Nepal Presentations at Regional DP / DRR Workshop Biratnagar July 14-15, 2010

1. g]kfnsf] ljsf; of]hgfdf k|sf]k / k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] cfGtl/sLs/0f tyf k|sf]k k"j{tof/L of]hgf ;fu/ cfrfo{ sfo{qmd lgb]{zs /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] ;lrjfno

2. xflb{s :jfut Pjdgd:sf/ Û

3. k|sf]k÷ljkbs] xf] < of] To:tf] cj:yf xf] hxfF dflg;sf] ;fdfGo hghLjgdf PsfPs cf;fdfGo kl/l:ylt l;h{gf x'G5 . dflg;sf] hLjg tx;gx; x'G5, ef}lts ;+/rgfx? Wj:t x'G5g. dflg;n] c?sf] ;xof]usf] ck]Iff u5{g. Tof] ;do s]jn qf;do dfq x'Fb}g dfqf cg';f/ eofjx ;d]t x'g] / gf]S;fgLsf] l:yltdf k'¥ofp5 . k|sf]k÷ljkbzAbn] — cK7f/f] kl/l:yltnfO{ hgfpF5, — ;dflhs ;+/rgfdf gf]S;fgL b]lvG5, — p4f/sf] ck]Iff ul/G5,

4. k|sf]k÷ljkbJoj:yfkg ljleGg gfdx?M k|sf]k, ljkb ljkQL, b}jL k|sf]k, k|fs[lts k|sf]k, kof{j/0fLo k|sf]k . k|sf]k÷ljkbfO{ lgld6fGg kfg{ ;lsGg t/ Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 . cfsl:ds sf]ifsf] Joj:yf, ;+:yfut Ifdtf clea[l4, hgzlQmnfO{ tflnd, k|efjsf/L ;+rf/, k|sf]knfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{ vfnsf k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f dfkm{t k|sf]k Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 . k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkgaf6 hgwgsf] gf]S;fgLnfO{ sd ug]{, ljkQLdf k/]sfnfO{ p4f/ / /fxt, ;"rgfsf] cfbfg k|bfgaf6 r]tgfsf] clea[l4 u/L jftfj/0f d}qL ljsf; ckgfpb} lbuf] ljsf;tkm{ cufl8 a9 ;lsG5 .

5. sf/0fx?M cJojl:yt / xr'jf j;f]jf; k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] nfk/jfxLk"0f{ k|of]u sdhf]/ k"jf{wf/ cj}1flgs e"pkof]u k4lt sdhf]/ Joj:yfkg gLltx? k|fljlws vf]h / cg';Gwfgsf] sdL k"j{tof/L / nufgLsf] sdL

6. k|sf]k÷ljkbf k|sf/x?M k|fs[lts e'sDk, af9L klx/f] cfFwLj]x/L, cl;gf, r6fË v8]/L dfgjLo lqmofsnfk hGo -;fdfGo ;fjwfgLaf6 klg aRg / arfpg ;lsg]_ cfunflu, klx/f] cf}Bf]lus b'3{6gf ;8s b'3{6gfx? dxfdf/L

8. dfgjLoM hLjg:t/, vfB ;'/Iff, lhljsf]kfh{g

9. Eff}uflnsM hj/h:tL (Forced) a;fO;/fO{, dfgj clwsf/, ;fdflhs s'/LtL

10. /fhg}ltsM cl:y/tf, åGå, lj:yfkg

11. cfly{sM pTkfbsTj, /fhZj, nufgL, /f]huf/L, cfly{s c;Gt'ng

13. cGtl/d of]hgfsf d'Vo d'Vo sfo{gLltx?M k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f;DjGwL cfof]hgfx? sfof{Gjog ug'{k"j{ g} jftfj/0fLo k|efj cWoog Pj+ k|fs[lts k|sf]k d"NofÍg ;DjGwL Joj:yfnfO[ ;'b[9 ul/g]5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f;DjGwL gLltut tyf ;+:yfut ;+oGqdf ;do;fk]If ;'wf/ ul/g]5 . k|sf]kaf6 kLl8tnfO{ /fxt, p4f/ / k'gM:yfkgf ug{ ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L / lghLIf]qsf] ;xsfo{nfO{ ;'b[9 ug{ pko'Qm ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fdf ;fd'bflos ;+:yfx? / cfd hg;xeflutf clej[l4 ug{ ;r]tgf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .

14. cGtl/d of]hgfsf d'Vo d'Vo sfo{gLltx?M k|sf]ksf] cTolws hf]lvd /x]sf If]qx?sf] klxrfg / gS;f+sg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fpb} k|sf]kk"j{sf] tof/Ldf hf]8 lbOg]5 . k|sf]k Joj:yfkg;Dj4 lgsfox? / hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ub}{ k|sf]k Joj:Yffkgsf nflu u[x dGqfnonfO{ s]lGb|o ;dGjostf{sf] ?kdf ;Ifd / ;'b[9 agfOg]5 . df};d tyf hnjfo"sf] eljiojf0fLnfO{ b'?:t agfpg] k|ljlwsf] k|of]u ul/g]5 . e+"–Ifo, klx/f], af9L / gbL lgoGq0f sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L?kdf sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .

15. cfufdL of]hgfsf] d:of}bf of]hgfn] k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf & j6f If]qx? dWo]sf] Ps k|d'v k|fyldstfsf] If]q jftfj/0f ;+/If0f u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 kg]{ c;/ Go"g ug{ / cj;/x?sf] pkef]udf Wofg lbO{g] 5 . o;nfO{ Pp6f cross-cutting ljifosf] ?kdf lnOPsf] .

16. cfufdL cfjlws of]hgfsf] d:of}bfdf ljkbk|sf]k Joj:yfkg /0fgLltM != k|b"if0f o'Qm ;jf/L ;fwg qmlds ?kn] lj:yfkg ug]{ / jftfj/0fd}qL -h:t}M ljh'nLaf6 rNg] uf8L, ;fOsnnfO{ j9L k|fyldstf lbg]_ lglZrt Go"gtd :t/sf] ;]jfsf] dfkb08 k'/f ug]{ ;jf/L ;fwgnfO{ dfq rnfpg lbg] . @= jftfj/0f d}qL k|ljlwx?sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ u/L hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"n x'g] u/L s[lifhGo h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;b'kof]u ug]{ . #= k"jf{wf/ ljsf; / lgdf{0f sfo{sf] sf/0faf6 IftL x'g] jgh+unsf] u'0ffTds cg'kftdf j[Iff/f]k0f u/L jg sfod ug]{ . $= kljq lxdfno e"kl/wL k4lt (Sacred Himalaya Landscape)sf] ;+/If0f tyf ;Dj4{g ug]{ .

17. cfufdL cfjlws of]hgfsf] d:of}bfdf ljkbk|sf]k Joj:yfkg %= cfw'lgs ;"rgf k|ljlw d}qL e"ldJoj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; u/L e"–;"rgfdf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfsf] kx"Fr a9fpg] . ^= hg;++Vof j[l4sf] ;d'lrt ljZn]if0f / Joj:yfkg ub}{ a;fO{;/fO{sf] ;d'lrt lgodg ;d]t u/L hg;+Vofsf] If]qLo ljt/0fdf ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ hf]8 lbg] . &= jftfj/0fd}qL -hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng ;d]t_, :yfgLo >f]t ;fwgsf] k|j4{g ug]{ vfnsf vfg]kfgL ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ . *= u|fdL0f :t/df hn pTkGg k|sf]ksf] Go"gLs/0f, phf{ ljsf;, jftfj/0fd}qL k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f tyf pko'Qm ;/;kmfO{ of]hgfjf6 jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf cfly{s cj;/df ;'wf/ Nofpg] . (= gbL lgoGq0f tyf l;+rfO ;+/rgfx?sf] lgdf{0f tyf dd{t ;+ef/nfO{ lbuf], k|efjsf/L tyf lskmfotL jgfpg cg';Gwfg ug]{ / o:tf cfof]hgfx? ;+rfng ubf{ jftfj/0f d}qL, hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'lnt / /f]huf/L clej[l4 ug]{ u/L l8hfO{g Pj+ sfof{Gjog ug]{ . !)= hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f ;]jfdf hgtfsf] kx"Fr clej[l4 ug]{ .

18. cfufdL cfjlws of]hgfsf] d:of}bfdf ljkbk|sf]k Joj:yfkg !!=hnljB't cfof]hgfx? jftfj/0fd}qL, hnjfo" cg's"lnt ;d]t x'g]u/L lbuf] tyf nfut k|efjL agfpg] . !@=;'/lIft oftfoftsf] nflu lbuf], ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ oftfoft ;~hfnsf] ljsf; ug]{ . !#=;'/lIft, lskmfotL tyf jftfj/0f cg's"n cfjf;x?sf] ljsf; ug]{ . !$=jftfj/0f tyf ;fdflhs b[li6sf]0faf6 pko'Qm j:tL tyf zx/x?sf] ljsf; ug]{ . !%=k|fs[lts k|sf]k tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{gsf] sf/0fn] k/]sf k|efjx? Go"gLs/0f ug{ k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnL ;+oGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ . !^=k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f (DISASTER RISK REDUCTION) tyf jftfj/0fLo k|efj / hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"lnt jgfpb} k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] ;+/If0f / Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

