This slide covers Teamwork, Communication, self evaluation checklist, activities on Team work and communication for more slides visit www.iMaczine.com

1. Team Work

2. Introduction
• The interaction that takes place between two individuals is
different from that which takes place among three or more.
• Team work is an essential part of workplace success.

3. Behaviours Can Be Noticed at the Time of
Discussion
• The participants know each other by name or role.
• There is considerable amount of interaction among the
participants.
• Each participant has some degree of influence on every other
member.
• There is Leadership.

4. 1.Cohesiveness
2.Norms
3.Roles
4.Conformity
5.Groupthink
6.Conflict
Factors Influencing Group Communication

5. Cohesiveness
Cohesiveness
• The quality of forming a united whole: the film lacks
cohesiveness | a sense of national pride and internal
cohesiveness.

6. Norms
• Group norms are standards or limits that define appropriate
behaviour of its members,
• these norms are not formally communicated to its members, but
are learnt by the members through observations and
experience.
• Any member who fails to follow group norms may be
isolated from other members, ignored, and in some cases,
excluded from group meetings.

7. Roles
• Every member of the group has a role, they play several
roles. These roles could be either official or unofficial.
• Taking on a role leads others to have some expectations
about your behavior in the group.Some Roles Played by Members
Isolate Sits and fails to participates
Harmoniser Keeps tension low.
Free rider Does not do his/her share of work.
Detractor
Constantly criticizes and gripes.
Airhead
:
Is never prepared for group meetings.

8. Conformity
• Conformity is agreement with or correspondence to a set of
ideas, rules or principles.
• Participants who value conformity give in, compromise or
abandon their individual positions tojoin others in the group.
• Conformity may be necessary for group effectiveness.
• Conformity to various rules, to standards, and especially to
group goals is necessary under all conditions of group
decision-making.

9. Groupthink
• Groupthink is the tendency of group members to seek
agreement.
1. Being out of touch
2. Being out of order.
3. Being overruled.
4. Being out of resources.
Four Conditions to Rise Groupthink

10. Conflict
• The term ‘conflict’ is greatly a misunderstood facet of group
communication.
• Many group leaders avoid conflict because they think that a group
experiencing conflict is not running smoothly.
• Skilful leaders can use conflict as a means to determine what is and what is not an
acceptable idea, solution or problem.

11. Sl No Argumentativeness Scale
Your
Response
Your
Score
1
While in an argument, I worry that the person I am arguing with will form a
negative opinion of me.
2 Arguing over controversial issues improves my intelligence.
3 I enjoy avoiding arguments.
4 I am energetic when I argue.
5 Once I finish an argument, I promise myselfthat I will not get into another.
6 Arguing with a person creates more problems than it solves.
7 I have a pleasant. good feeling when I win a point in an argument.
8 When I finish arguing with someone, I feel nervous and upset.
STRATEGIC SKILLS

12. Sl No Argumentativeness Scale
Your
Response
Your
Score
10
I get an unpleasant feeling when I realise I am about to get into an
argument.
11 I enjoy defending my point of View on an issue.
12 I am happy when I keep an argument from happening.
13 I do not like to miss the opportunity to argue a controversial issue.
14 I prefer being with people who rarely disagree with me.
15 I consider an argument an exciting intellectual challenge.
16 I find myself unable to think of effective points during an argument.
17
I feel refreshed and satisfied after an argument on a controversial
issue.
18 I have the ability to do well in an argument.
19 I try to avoid getting into argument.
20
I feel excitement when I expect that a conversation I am in is leading
to an argument.

13. STRATEGIC SKILLS
Sl No Verbal Aggressiveness Scale
Your
Response
Your
Score
1 I am extremely careful to avoid attacking a person’s intelligence when I attack her/his ideas.
2 I use insults to “soften” stubborn people.
3 I try very hard to avoid influencing people by making them feel bad about themselves.
4
If someone refuses to do a task I know is important for a reason that does not seem valid to me, I
accuse him/her of being unreasonable.
5 When others do things I think are misguided, I try to be extremely gentle with them.
6 If someone I am trying to influence really deserves it, I attack her or his character.
7 When people demonstrate poor taste, I insult them to shock them into proper behavior..

