Lect kishor-retention

DEFINITION:
Retention can be defined as
holding of teeth in ideal, esthetic and
functional positions.
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DEFINITION:
refers to any loss of correction
achieved by orthodontic treatment.

• The gingival and periodontal tissues are affected by
orthodontic tooth movement and require time for
reorganization when the appliances are removed.
• Changes produced by growth may alter the orthodontic
treatment results and
• The teeth may be in an inherently unstable position
after the treatment, so that soft tissue pressure
constantly produce a relapse tendency

• The occlusion of the teeth is the
most potent factor in determining
the stability in a new position

• Apical base was one of the most
important factors in the correction of
malocclusion and maintenance of a
correct occlusion

• McCauley suggested that intercanine
width and inter molar width should be
maintained as originally presented to
minimize retention problems.

• Mandibular incisors must be kept upright
on their basal bone

• Introduced a consideration of the
necessity of establishing proper
functional muscle balance.

BASIC THEOREMS

• Teeth that have been moved tend to
return to their former positions

• Elimination of the cause of
malocclusion will prevent
recurrence.

• Malocclusion should be overcorrected
as a safety factor.

• Proper occlusion is a potent factor in
holding teeth in their corrected
positions.

• Bone and adjacent tissues must be
allowed to reorganize around newly
positioned teeth.

• If the lower incisors are placed upright
over basal bone, they are more likely to
remain in good alignment.

• Corrections carried out during periods
of growth are less likely to relapse.

• The further teeth have been moved, the
less likelihood of relapse.

• Arch form, particularly in the
mandibular arch cannot be
permanently altered by appliance
therapy.

• MOYER’S
Many treated malocclusions require
permanent retaining devices.

RETENTION
PLANNING

Retention planning is divided into three
categories depending on the type of treatment:
• No retention
• Limited retention in terms of both time and
appliance wearing
• Permanent or semi permanent retention

No Retention required
• Corrected cross bites: Anterior, Posterior
• Dentition that have been treated by serial
extraction.
• Corrections that have been achieved by
retardation of maxillary growth, whether dental or
skeletal.
• Dentitions in which the maxillary and mandibular
teeth have been separated to allow for the
eruption of the previously blocked out teeth.www.indiandentalacademy.com

Limited Retention
• Class I non-extraction cases characterized
by protrusion and spacing of maxillary
incisors; these cases require retention until
normal lip and tongue function has been
achieved.

Limited Retention
• Class I or class II extraction cases probably
require retention, so that the teeth be held in
contact, particularly in the maxillary arch,
until lip and tongue functions can achieve a
satisfactory balance, as in the non extraction
group

Limited Retention
• Corrected deep overbites, either in class I or
class II malocclusions, usually require
retention in a vertical plane

Limited Retention
• Early correction of rotated teeth to their
normal positions.
• Corrected rotations in the mandibular incisor
area probably lend themselves best to
retention by a removable type of appliance.
• Transseptal fibre surgery offers the best
possibility of stabilizing rotated teeth.

Permanent or Semi permanent
Retention
• Cases in which expansion has been the
choice of treatment (particularly in the
mandibular arch)

Requirements
• It should retain each tooth that has been moved
into the desired position in direction where there
are tendencies toward recurring movements.
• It should permit the force associated with
functional activity to act freely on the retained
teeth, permitting them to respond in as nearly a
physiologic manner as possible

• It should be as self-cleansing as possible
and should be reasonably easy to maintain
in optimal hygienic condition.
• It should be constructed in such a manner as
to be as inconspicious as possible, yet
should be strong enough to achieve its
objective over the required period of use.

• Removable: Hawley retainer
Wraparound or Clipon retainer
Positioner
• Fixed
• Active retainers: Spring retainers
Modified functional appliances

Types: Classic and Modified
• Most common removable retainer used following
orthodontic treatment is the classic Hawley’s
retainer or one of its many variations.
• Basic applaince consists of an acrylic base with
molar clasps and an ant. Labial bow with vertical
adjustment loops located in the canine region.
Disadvantages:
• tendency to open spaces distal to the canine

Lect kishor-retention

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