light or luminary

1. Light
-B. Prasad
Chartered Engineer
amieclub@gmail.com

2. Requirement
 Required for
ease of life
 For safety
 For beauty
 For journey
 For business
 For production
 For medial

3. INTRODUCTION
 Lighting is an essential service in all the
industries, Public place, offices, home etc
 Lighting varies between 2 to 10% of the total
power depending on the type of industry.
 Innovation and continuous improvement in the
field of lighting, has given rise to tremendous
change
 Energy saving may not be ignored with variety
of light

4. Terms
 Lumen is a unit of light flow or luminous flux.
The lumen rating of a lamp is a measure of the
total light output of the lamp.
 Lux is the metric unit of measure for
illuminance of a surface. One lux is equal to
one lumen per square meter.
 Circuit Watts is the total power drawn by
lamps and ballasts in a lighting circuit under
assessment.
 Unit: lux per watt per square metre (lux/W/m²)

5. Terms contd ....
 Incandescent lamps produce light by means of a filament
heating
 GLS (General Lighting Service) lamp include the filament,
the bulb, the fill gas and the cap.
 Reflectorlamps are basically incandescent, provided with a
high quality internal mirror, which follows exactly the
parabolic shape..
 Luminaire is a device that distributes, filters or transforms
the light emitted from one or more lamps. It is a housing.
 •Ballast-A current limiting device, to counter
negative resistance characteristics of any
discharge lamps.

6. Gas discharge lamps:
The light from a gas discharge lamp is produced by
the excitation of gas contained in either a tubular
or elliptical outer bulb.
 The most commonly used discharge lamps are as
follows:
 • Fluorescent tube lamps (FTL)
 • Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL)
 • Mercury Vapour Lamps
 • Sodium Vapour Lamps
 • Metal Halide Lamps

7. Lux level
Activity
Illumination
(lux, lumen/m2
)
Public areas with dark surroundings 20 - 50
Simple orientation for short visits 50 - 100
Working areas where visual tasks are only occasionally performed 100 - 150
Warehouses, Homes, Theaters, Archives 150
Easy Office Work, Classes 250
Normal Office Work, PC Work, Study Library, Groceries, Show Rooms, Laboratories 500
Supermarkets, Mechanical Workshops, Office Landscapes 750
Normal Drawing Work, Detailed Mechanical Workshops, Operation Theatres 1,000
Detailed Drawing Work, Very Detailed Mechanical Works 1500 - 2000
Performance of visual tasks of low contrast and very small size for prolonged
periods of time
2000 - 5000
Performance of very prolonged and exacting visual tasks 5000 - 10000
Performance of very special visual tasks of extremely low contrast and small size 10000 - 20000

8. Light orientation
 Diffuse light: This produces
very uniform, soft lighting,
which illuminates the entire
space and makes objects
visible, but produces
reduced shadows or
reflections.
 Directed light :The essential
properties of directed light
are the production of
shadows on objects and
structured surfaces, and

9. Lamp output

10. Lamp output..contd

11. Application area
 Indoor lighting
 Out door lighting
 Lighting in hazardous area
 Lighting in mine
 Domestic lighting
 Industrial lighting
 Lighting for monument
 Street lighting
 Training hall
 Shopping mall
 High way lighting
 Hotels, reception, room,
bar room, conference
room
 Housing colony
 Auditorium
 Cinema hall
 Fair
 Club
 Street lighting
 Park lighting
 Light house
 Religious place

12. TYPES OF LIGHT
 Incandescent lamp (GLS)
 Fluorescent lamp
 High intensity discharge lamp
 Mercury vapour lamp
 High pressure sodium lamp
 Low pressure sodium lamp
 Carbon arc lamp
 Induction lamp

13. Lamp code
Letter
position
Mercury, lamp
Indicates
1st
letter Medium , example ,M=mercury
2nd
letter Pressure
A=Medium pressure
B=high pressure
C= low pressure
D=extra high pressure
E= extra high pressure
3rd
and 4th
Construction, coating, reflector
F=fluorescent coating
I = halide additive to arc
L=double end
R=reflector , T=tungsten filament
Last letter Mounting , U=universal,
V=vertical , H=horizontal
Letter
position
Sodium lamp Indicates
1st
letter Medium , example
,s=sodium
2nd
, 3rd
letter LI=long, low pressure,
cap at each end
OX=single ended, low
pressure, u shaped
ON=high pressure , oxide
arc tube
Last letter T=high pressure, clear
glass, tubular ,single end
TD=high pressure ,
tubular, double end

14. LAMP CODE

15. Meaning of T5,T8,T12
 T5 lamps are
fluorescent
lamps that are
5/8" of an inch in
diameter
 The "T" in lamp
nomenclature
represents the
shape of the
lamp-tubular.

16. Installation of "exclusive"transformerfor
lighting
 In most of the industries, lighting load varies
between 2 to 10%. Most of the problems faced by
the lighting equipment and the "gears" is due to
the "voltage" fluctuations. Hence, the lighting
equipment has to be isolated from the power
feeders. This provides a better voltage regulation
for the lighting. This will reduce the voltage
related problems, which in turn increases the
efficiency of the lighting system.

17. ACT FAST AND INITIATE
FIRST
 बड़ा सोचो
 तेजी से सोचो व
 सबसे पहले सोचो
 िवचारो पर िकसी का
 एकािधकार नही होता.
---- धीरभाई अमबानी

18. THANK YOU