This document provides information about comparative and superlative adverbs in English. It discusses how adverbs of one syllable usually form the comparative with -er and the superlative with -est. Adverbs of two or more syllables generally form the comparative with "more" and the superlative with "most". It also notes some irregular adverbs like "badly", "well", "far" and provides examples and exercises to practice forming comparative and superlative adverbs.

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PET
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●The comparative will modify verbs that compare the actions of two items.
earlier, farther
● The superlative will modify verbs that compare the actions of three or more items.
earliest, farthest …
□ An adverb gives us information about the verb
□ Adverbs tell us WHERE – WHEN – HOW something happens
adjective
adverb
QUICK + LY = QUICKLY
I was born an
with a –ly I can become an
UNIT 20 - Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs
INTRUDUCTION

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PET
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UNIT 20 - Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs
ADVERBS
CAN
modify
1. VERBS
She speaks
English WELL
HOW?
- manner -
We ALWAYS go
to school.
HOW
OFTEN?
- frequency-
They come
EARLY
WHEN?
- time -
He waits
OUTSIDE
WHERE?
- place -
2. ADJECTIVES The house is
VERY big.
3. another
ADVERB The student speaks
English QUITE well.

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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs
RULES:
□ Adverbs of ONE syllable usually form the comparative by adding -er and form the superlative by adding -est
hard (positive) - harder (comparative) - (hardest) superlative
□ add -er or -est to short adverbs:
Positive Comparative Superlative
hard harder the hardest
late later the latest
fast faster the fastest
Examples:
- Mary works harder than Peter.
- All horses in the race ran fast, but the black horse ran the fastest of all.
□ Adverbs of TWO or MORE syllables generally form the comparative by adding "more" and the superlative by adding "most"
quickly (positive) - more quickly (comparative) - the most quickly (superlative)
e.g.: Peter runs quickly (positive), Sara runs more quickly (comparative) but John runs the most quickly (superlative)
Positive Comparative Superlative
slowly more slowly the most slowly
quietly more quietly the most quietly
seriously more seriously the most seriously
Watch out!! There are exceptions. The irregular adverbs:
Positive comparative superlative
badly worse the worst
well better the best
far farther the farthest
little less the least

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PET
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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs
The dogs runs ________ .quickly
My granny drives very __________.carefully
She always dresses___________ .beautifully
He smile _________.happilly
Ready for some practice?!!

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PET
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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs
□ Fill in the gaps with the correct form: adjective or adverb.
1. The story ended _________ . (sad)
2. The novel had a _________ ending. (happy)
3. Her mother ask her to drive ____________ .(careful)
4. The students study _________ for their exam. (hard)
5. The reported described the accident ________ (dramatic)
6. They boy was very ________ and he ate the sandwich ______ .(hungry)
7. It was a _____ flight; the plane flew __________ to New York. (direct)
8. Peter is considered a ______ runner; he can run very _______ .(fast)
9. I like _________ children; those who behave ________. (polite)

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PET
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Comparatives & Superlatives Adverbs
 End Gradation of adverbsEnd Gradation of adverbs
ANSWERANSWER
1. sadly
2. happy
3. carefully
4. hard (= difficult; hardly = barely / almost not)
5. dramatically
6. hungry / hungrily
7. direct / directly
8. fast / fast (fast is both and adj. and an adv.)
9. polite / politely

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FCE
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(a) She is So pretty
(b) She is such a pretty girl
(a) So + Adjective → "This test is so hard." (= very hard)
(b) such + adjective + noun → Lisa is such a beautiful woman . (NO "a" with uncountable nouns)
I don't want to swim in such dirty water.
Exception: so + [many/much/few/little] noun
"So" can come before a noun IF the adjectives many/much/few/little also come before the noun.
Examples:
"There are so many balloons!" (balloons = countable noun, so we use "many")
"Mike drank so much beer." (beer = uncountable noun, so we use "much")
"He has so few friends." (friends = countable noun, so we use "few")
"We have so little time." (time = uncountable noun, so we use "little")
PET
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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET
UNIT 20 - So and Such

