The byproduct of sericulture in different industries.pptx
Stephen Howard Nature V Nurture
1. How the Brain is Wired:
Nature vs. Nurture
LTCY 199
Stephen Howard
2. Definition of
Nature/Nurture
Nature: Also known as “nativism” or
“innatism”.
The idea that traits or abilities are “native” or
coded into human brains at birth.
Nurture: Also known as “empiricism” or
“behavioralism”.
The idea that intelligence is obtained, not
through birth, but experience.
3. Tabula Rasa
Term coined by John Locke, Latin for
‘blank slate’.
Center of Nature v. Nurture Argument.
Tabula rasa favors the idea of nurture.
Occasionally considered irrelevant by
supporters of nature, because the cerebral
cortex has predefined programming.
4. Elaboration on Nature
Supporters of nature, in the most pragmatic
form, believe that individuals are most influenced
by biological factors.
Supporters of nature tend to cite the theories of
Freud, Piaget and Erikson
Freud supports psychosexual ideology, which
believes that humans are fueled through lives via their
sexual desires.
Erikson believes in psychosocial ideology, which
states that humans go through life, struggling to
obtain a suitable social status.
Piaget will also be mentioned briefly, concerning his
studies on learning.
5. Erikson’s
Psychosocial Stages
Infancy (Birth to 16 Months)
Trust vs. Mistrust
Early Childhood (2 to 3 Years)
Autonomy vs. Shame and Misdoubt
Preschool (3 to 5 Years)
Initiative vs. Guilt
School Age (6 to 11 Years)
Industry vs. Inferiority
Adolescence (12 to 18 Years)
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Young Adulthood (19 to 40 Years)
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 Years)
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Maturity (65 to Death)
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Hollitscher, W. (1970). Sigmund Freud, an introduction; a presentation
of his theory, and a discussion of the relationship between
psychoanalysis and sociology.
6. Freud’s Stages of
Psychosexual Development
Oral, 0-18 Months.
Focuses on the mouth.
Anal, 18-36 Months.
Focuses on urination and defecation.
Phallic, 3-5 Years.
Oedipus and Electra Complex.
Latency, 6 Years-Puberty.
Identified by suppression of sexual desires.
Genital, Post-Puberty.
Identified by the want to fulfill sexual desires.
Syque (2002-2009). Freud's Psychosexual Stage Theory. Retrieved
July 9, 2009 from , Web site:
http://changingminds.org/explanations/learning/freud_stage.htm
7. Piaget’s Stages
of Development
Sensori-Motor
Birth-2 Years
Pre-Operational
2-7 Years
Concrete Operational
7-11 Years
Formal Operational
11 Years-Onward
Atherton, J. (May 23, 2009). Piaget's Developmental Theory.
Retrieved July 9, 2009 from , Web site:
http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm
8. Concerning Nurture
Science tends to have an obvious bias
towards nature, seeing nurture is difficult
to research.
Majority of nurture research refers directly
to behaviorism
9. Behaviorism and
Behaviorism Theory
Developed during 20th century.
Behaviorism: ‘Response to Stimuli’.
Common theory used in education.
Several different ‘subcategories’ within the
behaviorism theory.
10. Behaviorism Subtopics
Classical
Methodological
Radical
Teleological
Additional subtopics are cited, but these
subcategories are considered ‘standard’.
Culatta, R. (2009). Behaviorist Learning Theory. Retrieved July
Theory.
9, 2009 from , Web site:
http://www.innovativelearning.com/teaching/behaviorism.html
11. Why Does This Matter?
Learning about your nature, your nurture,
contributes to your self-awareness.
Self awareness leads to self-actualization.
Reaching self-actualization makes us
more proficient learners.
12. Works Cited
Atherton, J. (May 23, 2009). Piaget's Developmental Theory.
Retrieved July 9, 2009 from , Web site:
http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm
Tabula Rasa. Retrieved July 9, 2009 from Web site:
http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Tabula_rasa
Hollitscher, W. (1970). Sigmund Freud, an introduction; a presentation
of his theory, and a discussion of the relationship between
psychoanalysis and sociology.
Syque (2002-2009). Freud's Psychosexual Stage Theory. Retrieved
July 9, 2009 from , Web site:
http://changingminds.org/explanations/learning/freud_stage.htm
McDevitt, T. M. & Ormrod, J. E. (2004). Child Development: Educating
and Working with Children and Adolescents (2nd ed.). Columbus,
OH: Pearson.