14. Sl No Verbal Aggressiveness Scale
Your
Response
Your
Score
8
I try to make people feel good about themselves even when I think
their ideas are useless.
9
When people simply will not budge on a matter of great importance,
I lose my temper and make strong emotional outbursts.
10
When people criticize my shortcomings, I take it in good humor and
do not try to get back at them.
11 When people insult me, I get a lot of pleasure out of overreacting.
12
When I dislike someone strongly, I try not to show it in what I say or
how I say it.
13
I like poking fun at people who do or say careless things to “wake
them up”.
14
When I attack a person’s ideas, I try not to damage his/her self—
concept.
15 When 1 try to influence people, I make an effort not to offend them.

15. Sl No Verbal Aggressiveness Scale
Your
Response
Your
Score
16
If] see someone act cruelly, I tell everyone else how terrible he/she
is in hopes of changing his/her behavior.
17
I refuse to participate in arguments when they involve personal
attacks.
18
When I am unable to influence others through conventional tactics, I
resort to yelling and screaming at them.
19
When I am not able to refute others’ positions, I try to make them
feel defensive to weaken their positions.
20
When an argument shifts to personal attacks, I try very hard to
change the subject.

16. Negotiation
• Negotiation or bargaining frequently involves argumentation and
verbal aggressiveness.
• In order to make negotiation a constructive and productive experience for all parties
concerned.

17. Conflict Management
Conflict:
• The term ‘conflict’ is greatly a misunderstood facet of group
communication.
Conflict Management:
• Conflict management can be a healthy way to open up lines
of communication, initiate problem solving and discuss
change.

18. Causes of Conflict
1. Content goals:
• In a conflict situation, the conflicting parties believe they
understand the real content of the goals in the situation.
2. Relational Goals:
• Relational goals are central to conflict resolution and deal
with perceptions of how one party should be treated and
will treat the other party.

19. Managing Conflicting Goals
1. State your goals in clear, unambiguous language
2. Draw out clearly stated goals from the other party.
3. Openly discuss the difference between your content and relational
goals.
4. Make sure that you and your opponent have a shared
understanding of each other’s goals.
5. Show that upholding your goals will not prevent managing
the conflict productively.

20. Some Ways to Encourage Goal Collaboration
1. Search for commonalities among the competing goals.
2. Recognize that some of your opponent’s goals may not have long term implications and
you may be able to live with them.
3. Remember the adage “Every defeat is a victory and every
victory is a defeat”.
4. Give some concessions while asking for some.
5. Develop new goals that incorporate and complement the
competing goals of all parties.

21. Strategic Approach to Conflict
1. Goal setting.
2. Situational Knowledge.
3. Communication Competence.
4. Anxiety Management.

22. Virtual Team
• Virtual teams have emerged as a powerful structure in the
contemporary business environment, and are characterized
by the use of information and communication technologies.
• A virtual team can deliver large strategic, operational or
commercial projects involving various concurrent and
sequential activities by team members across various
geographical localities.

23. Benefits of Virtual Teams
• Virtual teaming has been associated with a number of
important bene ts and advantages over collocated teams.
1. Critical Success Factors.
2. Organizational structure.
3. Team processes and the virtual environment.

24. COMMUNICATION ON
THE NET

25. E-MAIL

26. 1. Building Relationships With Your
Writing
• Use the customer’s name
• Avoid jargon
• Be friendly
• Be confident and competent
• Show empathy

27. 2. don’T TAKe eMAIL For
grAnTed• Careless emails, especially if you slander someone,
could land you in court.
• Email is never completely private. Something you
wrote could come back to haunt you.
• Email passwords can be stolen.
• Violating company policies may cost you your job.
• Careless and sloppy emailing can tarnish your
reputation.

28. 3.ThAnK You For WhAT?
There should be no need to finish every email with ‘Thank
you’ or, worse still, ‘Thank you and Regards’.
• Thanks for your help.
• Thanks for your patience.
• Thanks for your understanding.
• Thank you for your support.

29. 4. Write as you speakThere lies the golden rule of writing: If you wouldn’t say it, don’t
write it!
• We refer to your email message.
Thanks for your email.
• The above-mentioned workshop will be held next Tuesday, 4 May.
This workshop will be held next Tuesday, 4 May.
• The below-mentioned goods will be despatched to you next
Monday.
These goods will be sent to you next Monday.

30. 5.Consider your reader when you write
1.Is your message clear and concise?
2.Is there anything that could be misinterpreted?
3.Will anything create confusion or misunderstanding?
4.Have you beaten about the bush instead of getting to the
point?
5. Is the language appropriate considering your status and the
reader’s?
6.Have you used words you would use if you were speaking to
the reader?

31. 6. PuncTuATe ProPerLY
PLeASe!
• Use a comma between two complete thoughts (i.e. full
sentences)
• Use a comma after introductory phrases.
• Use commas to separate items in a list.
• Use a comma before and after information that could
be placed in brackets.

32. 7. Use Verbs not Nouns
• I will help you in the negotiation of a better salary. -
I will help you to negotiate a better salary.
• Introducing lunch talks ensured the motivation of staff. -
We motivated staff by introducing lunch talks.
• My new manager is helping me in the realisation of my
career goals.
- My new manager is helping me to realise my career goals.

33. 8. Show your smile in E-Mails
People who take time to put some thought and show
some feelings in their emails will have ultimately
greater success.
Show some emotion
Try to paint a picture of what you are communicating.

34. 9. uSe PoSITIVe WordS To geT PoSITIVe
reSuLTS
Negative:
We will not be able to supply you with the books unless your full
delivery address is provided.
Positive:
Please let us have your address so we can deliver the books.
Negative:
Our shop closes at 10 pm every day and all day on Sunday.
Positive:
Our shop opens from 10 am to 10 pm from Monday to Saturday

35. 10. uSe LISTS And buLLeTS
Which one of these examples is easier to read?
1. We would like the workshop to cover the nature of
conflict, managing customers’ expectations as well as
dealing with difficult situations and repairing relationships
with customers.
2. We would like the workshop to cover:
• Understanding the nature of conflict
• Managing customers’ expectations
• Dealing with difficult situations

36. 11. LeArn The neW ruLeS oF
buSIneSS WrITIng
• If you can say it, you can write it
• Write for today, not yesterday
• Aim to build relationships

37. • Confident tone
• Conversational tone
• Positive tone
• Courteous tone
12. uSe The rIghT Tone To geT The
rIghT reSuLTS

38. 13. uSe PLAIn engLISh
Instead of
We need to make an improvement
Please help me to sign
We assist to forward it to them.
Write
We need to improve
Please sign
We will forward it to them.

40. THE CORE RULES
OF NETIQUETTE

41. Rule 1 : Remember
the human

42. Rule 2 : Adhere to the same
standards of behavior online

43. Rule 3 : Know where
you are in cyberspace

44. Rule 4 : Respect other
people's time and
bandwidth

45. Rule 5 : Make yourself
look good online

46. Rule 6 : Share
expert knowledge

47. Rule 7 : Help keep flame
wars under control

48. Rule 8 : Respect other
people's privacy

49. Rule 9 : Don't abuse
your power

50. Rule 10 : Be forgiving of
other people's mistakes

51. Introduction to communication skills

52. Activity - 1
• What are the different types of communication skills?

53. Communication skills
• Communication skill is the art and technique of
communicating
• Communication skills is the ability to use language and
express information
• Communication skills is the set of skills that enables a
person to convey information so that it is received and
understood.
• Communication skills refer to the behaviours that serve to
convey information

54. Objectives of communication
• Communication could have many objectives depending on the
context and the person involved
• The objective of the communication depends on the purpose to
be achieved

55. Forms of communication
• Expository communication: Focus of communication is on
subject
• Persuasive communication: Focus of communication is on
the receiver not the subject

56. Activity - 2
Give any example for expository and persuasive types of communicatio

57. Business organisations involved in different forms of
communication to achieve following objectives
• To inform
• To persuade
• To train
• To educate
• To motivate
• To integrate
• To relate
• To entertain

58. Communication process
• One way communication: Receiver is inactive
• Two way communication: Receiver is active

59. Activity - 3
Classify the following situations into one way or two way commun
• Watching TV
• Interview
• Talking to a friend over phone
• Attending a lecture
• Watching a cricket match
• Conference
• Writing personal diary
• Listening music

60. EFFECTIVE BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE
ORAL COMMUNICATION

61. Learning Objective
•The principles of business correspondence
•The importance of style
•The importance of grammar

62. Effective Business Correspondence?
Exchange of information in written format for the purpose of business ac
Takes place between the organisations and within organisations

63. INTRODUCTION
Formal or informal aims to be effective
Baring exceptions
Purpose of every letter is to convey a message

64. Common Principles
1.A good expressive/ articulating ability.
2.Ability to use appropriate words and phrases.
3.Familiarity with technical termsand phrases required.
4.All facts and details on the matter of correspondence

65. Some Essential Principles which include C qualities of a good
letter writing
I. Completeness
2. Conciseness
3. Courtesy
4. Concreteness
5. Correctness
6. Comprehensiveness
7. Consideration
8. Clearness

66. Completeness
To make your letters complete without the omission of important details-
Think what information the recipient needs.
Collect, examine and think about the facts and figures, that should find mention
Review the materials so collected , group it into related units.
Ensure that nothing has been left out.

