It contains a brief discussion on the type of space frames and their fixtures.

1. SPACE FRAMES
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
NAME: PANKTI GAJJAR
ROLL NO.: 15
THE MAHARAJA SAIYAJIRAO
UNIVERSITY OF BARODA,
VADODARA

2. SPACE FRAME
 Space frame is a rigid, lightweight, truss -like structure constructed
from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern.
 Space frames can be used to span large areas with few interior
supports. Like the truss, a space frame is strong because of the
inherent rigidity of the triangle; flexing loads (bending moments)
are transmitted as tension and compression loads along the length
of each strut.
 The inner highly hyper-static system provides an increased
resistance to damages caused by fire, explosions, shocks and
earthquakes.
 Space frames are modular and made of highly industrialized
elements designed with a remarkable dimensional accuracy and
precise surface finish.
MATERIALS: Steel and Timber
 Steel space frames provide great freedom of expression and
composition as well as the possibility to evenly distribute loads
along each rod and external constraints.
 With these features, steel space frames can be used to achieve
also complex geometries with a structural weight lower than any
other solution.
 Timber is generally not used now.
USES: Sports arena, Assembly hall, Airplane hangers, Airports,
Terminals, Workshop etc.

3. GRID SYSTEMS:
TYPES: 1. Single layer
2. Double layer
3. Triple layer
SINGLE LAYER:
All elements are located on the surface approximately.
Various grid systems shown above is used.

4. DOUBLE LAYER:
Commonly used space frames are double layered and flat.
Elements are organised in two parallel layers with each other at a certain
distance apart
Each of the layers form a lattice of triangles, squares or hexagons in which
the projection of the nodes in a layer may overlap or be displaced relative
to each other.

5. TRIPLE LAYER:
Elements are placed in three parallel layers, linked by the diagonals.
Practically used for a larger span building.
CONNECTORS:
1. TUBAL NODE CONNECTOR

6. 2. NODUS CONNECTOR
3. TRIODETIC CONNECTOR
ADVANTAGE OF USING SPACE FRAME:
1. Light. Elegant and economical.

7. 2. Carry load by three dimensional action
3. High inherent stiffness
4. Easy to construct
5. Saves construction time and cost
6. Services(such as lighting and air conditioning)can be integrated
within the space frame
7. Durable material and protective finishes.
8. Freedom to take longer spans.
DISADVANTAGE OF SPACE FRAME:
1. They can be difficult to engineer. It's not straightforward to determine
how forces will distribute throughout a structure that has a lot of
redundant pieces.
TYPICAL SPACE FRAME:
OTHER EXAMPLE: