This presentation gives an introduction about different types of information systems, the information system's development methodologies and required infrastructures.

1. ‘In the Name of Kind ALLAH’
Information
Systems
Fereshte Shabany Moghadam
f_sh_moghadam@yahoo.com
Amir-Kabir University of Technology
Tehran, Iran
Department of Industrial Engineering

2. Introduction
 Definition of a system:
A set of components that interact together to achieve a common
goal
 System Goal
SMART
Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Realistic, Tamable
 System Boundaries
Inputs Outputs
Process
Actions
Analysis
Actions
Feedback
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3. Introduction
 Definition of an Information System (IS):
Set of procedures, processes, objects and people that will produce
useful information for members & customers of an organization
 Project phases:
 Planning
Why build the system?
 Analysis
Who, what, when, where will the system be?
 Design
How will the system work?
 Implementation
System delivery
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4. Introduction
 Planning Phase
Project Initiation
System Request
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Feasibility Analysis
Approval Committee
Project Management

5. Introduction
Analysis Phase
Analysis
+ System Concept
+ Models
are combined into the
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System Proposal

6. Introduction
 Design Phase
Decides how the system will operate
 Architecture design
 User interface design (UI)
 Database design
 Program design
 Implementation Phase
 Construction
 Conversion/Installation
 Maintenance & Support
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7. IS Development Methodologies
1- Structured design
Waterfall Development Method
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8. IS Development Methodologies
 Parallel development
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9. IS Development Methodologies
 Spiral Model
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IS Development Methodologies
2- Rapid Application Development (RAD)
 Phased Development
- Break overall system into a series of versions
- Each version has Analysis, Design, and Implementation
- Output from on version is the input to the next
- Incorporate ideas, issues, lessons learned in one version into
the next version

11. IS Development Methodologies
 Prototyping
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- Analysis, Design, Implementation are performed concurrently
- Start with a "quick-and-dirty" prototype
- Provides minimal functionality
- Repeat process, refining the prototype each time
- Stop when prototype is a working system

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IS Development Methodologies
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13.  Throw-Away Prototyping
- Use prototypes only to understand requirements
Example: use html to show UI
- Prototype is not a working design
- Once requirements are understood,
the prototypes are thrown away
- The system is then built using SDLC
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IS Development Methodologies

14. 14
IS Development Methodologies
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IS Development Methodologies
3- Agile development
 XP streamline SDLC
- Just a few rules that are easy to learn and follow Streamline
the SDLC
- Eliminate much of the modeling and documentation
- Emphasize simple, iterative application development

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IS Development Methodologies

17. How Select the Appropriate Methodology?
 Clarity of User Requirements
 Familiarity with Technology
 System Complexity
 System Reliability
 Short Time Schedules
 Schedule Visibility
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Criteria for Selecting a Methodology

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Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems

20. Why Information Systems?
 Business firms invest heavily in information systems to
achieve six strategic business objectives:
 Operational excellence
 New products, services, and business models
 Customer and supplier intimacy
 Improved decision making
Without accurate information:
Managers must use forecasts, best guesses, luck
 Competitive advantage
 Survival
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Types of Information Systems
 ESS: Executive Support Systems
 DSS: Decision Support Systems
 MIS: Management Information Systems
 KWS: Knowledge Work Systems
 GIS: Geographical Information Systems
 GSS: Group Support Systems
 TPS: Transaction Processing Systems
 OAS: Office Automation Systems
 EDP: Electronic Database Processing

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Types of Information Systems

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Information Systems Roles
 Business analyst
 System analyst
 Infrastructure analyst
 Change management analyst
 Project manager
o Important aspects in IS development

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Infrastructures needed for IS implementation
 Organizational structures
 Management willing and support, Cooperative staff,
Distributed and decentralized organization ,Proper data
management, Staff learning courses
 Information technology
 Knowledge discovery and acquisition, Data mining, Data
warehousing
 Human resources
 Expert teams; System analysts, IT engineers, Data mining
experts, Market analysts, …

25. Thanks
Finished
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