67. Conciseness
Making use of as few words as possible
withoutsacrificingclarity,correctnessorcompleteness
savesthetimeof the writer and the reader and receives his
prompt attention.
Use your wordscarefully and responsibly.

68. Should be differentiated from shortness.
Of writing maychose to keepcertainfactsout.
Includeseverythingimportant andkeeps out only those things that
are repetitive, redundant or relatively unimportant

69. Conciseness is achieved by
1.eliminating all stock phrases and unnecessary words.
11. avoiding any sentence that may insult thereader.
iii. revising each sentence to make it simple and brief.

70. Activity
General Form Concise Form
We beg to acknowledge the receipt
of your
Thank you for your letter
If andwhen
Use either if or when
More better Use much better

71. Your precious advice
Your advice
Avail yourself of this opportunity
Take/ use this opportunity
Inthe city of Kashmir
In Kashmir

72. At a price of Rs.
At Rs. (or for Rs.)
Unless and until
Unless
Exceedingly glad
Glad

73. Wonderfully good
Good/ excellent
Only too pleased to
Glad to
Ifyouwill refer to your file Please refer to your file

74. Cheque on the amount
Cheque for
Final conclusion
Conclusion
In the process of calculating
In calculating

75. You are requested to Please
Letter with regard to-. Letter about
Real dangeror realdifficulty Difficulty

76. Simplicity
Formal Expressions Reason for Objection
"Enclosed herewith pleasefindacheque tothe value ofRs 500".
Not standard English. A more personal way of putting the idea is
avoided need lessly.
"Please find"seemsaridiculous phrase. "Herewith" is
a pretentious legalism.
"Respectfully yours" False compliment, undulyservile.
" Iam inreceiptofyouresteemed favour".
Verbose ." I am in receipt of' is not correct English.
"Esteemed favour" is too stiff and may even suggest
ins incerity.
"We should ask you to be goodenough
to...."
Rambling and verbose. "Be good enough to" is a piece
ofempty formality.

77. Formal Expressions Reason for Objection
"We are endeavouring to produce. ...."
Pompous - the phrase suggests that its user
tends to exaggerate. Simple words reach the
intelligence and feelings more surely and
natur a lly.
“ I regret to inform you that....."
A convenient phrase, but sounds rather
formal. Apologies, to be effective must be as
personal as possible.
"We shall notify you in due course as to
the date of dispatch...."
Verbose. " As to" is a phrase that commonly
leaves the meaning vague. The s a me ·
objection may be made to 'concerning', '
regarding' , ' respecting", and ' with regard to'.
The mostdirectword to use is ' about'.
"We shall beglad if you...."
Unnecessary circumlocution. Some
correspondents feel that is impolite or
offensive to come to the point too quickly but
most feel comfortable with such an approach.

78. Suggested Alternateves
"I enclose a cheque for Rs 500”.
"Yoursfaithfully”.
"Thank you for your letter " .
"Weare trying to obtain...". (or 'to get').
"I am sorry o tell you that.…”
" We shall let you know when the goods will be sent... “

79. Courtesy
Politeness costs nothing.
One should try to be courteous in all of one's dealings.
A courteous business man says " Please" , when he wants a favour, " Thank you", when he
receives a favour, "I am sorry", when he feels that he has hurt someone's feelings
Without intention or when he is unable to do a favour and observes the
In a business context, courteous letters relating to shortage or non delivery are more likely
to receive immediate attention than ones that accuse the sender of deliberate negligence.

80. Activity
Wrong Correct
We request you to please send.. ...
Please send us
3. You must have been ignorantof
Perhaps, you are not aware of
3. We have received your application
Thank you for your application

81. 3. We regret to inform you that it is impossible for
us....
We are sorry that we are unable to...
3. Be prompt in writing to us the
receipt of...
Please inform us the receipt of .. . ....
3. Thanking you in anticipation Thank you

82. Advise
Say or tell
3. You have our permission
You may
We hope that you would furnish us Please send us

83. Bitter words to avoided
1. Your failure to respond
A small person/buyer like you
·A petty businessman of yourcalibre
The debt due by you
Failingwhich wewill suspend you

84. Consideration
Every responsible•writer should try his/ her best to dispense with the "I
and WE ATTITUDE' .
Reader feels it as promoting his benefit.
Never impose point of viewor ideas uponthereader.
Try toconvincethe reader inanappealingand tactful way.

