4. Propylaea: "that which is before
the gates," but the word has come
to mean simply "gate building."
5.
6. The Theatre of Dionysus is a major theatre in Athens, built at the foot of the Athenian
Acropolis. ... It was the first stone theatre ever built, cut into the southern cliff face of
the Acropolis, and supposedly birthplace of Greek tragedy.
7.
8. Direct democracy only works for
a small group of people who live
fairly close together.
The world’s first democratic
government was a direct
democracy, established in
Greece around the 500s BCE
9. Sparta is an ancient Greek city-state on
the peninsula of Peloponnesus.
The origins of Sparta are wrapped in
Greek mythology. It is told that Sparta
was founded by the son of Olympian god
Zeus, Lacedaemon, and his wife Sparta.
10. Sparta was a military oligarchy governed
by two kings, who also functioned as war
generals and high priests.
On Peloponnesus, Sparta was the
strongest city-state, dominating the other
cities on the peninsula
11. During the Persian Wars, Sparta won the
key battle of Thermopylae in 480 BCE.
Sparta rivaled nearby Athens on the
Greek mainland and conquered it during
the Peloponnesian Wars (431 - 404 BCE).
Sparta then expanded its domination to
all of Greece.
12. Alexander the Great was a king of
Macedonia, an area just north of Greece,
in the 300s BCE.
His father, Phillip of Macedonia, was a
fierce fighter who conquered much of
Greece.
Phillip, however, was assassinated when
Alexander was 20.
13. The people of Greece gave
Alexander authority to lead
them in battle.
In addition to being a king,
he was known as one of the
greatest military leaders of
his time. He conquered
areas quickly, while almost
never losing a battle.
As Alexander marched east,
he conquered most of the
areas of the world that were
known to the Greek people
at that time.
