This document outlines a program to teach novice nursing students about the nursing process and critical thinking skills. It will take place every Monday for 1.5 hours. Various teaching strategies will be used, including flipped classrooms and traditional lectures. The nursing process involves 5 steps: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. These steps will provide students with a framework to identify patient needs, care for patients holistically, and enhance critical thinking. The overall goal is for students to gain understanding of the nursing process to deliver effective patient-centered care.

1. ppt notes
Manda R McIntyre
Running head: PPT NOTES
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PPT NOTES
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ppt notes
#1 This practicum experience will involve teaching novice-
nursing students beginning their first semester of the nursing
program. It is at this time that students are introduced to the
nursing process and critical thinking skills. According to the
American Nurses Association Standard the nursing process is
the foundation for critical thinking skills. I chose a nursing
educational curriculum to provide a thorough understanding of
the nursing process and critical thinking skills and enhance
the nursing students to knowledge of critical decision making,
problem solving, passing of the HESJ test and the NCLEX-RN
examination. The nursing process is a tool used by nurses
worldwide to promote quality evidence based practice care.
#3 The nursing process was introduced in 1955 by Hall and

2. Johnson (1959). It is essential core of practice for the nurse to
provide holistic, patient-centered care. The Nursing process
provides critical thinking competencies that should be taught
through out their nursing curriculum. It is a systematic
approach to identifying patient’s actual problem or potential
problems and assist the nursing students in establishing a plan
of care to meet the identified needs. It is a process that can be
implemented in all areas of nursing and a framework that
nursing students and nurses should use consistently and
methodically use throughout their career to enable them to
organize data, performance comprehensive nursing assessement
and construct a plan of care the is appropriate to meet patient
identified needs.,
4. Cont of the introduction
#5 problem objectives
The nursing process and critical thinking is the essential core of
practice for nursing students to deliver holistic, patient, patient-
centered care. It is important that novice-nursing student learn
what the nursing process is and how it will be used throughout
their nursing career. According (1998) to Ferguson objectives
are statements of desired behaviors, observable, teachable, and
learnable that exhibit evidence of learning. The objectives are
written to assist the students to focus on what is the important
to learn. The students chosen for this program are first year
novice nursing students.
#6 Program Agenda
This is an ongoing program that will be taught every Monday
from 10.00 am to 11:30am. Their will be two instructor teaching
this program, and will have a total of fifteen students each. The
class will be held on the first floor, room 128 and 130. At the
beginning of class I introduced myself and give a short
summary of my nursing experience. Overview of what is
expected from the students for them to succeed in learning the

3. nursing process and critical thinking skills. At the end of class
time will be allowed for answers and questions and the
students given a folder which included the syllabus, handouts
,and how to excess webinars and tutorials.
ICebreakers
#7
An icebreaker exercise will be implemented as a means of
showing a caring attitude toward the new nursing students.
This is a time when they are afraid and have many mixed
emotions. It extremley important for the instructor to
demonstrate a behaviors of caring because it make it easier for
the student and instructor to form a professional relationship
early in the semester . The BINGO game will be used in a non-
traditional method. The students will be asked to interview
each other to obtain the information and write the name of the
individual in the square and when they achieved “BINGO” call
it out! Prizes of penlight, pens, bookmarks, and note pads will
be handed out. Icebreaker provide the students a chance to
interact with each other and begin to build a professional
nursing relationship and reduce anxiety. The students will
spent 15 minutes talking and interacting with each other to get
acquaint, ask and answers the question, and learn of their
history and medical experience. Icebreaker will be used in the
classroom to make the student feel comfortable and become
more engaging.

4. #8 content teaching strategies
Teaching strategies that will be implemented are to promote
active learning process and critical thinking skills in the
students. The flipped classroom is one of the method used
which provide the student with instruction that is delivered
online, and outside of class. Students in a flipped classroom,
materials delivery may take a variety of forms such as such
video lectures on line or may be provided on a DVD or a jump
drive. The “value of a flipped class is in the repurposing of
class time into a workshop where students can inquire about
lecture content, test their skills in applying knowledge, and
interact with one another in hands-on activities. During class
sessions, instructors function as coaches or advisors,
encouraging students to use their skills.” The another method
is the Traditional method in which the primary instructor is
teaching the class.
The nursing process is a educational tool integrated in nursing
schools to assist novice nursing students and nurses to provide
best practice care. It offers the nursing students nursing a
organizal framework that promote their critical thinking
process. It is a process that is flexible and steps are develop
upon each other and each phase overlap the previous phase. The
importance of the nursing process is that it provide holistic,
patient-focused, evidence –based practice care. The five steps
of the nursing process start with Assessment, Diagnosis,
Planning, Intervention, and end with Evaluation. These steps
are taught to assist the the students to explore patients health
status, identify problems, interpret results, and develop a
collaborative care plan to meet the need of the patients
#9Define nursing process
The nursing process is a educational tool integrated in nursing
schools to assist novice nursing students and nurses that work
with the high demand of complexes patient. It offers the nursing
student a chance to ask questions and research which is the best
practice for a patient... The process that is flexible and steps
are develop upon each other. Each phase overlap the previous

5. phase. The importance of the nursing process is that it provide
holistic, patient-focused, and effective care. The five steps of
the nursing process start with Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Intervention, and end with Evaluation. These steps are taught
to assist the students to explore patients health status, identify
problems, interpret results, and develop a collaborative care
plan to meet the need of the patients.
#10Teaching Step of nursing process
The nursing process consist of five steps. The acronym ADPIE
is use to discuss each steps of the nursing process. Assessment
is the collection of data. Nursing Diagnosis specific problem is
identify. Planning: when nurses collaborative with patient to
set goals. Implementation: phase when intervention are carried
out. Evaluation: this phase the patient is assess to the
response of the nursing interventions. Nursing process is an
excellent tool for novice nursing students, it present a problem-
solving approach that enables the student to recognize patient’s
problems and potential problems and facilitate a plan of to meet
the patient’s need. Nursing process framework is a template for
care that connect the dot to the critical thinking process.
The nursing process is a educational tool integrated in nursing
schools to assist novice nursing students and nurses to provide
best practice care. It offers nursing a organized framework for
the critical thinking process. It is a process that is flexible
and steps are develop upon each other. Each phase overlap the
previous phase. The importance of the nursing process is that it
provide holistic, patient-focused, and effective care. The five
steps of the nursing process start with Assessment, Diagnosis,
Planning, Intervention, and end with Evaluation. These steps
are taught to assist the the students to explore patients health
status, identify problems, interpret results, and develop a
collaborative care plan to meet the need of the patients.
# 11Assessment
The nursing process consist of five steps. The acronym ADPIE

6. is use to discuss each steps of the nursing process. Assessment
is the collection of data. Nursing Diagnosis specific problem is
identify. Planning: when nurses collaborative with patient to
set goals. Implementation: phase when intervention are carried
out. Evaluation: this phase the patient is assess to the
response of the nursing interventions. Nursing process is an
excellent tool for novice nursing students, it present a problem-
solving approach that enables the student to recognize patient’s
problems and potential problems and facilitate a plan of to
meet the patient’s need. Nursing process framework is a
template for care that connect the dot to the critical thinking
process
#12 blank
#13Assessment
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process. Assessment
is a continuous process carried out during each steps of the
nursing process. Assessment is the initial phase of the nursing
process. There are four steps in collecting information from the
patient. The four steps enable the nurse to gather information
about the overall health status and establish a plan of care
according to the needs identify. Connecting the dots are part of
the assessment and critical thinking skills
#14Assessment continue
To collect comprehensive data the nurses use a variety of skills
to complete thorough assessment. When the nurse first meet the
patient assessment start immediately. The patient is the primary
source of information. The data can be subjective or objective
data. Subjective date is the verbal statement communicate by
the patient. This data is not measurable and obtained verbally
from the patient. For example “I have sharp pain in my stomach
after I eat.” Objective data is obtain by observation,

7. measureable , and tested. Objective information is obtain by
using the senses other diagnostic tests for example an
abdominal x-ray.
#15Assessment cont
The assessment is a critical steps of the nursing process and is
essential to provide best practice care. The four activities of
the assessment phase is collecting data, organizing data,
validating data, documenting data. The steps enable the nurse
to gather information about the patient and family that can be
implemented in diagnosis, planning, goals, and evaluation.
SOAP notes are usually related to primary health issues.
S-stand for subjective data and symptoms,
O- objective finding the nurses are using their senses and
relevant laboratory data, vital signs, and diagnostic procedures
A- stands for assessment, condition change
P-stands for plan, nursing intervention that deal with the
specific problem
P-stand for problem
I-stand for interventions
E-evaluations
PIE notes include nursing progress note, goals and reviewed
daily to prevent less redundary
Focus DAR notes
D-data
A-action
R-response
Dar focus notes are used on broader scale. The nurse can focus
on the patient’s strengths
#16
Nursing Diagnosis is a tool used by nurse educators, nursing
colleges, and health care organization. Nursing diagnosis is not
a medical diagnosis, it a problem present during the nursing

8. assessment which is caused by the disease. NANDA enables the
nurses to use a common language to describe the patients
health relate to illness. A total of 206 nursing diagnosis labels
are currently approved by NANDA. Nursing diagnosis is the
foundation for establishing a patient’s nursing care plan
#17 Nursing Dx
The nurses use the nursing diagnoses as a way to communicate
nursing requirements for patient care to other nurses and
medical care team. It is important for the patients to have a have
accurate nursing diagnosis to ensure patient receive quality
nursing care.
#18 Blank
#19Third step
Third step of the nursing process includes the construction of
guidelines that establish the proposed direction of nursing
practices in the resolution of nursing diagnoses and the
development of the patient’s plan of care. Prior to this step is
the collection of assessment data and the development the of
nursing diagnoses. A plan of action is formulated with specific
goals to resolve the nursing diagnoses or health issues of the
patient . S- specific to the patient, M-measurable, A-action
oriented, R-realistic, and T- time specific.
#20Blank
#21 Goals
Goals derived from the nursing diagnosis are broad statement
about what the patient will be after the nursing interventions
has been implemented.
A goal or expected outcome statement describes patient
behaviors that would demonstrate a reduction, resolution, or
prevention of a particular problem identified in the nursing
diagnosis. Short term goals- is an objective behavior or
response that expects the patient to achieve in a short period of
time, usually less than a week, a few hours or days.