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PET
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UNIT 20 - So and Such
□ Fill in the gaps with SO or SUCH.
1. They had ________ a bad night that they couldn't sleep.
2. He was very grateful to her because she had been _______ nice to him.
3. I'm having ________ a great time here in London.
4. It was ________ cold and rainy that the children had to stay in the house all day.
5. We had ________ fantastic weather that everybody went to the beach for the day.
6. There are ________ good programs on TV nowadays.
7. There are ________ few good programs on TV nowadays.
8. My house has ________ a great view that I never go out.
9. It was _________ dark that I couldn't see anything.
10. This exercise was _________ easy that I don't need to check my answers.
I have such an angry boss;
he makes me so angry that I
could kill him!

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PET
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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET
UNIT 20 - So and Such
1. such
2. so
3. such
4. so
5. such
6. such
7. so
8. such
9. so
10. so
ANSWERANSWER
 End So & SuchEnd So & Such

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UNIT 20 - CONNECTORS
CONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS
□ We use connectors to express logical relationships between sentences, clauses and/or
paragraphs.
(1) Additional information: and, furthermore, moreover, in addition to, next, then, besides
(2) Reason: because, because of, due to, owing to, as, since, therefore, that’s why
(3) Contrast: on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, although, yet, but, while, whereas
(4) Concession: (even) though, anyway, however, nevertheless, in any case, in spite of that, despite
(5) Purpose: in order to, so that
(6) Result/Consequence: consequently, as a result, therefore, so, thus
(7) Giving example: for example, for instance
REMEMBER that there are many more connectors/linking words.

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PET
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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET
UNIT 20 - CONNECTORS
CONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS
The grandfather sleeps and the granddaughter reads
He is sleeping while she is reading
□ Can you translate the following connector into your language?
And __________
But __________
Because __________
Because of ___________
Thus ___________
Even though ___________
Though ____________
When ____________
While ____________
First of all ___________
Firstly ___________
On the one hand ___________
On the other hand ___________
Eventually ___________
Moreover ___________
Along with ____________
In order to ____________
So that ____________

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PET
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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET
UNIT 20 - CONNECTORS
CONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS
SUGGESTED ANSWERS IN SPANISH:SUGGESTED ANSWERS IN SPANISH:
And Y
But PERO
Because PORQUE
Because of A CAUSA DE
Thus POR LO TANTO
Even though AUNQUE
Though SIN EMBARGO
When CUANDO
While MIENTRAS
First of all ANTE TODO
Firstly PRIMERAMENTE
On the one hand POR UN LADO
On the other hand POR OTRO LADO
Eventually FINALMENTE
Moreover ADEMÁS
Along with JUNTO CON
In order to CON EL FIN DE
So that PARA

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PET
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SUMMARY OF CONTENTS PETSUMMARY OF CONTENTS PET
UNIT 20 - CONNECTORS
1. Mary likes to go for a walk ______ to swim in the see ______ the weather is good.
2. We can paint our flat white _____ yellow _____ we must select a good painter.
3. Sara is intelligent. _____ , she is lazy. She must start working harder _____ she will regret it.
4. I left the party _______ I was bored, ______ it was quite late.
5. He was sad _____ tired _______ being very hungry.
6. Their children ______ watch TV _____ sleep on Sundays.
7. I met by friend in the park ______ invited her to tea.
8. Students must study ________ they may fail.
•9. Anne isn't very intelligent. _______, she managed to pass all her exams.
•10. _________ it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holidays
though - and / when - or - or / but - and / along with - and
however - either / or - however / or - because / moreover
Practice:
□ Choose the suitable connector/s from the box and fill in the gaps to complete the sentences.

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PET
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 End unit 20End unit 20
UNIT 20 - CONNECTORS
CONNECTIVES are LINKING WORDS and PHRASES / CONNECTORS
Practice:
1. and / when
2. or / but
3. However / or
4. because / moreover
5. and / along with
6. either / or
7. and
8. or
•9. However
•10. Though
ANSWERANSWER