CONDITIONALS

1. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
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ASIGNATURA: Inglés GUÍA No. 1-2
DOCENTE: Claudia Castellanos Rueda GRADO: 11° PERÍODO: PRIMERO
TEMA: Voz pasiva y voz activa. REVIEW: (past and present simple; present and past continuous, talking about
important past experiences, describing events that occur in the present, using adjectives to describe, )
FUTURE PLANS AND PRESENT PERFECT:(Identifying steps to reach future goals, time expressions,
writing letters, adverbs of time). TEMAS PARA SEGUNDO PERIODO.
TIEMPO: 3 semanas 9 horas
OBJETIVOS DE APRENDIZAJE: Emplear de manera correcta los usos de la voz pasiva y la voz activa. Hablar a
cerca de las y describir los eventos del pasado. Identificar las estructuras , vocabulario y expresiones
relacionadas con el tiempo pasado y presente. Expresar el vocabulario y las expresiones relacionados con el
pasos y el presente , utilizando la estructura correcta.
COMPETENCIA: lingüística/pragmática COMPONENTE/habilidad: escritura. Reading,
DBA: Nº 8. Redacta textos de mediana longitud en los cuales realiza recomendaciones o
sugerencias sobre situaciones de interés personal, escolar o social.
TRANSVERSALIZACIÓN: ED. VIAL : Hacer uso correcto de las señales que indican hacia
qué lugar dirigirse, y cumplir las normas de transito
Estructura y usos de la voz pasiva y la voz activa.
English has two voices: active and passive. The active voice is used when the subject of the sentence
does the action. In the example, A is the subject and B is the object.
For example: My mom sings that song. Está oración está escrita en presente simple.
A B
En inglés tenemos dos voces: activa y pasiva. La voz activa es usada cuando el sujeto de la oración
hace la acción. En el ejemplo, A es el sujeto y B es el objeto.
Por ejemplo: Mi mamá canta esa canción.
A B
Hablando en voz activa
En la voz activa es relevante quién hizo qué y ese alguien es responsable de llevar a cabo lo que el
verbo representa, es decir, una acción. Esta voz tiene la siguiente estructura universal:
SUJETO ⇒ VERBO transitivo ⇒ OBJETO
Veamos algunos ejemplos de la voz activa en inglés:
 Le Corbusier designed the house in 1952 – Le Corbusier diseñó la casa en 1952.
 Selena will present the new project next week – Selena presentará el nuevo proyecto la
próxima semana.
 I paid the invoice last week – (Yo) pagué la factura la semana pasada.
Al comparar los ejemplos en inglés con la estructura típica de la voz activa, vemos que hay un sujeto
que ha realizado la acción indicada por el verbo sobre un objeto claramente definido, más
exactamente, alguien hizo algo.
The passive voice is used when we focus on the object of the sentence. In the example, B becomes
the subject. For example: That song is sung by my mom.
B A
La voz pasiva es usada cuando nos enfocamos en el objeto de la oración. En el ejemplo, B se
convierte en el sujeto. Por ejemplo: Esa canción es cantada por mi mamá. Como el objeto es quien
toma el protagonismo, debemos ser cuidadosos en lo siguiente. La oración viene dada en presente
simple (recuerda que son acciones hechas de manera frecuente, donde le agregamos una s,es, ies a
los verbos de las terceras personas que son he, she e it. Los demás pronombres personales usan el
verbo sin agregarle nada. La oración sufre una transformación así:
My mom sings a song. Simple present. Hay un sujeto, ella. Para transformar la oración usamos is,
porque es la conjugación correspondiente para ella con el verbo to be (she is). Ahora, el verbo que
tenemos en presente, en este caso sing, lo conjugamos en su forma de participio. Así: sing está en

2. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
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presente, el pasado es sung. Para lograr decir que esa canción es cantada por, y en ese
por usamos by. Es importante el empleo del by(por) para hacer referencia de quien realiza la acción.
Cuando hay varios sujetos, por ejemplo: They write a beatiful letters. Ellos escriben unas cartas
bonitas. En este caso la oración está en voz activa, porque conocemos que ellos hacen una acción
concreta.
Ahora vamos a formar la voz pasiva. Buscamos el objeto, en este caso es a beautiful letters (unas
cartas bonitas). El sujeto es ellos, y como ellos está en plural, la conjugación en el verbo to be es ARE.
(they are). El pasado participio del verbo write es written. Teniendo estos datos, la oración queda de la
siguiente manera: A BEAUTIFUL LETTERS ARE WRITTEN BY THEM. La razón de usar them es
porque al conocer el sujeto (they) en la voz pasiva pasa a ser sujeto objeto, lo cambiamos por su
pronombre objeto que es them. Mira: cuando identifiques el sujeto en la voz activa, haces uso de esta
información para la voz pasiva.
I … me. I buy lots of candies. Compro muchos dulces (voz activa). Lots of candies are bought for me.
Muchos dulces son comprados por mi.(voz pasiva)
You … you. You drive a car. Tú manejas un carro (voz activa). A car is driven by you. Un carro es
manejado por ti. (voz pasiva)
He … him. He teaches a lesson. Él enseña una lección (voz activa). A lesson is taught for him. Una
lección es enseñada por él.
She … her. She reads a book. Ella lee un libro (voz activa). A book is read by her. Un libro es leído por
ella. (voz pasiva)
It … it. It catches the ball. Él(puede ser un perro) atrapa la pelota. (voz activa). A ball is caught by it.
Una pelota es atrapada por él. (voz pasiva)
We … us. We play the piano. Nosotros tocamos el piano. (voz activa). The piano is played por us. El
piano es tocado por nosotros. (voz pasiva)
They … them. They build a castle. Ellos construyen un castillo. (Voz activa). A castle is built for them.
Un castillo es construido por ellos. (voz pasiva)
AUXILIARES DEL VERBO TO BE PARA PRESENTE SIMPLE EN VOZ PASSIVA
I AM
YOU ARE
SHE/HE/IT IS
WE/THEY /YOU ARE
CIEN ANÑOS DE SOLEDAD IS WRITTEN BY G.G.M.
AUXILIARES DEL VERBO TO BE PARA PASADO SIMPLE EN VOZ PASSIVA
I WAS
YOU WERE
SHE/HE/IT IS WAS
WE/THEY /YOU WERE
CIEN AÑOS DE SOLEDAD WAS WRITTEN BY GABRIEL G M.
Funciones de la voz pasiva
La voz pasiva se utiliza para mostrar interés por la persona o cosa que es objeto de una acción, en
lugar de la persona o cosa que realiza dicha acción. Dicho de otro modo, la persona o cosa más
importante pasa a ser el sujeto de la oración.

3. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
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Ejemplos
 The passive voice is used frequently. (= nos interesa la voz pasiva, no quién la usa.)
 The house was built in 1654. (= nos interesa la casa, no quién la construyó.)
 The road is being repaired. (= nos interesa la carretera, no quién la está arreglando.)
En ocasiones empleamos la voz pasiva porque desconocemos o no queremos mencionar quién realizó
la acción.
Ejemplos
 I noticed that a window had been left open.
 Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads.
 All the cookies have been eaten.
 My car has been stolen!
La voz pasiva suele utilizarse en textos formales. Cambiar a la voz activa hará que lo que escribes
resulte más claro y fácil de leer.
Pasiva Activa
A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-
chosen words.
A few well-chosen words convey a great deal
of meaning.
Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases. A mass of gases wrap around our planet.
Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways.
The city disposes of waste materials in a
variety of ways.
Si queremos decir quién o qué realiza la acción en una construcción en pasiva, empleamos la
preposición "by". Cuando sabemos quién realizó la acción y el sujeto nos interesa, siempre es mejor
optar por la voz activa.
Pasiva Activa
"A Hard Day's Night" was written by the Beatles. The Beatles wrote "A Hard Day's Night".
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg. Spielberg directed the movie ET.
This house was built by my father. My father built this house.
Formación de la voz pasiva
En inglés, la voz pasiva está compuesta por dos elementos:
la forma apropiada del verbo "to be" + "past participle"
Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa Interrogativa negativa
The house was built in
1899.
The house wasn't built in
1899.
Was the house built in
1899?
Wasn't the house built in
1899?
These houses were
built in 1899.
These houses weren't
built in 1899.
Were these houses built
in 1899?
Weren't these houses built
in 1899?
Consultada la información en https://www.ef.com.co/recursos-aprender-ingles/gramatica-inglesa/voz-pasiva/
ACTIVIDADES DE PRÁCTICA
EXERCISE 1: Rewrite the sentences in passive voice. REESCRIBE LAS ORACIONES EN VOZ
PASIVA
1.He opens the door.
2. Respuesta : THE DOOR IS OPENED BY HIM.

4. INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA TECNICA EL CERRO
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PRONOMBRES DE OBJETO. I= ME YOU= YOU SHE =HER HE =HIM WE =US
THEY=THEM IT=IT
3. We set the table. THE TABLE IS BY US _______________________________
4. She pays a lot of money. A LOT OF MONEY IS PAYED BY HER
_______________________________
5. I draw a picture. _______________________________
6. They wear blue shoes _______________________________
7. They help the cat. _______________________________
8. He opens his bag. _______________________________
9. You design a poster. _______________________________
10. Your mom drives a bike. _______________________________
11. The police officer catches the thief. _______________________________
12. Mr Jones watches films. _______________________________
13. The people speak English._______________________________
14. He reads comics. _______________________________
15. We play volleyball. _______________________________
16. They sing the song. _______________________________
17. I take photos. _______________________________
18. She does the housework. _______________________________
19. The policemen help the children. _______________________________
20. He writes poems. _______________________________
21. Mother waters the flowers. _______________________________
EXERCISE 2: CHOOSE THE CORRECT VERB ACTIVE OR PASSIVE. Elije la forma correcta y
escríbela en el cuaderno, y en frente escribe si es voz pasiva o voz activa.
 Ejemplo :
 These cars produce / are produced in
Japan .
 Respuesta: THIS CARS are produce
in Japan.
 Ted teaches / is taught English.
 TED TEACHES INGLISH .
 German is spoken / speaks in Austria.
 GERMAN IS SPOKEN IN AUSTRIA
 GERMAN SPEAKS AUSTRIA
 Lots of houses destroyed / are
destroyed by the earthquake .
 Somebody cleans / is cleaned the
office every day.
 Somebody is sent/ sends these emails.
 The grass cuts / is cut every day.
 Paul finds / is found the key.
 The computer is fixed, fixes today
morning
 . My backpack stores steals / is stolen.
EXERCISE 3: PUT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS IN THE CORRECT FORM ACTIVE OR PASSIVE.
COLOCA LOS VERBOS EN PARENTESIS DE LA MANERA CORRECTA, SEA VOZ PASIVA O
ACTIVA. Recuerde que debe ser desarrollado en el cuaderno.
 He _OPENS (open) the door.
 The letter IS WRITTEN by me. (write)
 The airline __________(send) our
passage to Australia by mistake.
 Soy _____________ ( grow) by farmers
in Argentina.
 People _________(export) Spanish
tortilla to the US.

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 Mona Lisa
________(paint) by Leonardo da Vinci.
 You _____________( find) penguins at
the North Pole.
 My uncle _________(sell) the bicycle
when he was young.
 All the plates in the cupboard
__________(break) by the child.
 Robin __________(find ) the book.
EXERCISE 4: ON YOUR NOTEBOOK REWRITE EVERY SENTENCE AND USE THE PASIVE
VOICE OR ACTIVE VOICE FOT THIS PROPOSAL. EN EL CUADERNO REESCRIBE CADA
ORACIÓN USANDO LA VOZ PASIVA O ACTIVA EN PRESENTE SIMPLE.
EXAMPLE: The cars are produce in this Factory by people. = los carros son producidos en
esta fábrica por las personas.
The carrots are grown in this field by famers. =las zanahorias son cultivadas en este campo
por los granjeros.
The Mrs. Lawrens’Cow is milked by her. La vaca de la señora Lawrens es ordeñada por ella
misma. Ejercicios tomados de https://www.espressoenglish.net/passive-voice-examples-exercises-present-past/
EXERCISE 5: MAKE A SUMMARY ON YOUR NOTOBOOK BASED ON THE
INFORMATION ALREADY WORKED ON THIS PAPER. Realiza un resumen en tu cuaderno
con base en la información trabajada, puedes usar algún esquema (mapa mental. Mapa
conceptual).
EXERCISE 6: emplea la voz pasiva en para reescribir cada oración con el uso del presente
simple.

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Imagen tomada de
https://co.pinterest.com/pin/466826317625420523/?nic_v1=1avJV2SKB0QN5pRG4ZG7BbUD3BNKCWtyoQrArb1cMYl3IaW7vSzXPbSqCryoev7rua
EXERCISE 7: lee el texto y escoge la forma correcta del verbo. Luego, completa el texto con la forma adecuada
del verbo, bien sea en voz pasiva o voz activa.
https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/grammar/passive-voice-or-active-voice/passive-voice/51565

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WARM UP
WHAT ARE THEY DOING?
This is a fun activity to practice the present progressive tense.
Split the group into 2 subgroups, the activity is to be done by turns; each group
chooses 2 people from the other group and call them to give them an activity they
must represent in front of the class; the members of group from which the
participants come must raise their hands and guess the activity by saying what
they are doing. The only valid answers are those who are given in English using
the structure “they are ” and that the person had raised his/her
hand first.
SUGGESTED ACTION:
SPEAK - PLAY (SOME SPORT) - LISTEN - EAT – or any other you may want
to use.
2. WHAT ARE THEY DOING?

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 The present continuous (progressive) is used only with action verbs.
Example:I am working at the moment NOTI am believing you.
 The present continuous (progressive) is also used to describe an action which is
happening around this moment: Example: I'm reading 'Just in Time' this week. I'm
not reading the book at this particular moment, but around this time.
 Discover the missing letters, by completing the vowels according to thesecret
code; write it down in your notebook
“1CC4RD3NG T4 2NGL3SH GR1MM1R, PR2S2NT PR4GR2SS3V2 TH1T
3S 1 V2RB1L T2NS2, D2SCR3B2S 1CT34NS H1PP2N3NG 1T TH2
M4M3NT 4F SP21K3NG
CHOOSE A PICTURE AND WRITE SETENCES ABOUT IT. DO IT IN YOUR
NOTEBOOK YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES
FILL IN THE SPACES WITH THE CORRECT FORM OF THE VERB IN PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
TENSE. COMPLETE THE ACTIVITY IN YOURNOTEBOOK
Hey! Do you want to hear about what my family (do) (1) right
now? Well, I hope you do, because I am going to tell you!
Right now, my dad (work)
(mow)
(2) outside. I can see him. He
1=A 2=E 3= I 4=O 5=U

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(3) the grass. He loves my mother very much. He
(always,talk) (4) about h
(5) nice things for her. Right now, my dad (sing)
(6) a song. I bet it is a song about my mom.
Now, let's look at my mom. She (cook) (7)
something in thekitchen. It smells so good! She (put) (8) some
kind of spicesinto the pot. The pot (sit) (9) on the
stove. The water (boil)
(10) inside it. Also, something (bake) (11) inthe oven. It (
I also have two younger brothers. Right now they (play) (13)with their to
taller. Oh no! The house is too tall.Watchout! It (crash)
(17) to the floor!
We are a happy family. I feel lucky to be a part of my family. Hmmm…let
me guess…you (think) (18) about your own family now,
aren't you?
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
1. WHAT DOES THE EXPRESSION I HOP YOU DO MEAN?
2. WHAT IS THE FATHER DOING?
3. WHAT IS HE ALWAYS DOING IN RELATION TO THE MOTHER?
4. WHERE IS THE WATER BOILING?
5. HOW MANY BROTHERS DOES THE SPEAKER HAVE?
6. WHAT IS HAPPENING WITH HOUSE OF BLOCKS AT THE MOMENT OF
SPEAKING?
LOOK AROUND YOU IN THE CLASSROOM; WHAT IS EVERYBODY
DOING?WRITE IT DOWN GIVING THE MOST DETAILS YOU CAN

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AKS 3 PARTNERS WHAT ARE THEY DOING AND WRITE THE ANSWER
A: What are you doing in this moment?
B:
A: What are you doing in this moment?
B:
A: What are you doing in this moment?
B:
WARM UP
THE PICTURE TIME
WHEN HE TOOK THE PICTURE EVERYBODY WAS DISTRACTED
DOING OTHER THINGS; WRITE WHAT EACH ONE WAS DOING
WHEN JAMES TOOKTHE PICTURES
When James took the picture Jessica was reading a book
Karol
Joseph