9. Long-term-goals-Is an objective behavior or response that
expects the patient to achieve over a longer period of time,
several hours, weeks and or months.
Expected outcomes: is an objective behavior that expects the
patient to achieve.
Goals/expected outcomes must be congruent with the response
component of the nursing diagnosis statement.
#23Invention/implementation
Nursing intervention are based on the nursing diagnoses and
identified goals/expected outcomes. interventions are prioritized
according to the order in which they will be implemented.
Interventions should be individualized to meet biopsychosocial
needs of the patient.
All phases of the nursing process, it is important to include the
patient and family or significant others in the process of
planning and implementing appropriate nursing actions. Nursing
interventions assist patient to maximize her capabilities. Nurse
must understand the rational, technique, and possible effects of
each intervention action.
Finally the nurse must document care given to patient. “the old
saying, “if it is not charted it has not been done”
Accurate and completed documentation of patient care is a legal
requirement in all health care settings.
#23Invention/implementation cont
Patients with multifaceted it takes a team of nurses and other
health professionals to provide the best quality care. The
patient is the most important part of the team, and through a
collaborative team based approach, patients can receive the
highest quality of care. Independent- nurse initiates
intervention and act independently without doctor orders.
Dependent- Nurse requires a doctor to implement intervention.
Collaborative-requires a multiple team of nurses and health care
professional with skills and knowledge. Implementation this
phase is the “doing and documenting of the process.
Intervention that was identified in the original planning is
implemented.

10. #24 Blank
#25Evaluation
The patient’s role in the nursing process is never more
important than in the evaluation process.
The nurse can assess through objective data whether or not the
nursing actions were effective.
The patient provides necessary subjective data regarding the
effectiveness of the plan of care.
Goals should be sign by RN and indicate whether the goal was
resolved, partially resolved, or not resolved at all.
#26
Critical Thinking
Nursing students need for critical thinking in nursing has been
accentuated in response to the rapidly changing health care
organization. Nurses must think critically to provide effective
evidence based practice care whilst coping with the expansion
in role associated with the complexities of current health care
systems.” According to Simpson & Courtney (2008) It is
important that nurse educator assist nursing students in gaining
competences in critical thinking skills by using a varies of
teaching strategies that include case studies, role play small
group discussion and questioning. Critical thinking and the
nursing process are connected by the problem solving method.
#27 Learning agreement
The learning agreement is a process used to transfer the
responsibility of learning from the instructor to the nursing
student (Barrington & Street,2009). This process enables the
student to move from passive learning to active learning
process. This higher level of thinking enables the nursing
students to grow and achieve their career goals. The objectives
are clearly stated and by the end of the program the students
will be able to define, and implement the nurse process and
critical thinking skills.

11. Missing slide
Accomplishing the outcomes that the novice nursing students
gain a understanding of the nursing process and critical thinking
skill will provide a solid foundation to provide holistic patient
centered care. My goals for the future include becoming a
nursing professor at the university I graduate from. As nurse
educator I will be able to prepare novice nursing students to
face challenges of life –threatening situations. Nursing students
will be provide hand on experience that helps to develop
personal philosophies and values that will inevitably follow
them into their own practice
#28 Professional help
To implement this program required the support of the Dean of
the Nursing Department, Program Director current nursing
instructors, and mentor. The effects of the program focus will
be immediately, seen pass taking the course. The students will
be given a questionnaire evaluation upon completing the course.
The Dean of the Nursing allowed me to attend faculty meetings
to observe the interactions between the different faculty of the
department. Meeting new students each semester and welcoming
them to the school was highlight of relationship
#29
Nurse educators should provide students with information on
available resources to help deal with potential problems. Novice
nursing students explore their support systems and begin to
formulate a record of available sources to help them to be
successful. The school’s web page will be opened and the
students were shown how they could access the information
needed to contact the different resources for students. Faculty
information was provided for each students and office hours.
#30
Fast pace changes in the health care system have put a large
demands on nurse educators to educate novice nursing students
on the nursing process and critical thinking skills. Nurses must

12. be able to make quit accurate decision in the time of emergency
situation. The nursing process will enables nurses to identify
health care needs, determine priorities, establish goals,
outcomes, implement intervention, and evaluate provide
evidence based practice care.