85. Opposed to this style is the other one that puts you
at the centre :
I. You will benefit bythis policy because……
2.You will bepleased to hearthatourcompany willshortlyopen a newbranchoffice
m• your town to serve our ……
3.You will be pleased to know .... ..
Wholesalers likeyou bought 10,000 sewing machines last year.

86. Conversational Style
follows thesoundest principles of communication that demand a letter
Like fact -to-face talking
To be interactive
All speaking is interactive.
Since the reader is physically absent in a letter, one has to anticipate
what the reader will say or feel and write accordingly.

87. In this respect there is not much difference _between a personal letter
and an effective formal letter.
Let us see the difference between old, stiff style specimens and their
conversational versions:
Stiff Conversational
Please be advised that you should submit the form
before 30th June. You should submit the formbefore30thJune
This is to advise that we deem it a great pleasure to
approve to the subject of your request as per your
letter.....
Yes, you may use the equipment.....
Thanking you in advance.... I/we sincerely appreciate....

88. Stiff Conversational
I hope thismeets with your requirement and approval. I hope you approve.
Kindly advise/inform at an early convenient date .
Please let me know soon
Pursuant to this matter, I wish to state thatthe
aforementionedprovisionsare unmistakably clear.
The contract provisions are clear o_n this point.

89. Clarity of Goal
Every effective letter is written with a clear goal in mind.
The goal is not clear ,letter will reflect the confusion.
Every letter is a reflection ofthewriter'smind.
He/she should be clear in giving information.
Allthe factsand figures must bestated in thesimplestpossiblelanguage.
Thereisnoscopeforambiguityandflowerylanguagein letterwriting.·

90. Shortand Crisp letter
SIGMA TECHNOLOGY
NORTHSHIRE: U.K.
Our ref...
Mis...
Dear sir,
Thank you for your initiative concerning representation of our product in India.
Mis - - - - - is already doing so. However, their performance has not been very satisfactory
ahd at some time in the future we may consider change. I am filing your letter, but at this
moment cannot be any more positive.
Thank you for the interest in Sigma Technology.

91. Persuasion
Persuasionis the mainfunctionof manycommunications ,bothformal and
informal.
It is most evident in effective business letters.
Involvesskillful useof wordsto impresssomethingon someone else.

92. Sincerity
Sincerity means that our readers must believe what we say.
must be convinced that we mean what we say.
sincerity in letter writing isan impression that we create out of a play of words.
it is important that we do not sound insincere or hypocritical t rough words of
questionable value.
Words of exaggeration like 'extraordinary', 'sensational', 'revolutionary', 'greatest',
'amazing', etc must be avoided in letters.
Letter should address the intelligence, apprehension or anxieties of the reader in a
direct, yet, pleasant way.

93. Positive Language
The use of positive language becomes all the more important in a formal or bus
Positive words stir up positive feelings.
Weshould find positive substitutes for them.

94. Due Emphasis
The first and last sentences of a letter and paragraph and the first and last words
The reader's attention is focused most on these points.
Points/words are understood and retained better in the reader's mind.
More important points should given more space in the body of the letter.
Emphasis by sentence structure, comes in a different way.

95. Care of Culture
The question of culture and communication has become important.
It is very well possible that one of the first official letters you will have
to draft is to a foreigner whom you have never met and whose culture
you know nothingabout.
First build a rough knowledge.
It is best to write letters in simple.
General service list words that are universally understood and accetable.

96. Ethical Standard
Ethicsis aboutmorality-the faculty inside you that helpsyou
distinguish between right andwrong.
Business correspondenceshould uphold a certain ethical standard.
It is said that there are no ethical considerations in business.
Be clear about legitimate goalsand useourbestthinking in
achieving themthrough genuinely sincereexpression.