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Peter
Sue
THE PAST PROGRESSIVE IS USED TO EXPRESS AN ACTION IN THE
PAST THAT OCURRED AT THE SAME TIME THAT ANOTHER ACTION
OR TO EXPRESS AN ACTION THAT TOOK PLACE IN THE PAST
OVER A PERIOD OFTIME
E. G1: When my mother called me I was watching TV
E. G2: Yesterday in the morning I was playing in
the parkWRITE 3 MORE SENTENCES LIKE THE
GIVEN ONES:
_
COMPLETE THE MISSING WORDS IN THE TEXT, DO IT IN YOUR NOTEBOOK
Hannah met Jamie in the summer of 2004. It was Hannah’s 21st birthday
and she and her friends went to a club. They wanted to dance, but they
didn’t like the music so Hannah went to speak to the DJ. ‘This music is
awful,’ she 1 . ‘Couldyou play som
Two minutes later he said: ‘The next song is by Coldplay. It’s called Yellow
and it’s for a beautiful girl who is dancing over there.’ Hannah knew that
the song was for her because she 2 a yellow dress. When Hannah
and her friends leftthe club the DJ 3 at the door. ‘Hi, I’m Jamie,’ he said to
Hannah. ‘CanI see you again?’ So Hannah gave him her phone number.
Next day Jamie phoned Hannah and invited her to dinner. He took her to a
very romantic French restaurant and they talked all evening. After that
Jamie andHannah saw each other every day. Every evening when Hannah
finished work theymet at 5.30 in a coffee bar in the High Street. They were
madly in love.
One evening in October, Hannah 4 at work. As usual she was going to
meet Jamie at 5.30. It was dark and it was raining. She looked at her
watch. It was5.20! She was going to be late! She ran to her car and
got in. At 5.25 she 5

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along the High Street. She was going very fast because
she was ina hurry.
Suddenly, a man ran across the road. He was wearing a dark coat so
Hannahdidn’t see him until it was too late. Although she tried to stop, she
6 theman. Hannah
minutes and then went home.
Two hours later a police car arrived at Hannah’s house. A policewoman
knocked atthe door. ‘Good evening, Madam,’ she said, ‘Are you Hannah
Davis? I’d like to speak to you. Can I come in?’
1. a. said b. was saying c . will say
2. a is wearing b. was wearing c. wears
3. a. waits b will wait c. was waiting
4. a. was b to be c. is
5. a is driving b was driving c. are driving
6. a will hit b. was hitting c hit
A COLD DAY
It was a frigid January day in York, Pennsylvania. The temperature was
below freezing. Snow was starting to fall. Dr. James turned on the
television to check the weather. He had to leave for his work at the hospital
soon. “Today is going to be very cold,” said the TV weatherman. “Be sure
to wear very warm clothes when you go outside. Also, be careful driving on
the roads. Snowfall will make them slippery. In fact, if you can stay home
today, do it!” Dr. James couldn’t stay home. Very sick people were waiting
to see him at the hospital. He went to his closet. He took out the warmest
clothes he had. He put on a sweater, jacket, gloves, socks, boots and a
hat. He opened his front door to go to work. A gust of cold air blew inside.
“Wow, it is very cold outside,” Dr. James said. He was from Miami and
didn’t like the cold. “The weatherman was right!” Before he could drive to
work, Dr. James had to clearthe snow off his car. He did this very fast. He
hopped in the car. He shivered. His neck felt especially cold. Dr. James
drove slowly to work. Everyone else was driving slowly, too. There was a
lot of traffic on the road. There were cars in front and behind. Suddenly,
the cars in front of Dr. James came to a stop. There had been an accident!
Dr. James hurried from his car to check on the driver of the car that had
swerved off the road. “Is everyone okay?” Dr. James asked. “Yes, yes, we
are fine. We slipped on a patch of ice,” the driver said. “This would have
been a good day to stay home in bed.”
WRITE THE ADJECTIVES YOU FOUND IN YOUR NOTEBOOK
 UNDERLINE THE SENTENCES IN PAST PROGRESSIVE
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
1. What does it mean if the weather is frigid?
A. It is very cold.
B. It is very rainy.
C. It is very windy.
D. It is very slippery.
2. In what city does this story take place?
A. Florida
B. Miami

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C. Pennsylvania
D. York
1. Why doesn't Dr. James stay home today?
A. There are sick people waiting for him.
B. He does not believe the weatherman.
C. He has to clear the snow off his car.
D. He must help the people in the accident.
2. What could Dr. James have put on his neck to keep it warm?
A. mittens
B. a scarf
C. another hat
D. an undershirt
3. Given what is said in the story, what is most likely true about Miami?
A. It is a hot place.
B. It is a rainy place.
C. It is a windy place.
D. It is a place where people drive slowly.
TO BE DONE IN YOUR OWN NOTEBOOK
WRITE A FUNNY ANECDOTE THAT HAD HAPPENED TO YOU
USING THEPAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE AND ADJECTIVES,
READ IT TO THE CLASS
DESCRIBE YOUR CLASSROOM USING ADJECTIVES

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EVALUACIÓN: GENERAL EVALUATION
VERBS ORAL AND WRITTEN FORM
TEXTS ABOUT TRANSIT RULES