “landing on people.” This means finding out what’s happening from a qualitative perspective (e.g., employees’ perceptions of development and career opportunity) as well as quantitative data (e.g., such as the number of hits on the development Web site). Non-intrusive workforce surveys, quick pulse questionnaires, “open-mic” employee teleconferences for feedback about talent practices, focus groups, and high performer panels are a few of the many ways organizations are gathering and distilling reliable insight about the essential few areas for action now. Combining feedback of employee perceptions of talent programs with the assessment of capabilities needed to drive business results will help identify key talent management opportunities that have the greatest impact on your organization. Look for new ideas and approaches you can adapt Talent management is no longer about exhaustive benchmarking studies; it’s about scanning the landscape for approaches, steps, and tools being tried and applied, and finding the ones worth looking at more closely. Which other organizations, inside and outside your industry, have practical ideas and methods you might find useful? The idea is to spot opportunities to kick-start, supplement, or re-wire current practices by adapting or tailoring aspects or elements of others’ talent management systems. Colleagues in professional organizations, conference presenters, and publication authors are examples of sources for new thinking that goes beyond the customary talent practices. Look to them for input on thorny issues (e.g., How can we build manager capability when supervisors are stretched by individual and unit workloads at current staffing levels? How do we create the cross-generational and cultural inclusion that will engage everyone to give their best?). Also remember to look within your own organization for the talent practices working well in one part of the business. Find out what they’re doing, why it’s working, and how their learning and practices can be leveraged more broadly across the company. In many organizations, great practices that could help the entire firm win are occurring “under the radar screen.”
  • 35. 32 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Create a realistically aggressive action plan As business and talent management leaders, we all know how to build action plans incorporating critical steps, milestones, and target outcomes. However, as we’ve seen throughout this report, execution is a critical and often mismanaged aspect of building a talent management strategy. Identifying best practices is vital, but effectively implementing them based on a solid action plan is just as important. As you create your action plan, build in sound project management principles to ensure an effective rollout. Consider using pilot programs versus enterprise-wide implementations, time your rollouts with other business initiatives and cycles, and provide consistent communication to foster clarity and commitment. Once you have the solid foundation of project management in place, make sure you maintain a realistically aggressive focus on results. Ask yourself: Does our talent strategy push hard enough to accelerate timelines for results, compared to other areas of the overall business plan? And, does it identify the highest priority areas for action and commit to a limited number of critical deliverables? Do we have clear, quantifiable metrics in place to measure the effectiveness of the implementation and the business impact of our talent-related initiatives? Conclusion While many of these actions appear straightforward, putting them in place is not easy. As with any organization-wide initiative, there is a need for discipline, innovation, and sheer persis- tence to see lasting results. Many of the organizations we’ve highlighted with effective talent management practices have been at it for years — consistently demonstrating their commit- ment to developing great talent. And over time, this commitment has translated into a strong base of talent and a pipeline of leaders with a demonstrable impact on business results. Innovative ideas, strong execution, and a foundation of clear metrics can enable many more talent management professionals to create a talent mindset that will prepare their organiza- tions to face the challenges ahead.
  • 36. 33 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. Acknowledgements Sponsoring Executives Bob Campbell Leader, North America Talent Management Practice, Hewitt Associates bob.campbell@hewitt.com Allan Schweyer Executive Director and Co-Founder, Human Capital Institute aschweyer@humancapitalinstitute.com Research Team Mary Ann Armatys Senior Research Consultant, Hewitt Associates mary.ann.armatys@hewitt.com Diane Caldwell Senior Consultant, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates diane.caldwell@hewitt.com John Eggert Senior Researcher, Human Capital Institute john.eggert@hci.org Katherine Jones President, ICS and Member of HCI Executive Research Board katherine_ics@msn.com Mollie Kohn Principal, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates mollie.kohn@hewitt.com Michael MacLeod Principal, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates michael.macleod@hewitt.com Contributors Michelle Freiberg Senior Consultant, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates michelle.freiberg@hewitt.com Tina Kao Senior Consultant, Talent and Organizational Consulting, Hewitt Associates tina.kao@hewitt.com
  • 37. 34 The State of Talent Management: Today’s Challenges, Tomorrow’s Opportunities Copyright © 2008 Human Capital Institute. All rights reserved. More than 50,001 employees 25,001 to 50,000 employees 10,001 to 25,000 employees 5,001 to 10,000 employees 1,001 to 5,000 employees 1,000 or fewer employees 12% 12% 12% 21% 8% 34% 12% 8% 5% 6% 16% 10% 18% 7% 7% 9% 0 5 10 15 20 Less than $10 Million $10 M to $30 Million $30 M to $50 Million $50 M to $50 Million $100 M to $500 Million $500 Million to $1 Billion $1 B to $5 Billion $5 B to $10 Billion $10 B to $25 Billion More than $25 Billion 2% 9% 5% 4% 3% 3% 3% 8% 12% 16% 23% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 0 5 10 15 20 25 Other Transportation Services Telecom Services and Equipment Retail (Includes Wholesale) Pharmaceuticals Health Care Government Food and Beverages Financial Services Energy/Utilities Manufacturing Construction Computer Hardware and Services Chemicals Business Services Aerospace/Defense 1% 1% 1% 1% 6% 2% 8% 9% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Other Australia Asia Africa Europe South America Mexico and Central America Canada United States 70% Figure 1: Number of Employees Figure 2: Revenue Size Figure 4: Industry Figure 3: Geographic Location About Talent Practices Impact Survey: 2008 Conducted in 2008 by the Human Capital Institute and Hewitt Associates, this study reflects the input of nearly 700 respondents to an on-line Talent Practices Impact Survey, as well as in-depth interviews of a sampling of participants. Participants represent senior-level talent leaders (both HR and non-HR) who are directly involved in functional areas, such as HR, talent management, organizational development, leadership development, and succession planning. Together, they represent a mixture of public and privately held companies from around the globe in a variety of industries, geographies, and sizes. Participating organizations range in size from fewer than 1,000 to more than 50,000 employees. Just over one-half (55%) of participating companies have fewer than 5,000 employees, while the remaining half are somewhat evenly distributed (between 5,000 and 50,000+ employees). Seventy percent of respondents represent talent management practices and processes for U.S. companies, while the remaining 30% are non-U.S. companies. Nearly two-thirds (63%) have operations around the globe.