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FROM CARROTS, CROWBARS,
AND CANDY TO OPTI ONS,
OPPORTUNI TI ES, AND
OWNERSHI P: MOTI VATI ON
AND ENGAGEMENT I N THE
CLASSROOM
MEA Conference
Fall, 2013
http://jmplucker.blogspot.com
Learning Targets
I can:
Consider how motivation and engagement
research can be counter-intuitive.
Gain exposure to five principles of
engagement.
Consider what we do well and places we can
adjust to implement Principle 1: Meaning and
Mastery is Motivating in our educational
environments.
Manage
to handle or direct
to make compliant
to alter for a purpose
Engage
Guiding Principles
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

Meaning and Mastery are
Motivating
Learning is Social
Self-Efficacy
Interest/Relevance
Control and Choice
Adapted from J.T. Guthrie (2008)
Meaning and Mastery are
Motivating
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery
are Motivating


Have you ever offered incentives in class to
produce a desired outcome?





Candy for quiet reading time
Games on Friday

What incentivized programs have you
experienced?


Health club discounts
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating

Special circumstances where “carrots” won’t hurt, and
might help.

If assignment doesn’t inspire deep passion or
require deep thinking, rewards c a n help. BUT:





Offer a rationale as to why the task is
necessary.
Acknowledge that the task is boring.
Allow students to complete the task their own
way.
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating

Essential Requirement for Extrinsic Rewards

Extrinsic reward should be:
unexpected and offered only after the task
is complete.
Now that

NOT

If-then rewards
(Pink, 2009, p.
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating

What is motivating our students?
Performance Goals




Show good behavior
Complete an assignment
Extrinsic rewards






Mastery Goals




get a good grade

Outperform others
Look smarter
Understanding text—not
important





Understanding is most
important
Argue, analyze, debate,
explain, organize,
connect, defend,
conclude…
Not isolated, connected
to “big picture”
Short or long-term
“. . .Clearest findings I’ve ever seen: Praising
children’s intelligence harms their motivation
and it harms their performance.” ~ Carol Dweck
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating

7 Practices of Mastery Motivation
Provide mastery goals
Make tasks relevant

1.
2.


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Relevance vs. Entertainment

Use hands-on activities
Transform text to meaning
Scaffold mastery motivation
Provide re-teach opportunities
Reward effort over performance
Turn and Talk


Share with a neighbor your reflections on what
you’ve just heard or ideas about how to apply
Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are
Motivating.
Learning is Social
“I Can because I think I Can” (Self-Efficacy)
Interest/Relevance
Control and Choice

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Engage motivationmea

  • 1. FROM CARROTS, CROWBARS, AND CANDY TO OPTI ONS, OPPORTUNI TI ES, AND OWNERSHI P: MOTI VATI ON AND ENGAGEMENT I N THE CLASSROOM MEA Conference Fall, 2013 http://jmplucker.blogspot.com
  • 2. Learning Targets I can: Consider how motivation and engagement research can be counter-intuitive. Gain exposure to five principles of engagement. Consider what we do well and places we can adjust to implement Principle 1: Meaning and Mastery is Motivating in our educational environments.
  • 3.
  • 4. Manage to handle or direct to make compliant to alter for a purpose
  • 6. Guiding Principles 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Meaning and Mastery are Motivating Learning is Social Self-Efficacy Interest/Relevance Control and Choice Adapted from J.T. Guthrie (2008)
  • 7. Meaning and Mastery are Motivating
  • 8. Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating  Have you ever offered incentives in class to produce a desired outcome?    Candy for quiet reading time Games on Friday What incentivized programs have you experienced?  Health club discounts
  • 9. Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating
  • 10. Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating Special circumstances where “carrots” won’t hurt, and might help. If assignment doesn’t inspire deep passion or require deep thinking, rewards c a n help. BUT:    Offer a rationale as to why the task is necessary. Acknowledge that the task is boring. Allow students to complete the task their own way.
  • 11. Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating Essential Requirement for Extrinsic Rewards Extrinsic reward should be: unexpected and offered only after the task is complete. Now that NOT If-then rewards (Pink, 2009, p.
  • 12. Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating What is motivating our students? Performance Goals    Show good behavior Complete an assignment Extrinsic rewards     Mastery Goals   get a good grade Outperform others Look smarter Understanding text—not important   Understanding is most important Argue, analyze, debate, explain, organize, connect, defend, conclude… Not isolated, connected to “big picture” Short or long-term
  • 13. “. . .Clearest findings I’ve ever seen: Praising children’s intelligence harms their motivation and it harms their performance.” ~ Carol Dweck
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16. Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating 7 Practices of Mastery Motivation Provide mastery goals Make tasks relevant 1. 2.  1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Relevance vs. Entertainment Use hands-on activities Transform text to meaning Scaffold mastery motivation Provide re-teach opportunities Reward effort over performance
  • 17. Turn and Talk  Share with a neighbor your reflections on what you’ve just heard or ideas about how to apply Principle #1: Meaning and Mastery are Motivating.
  • 19. “I Can because I think I Can” (Self-Efficacy)

Notas do Editor

  1. Jen
  2. Introduce handouts (remind them objectives are there and then there are reflection/note taking boxes for each of these motivations) Jess
  3. Drive by Daniel Pink
  4. Jess
  5. Jen 6 mLess of what we WANT: Intrinsic Motivation High Performance Creativity Good Behavior More of what we DON’T want: Unethical Behavior Addiction Short Term Thinking inutes
  6. Jen 3 minutes
  7. Jen 1 minute
  8. Pgs. 18-19 Guthrie; Students must be motivated to become literate We must move them from performance-minded to mastery-minded Focus of our teaching must be mastery goals Page 7 of packet (Jess)—mindset graphic
  9. p. 27 (Andrew math)—feedback comes AFTER goal, test, reflection!
  10. Let participants brainstorm ideas for this and share out. . . Mastery goals—Andrew’s learning target example (Jen) p. 8 Relevance vs entertainment (Jess) Hand on—RT p. 9 (Tom example of unpacking a standard)—Jess Re teach—How to (Jess) Effort over performance POL (p. 10)
  11. Comprehension and Collaboration by Daniels and Harvey
  12. Steven Layne Igniting a Passion; O’Brien Value Added Assessments Goal Setting Feedback prior to Evaluation
  13. Burke’s What’s the Big Idea Definition of Relevance Engagement does not equal entertainment. Start a Modeling Career
  14. Balance teacher centeredness with student centeredness. Our goal is to move from teacher over control to student empowerment. Students are motivated by mastery, especially with autonomy in how to get it done yet accountability for producing.