This document discusses electronic commerce (e-commerce). It defines e-commerce as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet. The history of e-commerce is traced from early forms using technologies like EDI and EFT in the 1980s to the growth of online shopping in the 2000s. The types of e-commerce include B2B, B2C, C2B, and C2C models. Strategies for successful e-commerce businesses are outlined, including developing an effective website, attracting traffic, and maintaining the site.

1. ELECTRONIC
COMMERCE

2. CONTEXT
 Definition of E-Commerce.
 History of E-Commerce.
 Advantages and Disadvantages of E-Commerce.
 Types of E-Commerce.
 E-Commerce Examples.
 Some of E-Commerce Websites

3. WHAT IS E-COMMERCE?
 E-commerce consists of the buying and
selling of products or services over
electronic systems such as the Internet and
other computer networks.
 Electronic commerce commonly known as
e-commerce or eCommerce.

4. E-Commerce
 Electronic commerce was identified as the
facilitation of commercial transactions
electronically, using technology such as
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) and
Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT).
 What is EDI?
 What is EFT?

5. Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) & Electronic
Funds Transfer (EFT)
 EDI is the structured
transmission of data
between organizations by
electronic means. It is used
to transfer electronic
documents or business data
from one computer system
to another computer
system.
 EFT is the electronic
exchange or transfer of
money from one account to
another.

6. History of E-Commerce
 The growth and acceptance of credit cards, automated
teller machines (ATM) and telephone banking in the
1980s were also forms of electronic commerce.
 Another form of E-Commerce was the airline reservation
system, for example Sabre in the USA and Travicom in
the UK.

7.  By the end of 2000, many European and
American business companies offered their
services through the World Wide Web.
 Since then people began to associate a word “E-
Commerce" with the ability of purchasing
various goods through the Internet using secure
protocols and electronic payment services.
History of E-Commerce

8. Advantages of E-commerce
 Faster buying/selling procedure, as well as easy to
find products.
 Buying/selling 24/7.
 Low operational costs and better quality of services.
 Easy to start and manage a business.
 No need of physical company set-ups.
 Customers can easily select products from different
providers without moving around physically.

9. Disadvantages of E-commerce
 There is no guarantee of product
quality.
 There are many hackers who look
for opportunities, and thus an
ecommerce site, service, payment
gateways, all are always prone to
attack.

10. Types of E-comerce
B2B (Business-to-Business)
B2C (Business-to-Consumer)
C2B (Consumer-to-Business)
C2C (Consumer-to-Consumer)

11. BUSINESS TO BUSINESS (B2B)
 B2B can be open to all
interested parties or limited to
specific, pre-qualified
participants (private electronic
market).
 Companies doing business with
each other such as
manufacturers selling to
distributors and wholesalers
selling to retailers.

12. BUSINESS TO CONSUMER (B2C)
 Businesses selling to the general public typically through
catalogs utilizing shopping cart software.
 B2C is the indirect trade between the company and
consumers.
 It provides direct selling through online.
 If you want to sell goods and services to customer so that
anybody can purchase any products directly from
supplier’s website.

13. CONSUMER TO BUSINESS (C2B)
 A consumer posts his project with a set budget online
and within hours companies review the consumer's
requirements and bid on the project.
 The consumer reviews the bids and selects the
company that will complete the project.
 C2B empowers consumers around the world by
providing the meeting ground and platform for such
transactions.

14. CONSUMER TO CONSUMER (C2C)
 It facilitates the online transaction of goods or services
between two people.
 Though there is no visible intermediary involved but the
parties cannot carry out the transactions without the platform
which is provided by the online market maker such as eBay.

15. E-COMMERCE EXAMPLES
 An individual purchases a book on the Internet.
 A government employee reserves a hotel room over
the Internet.
 A business buys office supplies on-line or through an
electronic auction.
 A manufacturing plant orders electronic components
from another plant within the company using the
company's intranet.

18. How to Protect Your Privacy While
Online

19. Strategies for Successful E-Commerce:
Developing an Effective Web Presence
 Decide which tasks the site must accomplish
 An effective Web site creates an attractive
presence and meets the needs of its visitors
 It may be necessary to redefine your site’s
business model to capture new business
opportunities

20. Putting up a Web Site
 Web site hosting companies: companies that
provide the tools and services required to set up
a Web page and conduct e-commerce within a
matter of days and with little up-front cost
 Storefront broker: companies that act as
middlemen between your Web site and online
merchants that have the products and retail
expertise

21. Building Traffic to Your Website
 Obtain and register a domain name
 Make your site search-engine-friendly
 Meta tag: a special HTML tag, not visible on the
displayed Web page, that contains keywords
representing your site’s content, which search
engines use to build indexes pointing to your Web
site
 Web site traffic data analysis software

22. Maintaining and Improving Your Website
 Be alert to new trends and developments in e-commerce
 Be prepared to take advantage of new opportunities
 Personalization: the process of tailoring Web pages to
specifically target individual consumers
 Explicit
 Implicit

23. Summary
 In business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce, customers deal
directly with the organization
 In business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce, the participants are
organizations
 In consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce, the participants
are individuals
 A multistage model for e-commerce includes search and
identification, selection and negotiation, purchasing, product or
service delivery, and after-sales service

24. Summary (continued)
 Supply chain management is a key value chain composed of
demand planning, supply planning, and demand fulfillment
 Mobile commerce (m-commerce) uses wireless devices to
place orders and conduct business
 Electronic retailing (e-tailing) is the direct sale from business
to consumer through electronic storefronts
 A digital certificate is an attachment to an e-mail message or
data embedded in a Web page that verifies the identity of a
sender or a Web site

25. Summary (continued)
 Threats to e-commerce include e- and m-commerce incidents,
theft of intellectual property, fraud, and invasion of consumer
privacy
 Strategies for successful e-commerce
 Developing an effective Web presence
 Putting up a Web site
 Building traffic to your Web site
 Maintaining and improving your Web site

26. MSA Technosoft