19. cfufdL cfjlws of]hgfsf] d:of}bfdf ljkbk|sf]k Joj:yfkg !&= :jf:Yo;+u ;DjGwL dfgj ;+zfwg / ef}lts ;+/rgf tyf :jf:Yo ;+:yfsf] Ifdtf ljsf; Pj+ cf}ifwL / pks/0fsf] k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg ug]{ . !*=k|lt/f]wfTds, k|a4{gfTds, pkrf/fTds / k'g:yf{kgfd"ns u'0f:t/Lo ;]jfx? :yfgLo:t/;Ddsf hgtfsf] kx"Fr x'g] u/L k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ . !(=df};d eljiojf0fL k|0ffnL e/kbf]{ jgfpg] . @)= /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]udf s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] GIS ;DaGwL s]Gb|Lo 8f6f e08f/ (Central Data Repository) :yfkgf ul/g] .

20. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx? !=! ;jf/L ;fwgsf] cj:yf k/LIf0f ug{ dl;gdf cfwfl/t k/LIf0f k|0ffnLsf] cjnDag ug{ e]Osn lkm6g]; 6]i6 -Vehicle fitness centers_ k|0ffnLsf] sfof{Gjog / lj:tf/ ul/g]5 . !=@ :t/o'Qm ;]jfsf] j}1flgs dfkb08 tf]sL To;sf] dfkb08 k"/f gug]{ k'/fgf / k|b"if0fo'Qm ;jf/L ;fwg lj:yfkg ul/g]5 . !=# oftfoft If]qdf k|b'if0f lgoGq0f ug{ If]qut ?kdf pko'Qm dfkb08 tf]sL qmlds ?kdf kl/dfh{g u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . @=! ljZjJofkL hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 s[lifdf cg's"ng ub}{ s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f / pkof]udf j[l4 ul/g] 5 . @=@ s[lif h}ljs ljljwtfdf cfwfl/t pTkfbg j[l4, /f]huf/L Pj+ cfod"ns sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug{ k|f]T;fxg ub}{ tT;DaGwL ahf/ tyf pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ k|f]T;fxg ul/g] 5 .

21. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== #=! /fli6«o k|fyldstfk|fKt k"jf{wf/ ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{af6 x'g] jg h+un gf]S;fgLsf] Ifltk"lt{ ug{ o:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;sf] nflu k|of]u ePsf] If]qkmnsf] u'0ffTds cg'kftdf j[Iff/f]k0f u/L jg sfod ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf nfu" ul/g]5 . #=@ åGåjf6 gf]S;fgL ePsf] jg ;Dkbfsf] j[Iff/f]k0fjf6 / cGo ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] k'glgdf{0faf6 k"g:yflkt ul/g]5 . $=! kljq lxdfno e"kl/wL k4lt /0fgLlt @))^ cg';f/ tof/ ul/Psf] h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hLjj:t' ;+/If0f, :jR5 hn ;+/If0f, lbuf] lhljsf]kfh{g, ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f, hnjfo' kl/j{tg / jftfj/0f ;+/If0f ;DjGwL sfo{of]hgf nfu' ul/g]5 . %=! hUufsf] gfk gS;f ubf{ cfw'lgs k|ljlw ckgfOg]5 . %=@ e"–;"rgf k|0ffnL4f/f hUuf ;DjGwL ljj/0f cBfjlws u/L ;|]:tf tyf gS;f ;DjGwL ljj/0f sDKo"6/Ls[t u/L nfu" ul/g] 5 .

22. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== ^=! hg;+Vof Joj:yfkg;DaGwL ljBdfg gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L To;sf] cfotg / k|efjsfl/tfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg pko'Qm gLltut, ;+:yfut tyf sfo{ut txdf ;'wf/ ul/g]5 . ^=@ kl/jf/ lghf]hgsf ;fwgsf] pkof]u, hg;+Vof lzIff / r]tgfsf] clej[l4af6 hg;+Vof j[l4nfO{ Aojl:yt ul/g]5 . ^=# u|fdL0f tyf kl5 k/]sf If]qx?df ;fdflhs, cfly{s ;]jfx? Pj+ ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] ;+t'lnt ljt/0f, :of6nfO6 zx/x? k|a4{g, PsLs[t jl:t ljsf; / a;fO{ ;/fO{sf] k|j[lQnfO{ Jojl:yt ub}{ hg;+Vofsf] If]qLo ljt/0fdf ;+t'ng Nofpg k|of; ul/g]5 . &=! zx/L÷c4{zx/L 3gfj:tL ePsf :yfgx?df k|zf]wg k|0ffnL ;lxtsf] :oflg6/L 9n lgdf{0f ul/g]5 . &=@ ;fgf ;fgf 9n k|zf]wg k|0ffnL :yfkgf / ;~rfng u/L k|zf]lwt kfgL gbLdf k7fpg] Aoj:yf ul/g]5 . &=# vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{sf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ubf{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gjf6 kg{ ;Sg] c;/ Go"gLs/0f ug{ ljz]if ;fjwfgL ckgfO{g]5 .

23. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== &=$ vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfx?nfO{ lskmfotL, lbuf], jftfj/0fd}qL tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's'lnt jgfpg cfjZos cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ ;+:yfut Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . *=! hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f, phf{ tyf cGo k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, ;/;kmfO{ of]hgf sfof{Gjog ubf{ jftfj/0fd}qL k|ljlw ckgfO{ ;+/If0f ;d]tsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 . (=! of]hgfx?sf] l8hfO{g tyf sfof{Gjogdf /f]huf/L, ul/jL Go"gLs/0f, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f / hnjfo' kl/jt{gjf/] ljz]if Wofg lbOg]5 . !)=! hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f ;]jfnfO{ Aofks jgfpg ljs]Gb|Lt ;+:yfut ;+/rgf ljsf; ul/g]5 . !)=@ hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f ;]jfsf] Aoj:yfkgnfO{ nfut k|efjsf/L agfpg o;sf sfo{qmdx?nfO{ cGo ;/sf/L lgsfox? ;+u klg ;dGjo ul/g] 5 . !)=# hn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f sfo{qmdnfO{ k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;DkGg ug{ cfjZos >f]tsf] Aoj:yf ul/g]5 .

24. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== !!=! ljB't pTkfbgnfO{ lskmfotL tyf lbuf] agfpg cg';GwfgnfO{ ;+:yfut ul/g]5 . !!=@ hnljB't cfof]hgfx?sf] l8hfO{g tyf lgdf{0fdf jftfj/0fd}qL tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng ;lxtsf k|fjwfgx? /fVg] sfo{ ul/g]5 . !@=! ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ jftfj/0f ;+/If0f x'g] u/L :yfgLo lgdf{0f ;fdfu|L tyf ;Lksf] k|of]u ul/g]5 . !@=@ ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ jftfj/0fLo, ul/jL Go"gLs/0f, ;dfj]zL tyf /f]huf/Lsf kIfx?nfO{ ljif]z Wofg lbOg]5 . !@=# ;8s lgdf{0fnfO{ lbuf], ;'/lIft tyf lskmfotL agfpg cfjZos OlGhlgol/Ë b:tfj]h (Code & Specification)x?sf] pTkfbg tyf k|of]u ul/g]5 . !@=$ ;8s lgdf{0f ubf{ ;8s ;txsf] jiff{tsf] kfgLnfO{ e"ldut hn Recharge ug{ k|of]u ul/g]5 . !#=! ejgx¿nfO{ u'0f:t/o'Qm, lskmfotL, ;'/lIft agfpg /fli6«o ejg ;+lxtfsf] kfngf clgjfo{ ul/g'sf ;fy} lzko'Qm sflnu9 tyf k|fljlwsx¿ pTkfbg ul/g]5 .

25. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== !$=! gu/ If]qdf lgdf{0f x'g] cUnf ejgx?sf] lgodgnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 . !$=@ k|d'v nf]sdfu{x?sf] cf;kf;df Jojl:yt zx/ ljsf; ul/g]5 . !$=# /fhwfgLsf] jl/kl/ pku|x gu/ (Satellite City)sf] ljsf; ul/g]5 . !$=$ lbuf] tyf Jojl:yt zx/L ljsf; of]hgf tyf j:tL ljsf; sfo{qmd nfu" ul/g]5 . !$=% x/]s lasf; If]qsf Ps Ps u/L slDtdf kfFr j6f If]qLo zx/x?df PsLs[t k"af{wf/ lasf; ul/g]5 . !$=^ 7"nf ;x/, /fli6«o tyf k|fb]lzs ;x/, ;fd'bflos j:tLx? tyf lghL cfjf; ljsf;sf nflu dfkb08x? lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . !$=& hUuf ljsf; (Land pooling)sf] Aoj:yfaf6 u|fdL0f j:tL ljsf; sfo{qmd Jojl:yt ul/g]5 . !%=! k|fs[lts k|sf]k tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{gsf sf/0fn] k/]sf k|efj Go"lgs/0f ug{ k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnL ;+oGqsf] ljsf; u/L wghgsf] ;'/Iff ul/g]5 .

26. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== !^=! k|fs[lts >f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g tyf Joj:yfkgsf] cg'udg Pj+ k/LIf0fnfO{ ;+:yfut ul/g]5 . !^=@ lxdgbL, lxdtfn / af9Lsf] vt/f /x]sf gbL tyf :yfgx?df k"j{ ;"rgf k4ltsf] ljsf; u/L of]hgf th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . !&=! :yfgLo :jf:Yo ;+:yfx?nfO{ qmdzM :t/f]Gglt u/L ;f]xL cg';f/ ef}lts / dfgjLo ;|f]t;fwgsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 . !&=@ :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfos ;+:yf Pj+ sd{rf/Lx?sf] Ifdtf / bIftf clej[l4 u/L ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] / b'u{d Pj+ lk5l8Psf If]qdf sfo{/t :jf:YosdL{ tyf dlxnf :jo+;]ljsfx?sf nflu ljz]if k|f]T;fxg sfo{qmd th'{df u/L nfu" ul/g]5 . !&=# lhNnf c:ktfnx?nfO{ %) z}ofdf :t/f]Gglt ul/g]5 .

27. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== !&=$ cf}ifwLsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f / Joj:yfkg k|efjsf/L jgfOg]5 . !*=! cfd hgtfsf nflu :jf:Yo ;]jfnfO{ ;'ne / ;xh agfpg :jf:Yo ;]jf k|jfxsf ;+oGqx?df nufgL j[l4 ul/g]5 . !*=@ k|hgg:jf:Yo, gjhft lzz' :jf:Yo / kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;DaGwL ;]jfx?sf] kx"Fr / k|efjsfl/tfdf j[l4 ug{ gofF sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul/g]5 . !*=# ;/sf/L, lghL tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;xsfo{df ljBfno :jf:Yo lzIffsf] dfWodaf6 :jf:Yo ;DaGwL hgr]tgf / ;]jf clej[l4 ul/g]5 .

28. d:of}bf sfo{gLltx?===== !*=$ Pr= cfO{= le=÷P8, nfu" kbfy{ b'Jo{;g, w'd|kfg tyf dBkfgsf] ;d:of lgjf/0fsf nflu cleofgsf ?kdf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul/g]5 . !*=% jftfj/0f kl/jt{gsf] sf/0f hg:jf:Yodf kg]{ k|efjsf] Go"gLs/0fsf nflu pko'Qm sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ul/g]5 . !(=! hn tyf df};d s]Gb|x?sf] :t/ j[l4 u/L j}1flgs tl/sfn] tYofª ;ªng, k|zf]wg, ljZn]if0f Pj+ k|sfzgsf ;fy} df};d eljiojf0fLnfO{ e/kbf]{ jgfOg]5 . @)=! s]Gb|Lo 8f6f e08f/ (Central Data Repository)df ;]jf, ;fwg;|f]t, kxF'r, ul/jL, j:tL, kl/jf/ / j8fut tYof+s ;+sng ul/g]5 . @)=@ s]Gb| / :yfgLo :t/sf cfjlws tyf If]qut of]hgf tof/ ubf{ GIS Toolsk|of]u ug{ hf]8 lbOg]5 .

30. If]qut

31. j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf] nflu cGt/f{li6«o lgsfox?;+u;lrjfnodf ;x;lrj Ho"sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ljkbJoj:yfkg kmf]sn sld6L /x]sf] .

32. ljBdfg r'gf}ltx? ;fdflhs–;fF:s[lts r'gf}ltx?M b}jL zlQmdf ljZjf; ug]{ k|rng kof{Kt r]tgf, lzIff / ;+rf/sf] sdL k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] nfk/jfxL k|of]u cJojl:yt j:tL jftfj/0f d}qL Jojxf/ gkgfOg' 36gfnfO{ :jefljs ?kn] lng] k|rng

33. ljBdfg r'gf}ltx?===== cfly{s r'gf}ltx?M ul/aL k|fs[lts ;|f]tdf e/ kg'{sf] ljsNk gePsf] ljkbJoj:yfkgdf kof{Kt ah]6 sdL zf;sLo r'gf}ltx?M /fhgLlts k|ltj4tf / k|fyldstf sdhf]/ ;+:yfut Ifdtf nfdf] / 3'dfp/f] lg0f{o k|lqmofx? cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]usf] ;xL sfof{Gjog gx'g' :yfgLo lgsfox?sf] k|efjsf/L kl/rfng ug{ g;lsg'