97. GETTING THE STYLE AND GRAMMAR RIGHT
Ten Common Faults of Business Letters
1. Stiff and formal
2.Incomplete and obscure
3. Negative
4.Irritable
5.Badly spelled and punctuated
6.Dull
7. Rambling
8.Ungrammatical
9. Self -centred
10.Full of stalephrase

98. Avoidable Phrases
Wrong and Out of Date Usage
Under the circumstances.
You have asked for machine tools we do not deal in
You are insisting on the mode of settlement we objected
to.
We would recommend.
We are this day writing.
Above mentioned.
Laborious/Out-dated obsolete
Soas to, with a view to, with the object of
For the purpose of
By means of

99. Servile
Awaiting the favour of your esteemed command (orinstructions).
Thanking you for past favours and assuring you of our best services (for promp
Trusting to befavoured with your continued support .
Apologising you of our bestattention at all times.
We beg to say, state or inform.

100. Kindly advise your esteemedfavour.
In accordance with your esteemed request.
We extend our apologies.
With kindest regards.
Our humble request.
Your good-self.

101. Anticipating yourreply.
We deem it advisable on yourpart.
Regret to advise.
Antagonising

102. Exaggeration
Amused
Amused Unbea:-
able or Intolerable
Stupendous
Monstrous
Gigantic
Prodigious
Terrible
Dreadful
Frightful
Score of
times

103. Colloquial Adverb
Jollygood
Terribly late
Awfully kind

104. Difficult and/or Confusing Foreign Phrases
1.As per
2.Proximo
3.Instant
4.Ultimo
5.En route
6.Per annum

105. Passive Voice instead of ActiveVoice
We dispatched the goods on 15th March 20…
You did not sign theorder.
You sent your order after the expiry of our firm's offer.

106. Current Usage
In the circumstances
We recommended
We are writingtoday
We shall wait for yourreply
It would be better...

107. Some Common Errors Corrections
Most of you must be troubled by the common mistakes that you
Commit as a part of your day to day writing , specially while writing
letters.
There are several reasons responsible for this.
One of the most common is called the translational fallacy.

108. Subject- Verb Agreement
The letter with enclosures were (was) received.
The large warehouse with the whole of its contents were (was
destroyed).
The committee were (was) unanimous in its decision.
Eighty rupee a month for (is) sufficient pay for him.

109. More than one workman were (was) killed.
Every member of the house have their (has his/her) own views on the m
We cannot accept these (this) kind of goods.
Every order are (is) carefully handled.
The goods which is (are) damaged.

110. Use of Pronouns
It is me (I).
I here should be no secrets between you and I (me).
If I was him, (were he) I should act differently.
She has been more successful than me (I).
I never go to businessmen whom (who) I know are dishonest.

111. We have received your order of 10‘h July, 20... and the same (it) is receiving a
Who (whom) are you referring to.
One is proud of his (one’s) own success.
We agree your the‘) conditions mentioned in your letter.

112. Use of Comparatives
l. Have never seen nothing (anything) as good“ as this.
2. If you allow. meta discount like (as)‘you did last time, I may place an order.
3. A fewer (smaller) number.

113. Use of Prepositions
Pushed in (for) time.
Replace the goods on (at) our own expense.
Complained for (of) the delay.
Supply us of(with) these goods.
A reply on (to) our letter.

114. Activity
Incorrect Correct
No by no means By no means
He comes always late
He always comes late
I have got a hat
I have a hat
I ordered goods The goods ordered
The matter referred to The matter to which you refer

115. Punctuation marks
The modern tendency is to use few punctuation marks.
Punctuation is designed to make reading matter clearer and easier.
Are used based on common sense.

116. Few Punctuation Marks
Name Sign
Full stop .
Comma
,
Semi- Colon
;
Colon ;
Exclamation !

117. Name Sign
Question Mark ?
Apostrophe
‘
Brackets
[]
Dash ——
Hyphen -

118. Hints to use comma and full stop in a letter
A comma is used to separate the items from one another.
A full-stop is used after every abbreviation.
There is no punctuation between the month and the day.
The abbreviations "th", " st" , " d" , " rd" , etc. are not used in the
heading after the day of the month .
The name of the city should be followed by a (full-stop).

119. The latest tendency is to avoid the insertion of a comma between the
number of the premises and the street name .
Avoid comma before ' Ltd.’
Avoid comma after "Co."

120. Example:
Messrs. K. Yadavarao & Sons.
Prince of Mysore
Road Mysore.
The salutation should be followed by a comma.
Example:
Dear sir,

121. The complimentary close should be followed by a comma.
Examples:
Yours faithfully,
Yours sincerely,
Yours truly,

122. Activity
Assume you work in a company, write a letter to your
manager regarding the product completion within the given
time.