RFID GIS

What is RFID?
RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification
Device
RFID is an Automatic Data Capture technology that uses radio-
frequency waves to read a movable item to identify, categorize &
track...
RFID is fast, reliable, and does not require physical line of sight or
contact between reader/scanner and the RFID tagged item.
RFID comes in several technologies. Each technology has its own
application however in some applications there can be a crossover of
these technologies.
HAMZA HASHMI l BBA LOGISTICS
MANAGEMENT 2014 - 17

How RFID works?

Tags can be attached to almost anything:
• pallets or cases of product vehicles
• company assets or personnel
• items such as apparel, luggage, laundry
• people, livestock, or pets
• high value electronics such as computers, TVs, camcorders
Tags can be read-only or read-write
• Tag memory can be factory or field programmed and optionally
permanently locked (security)
• Data written to the tag left unlocked, can be modified over more than
100,000 times, allowing the tag to be reused or updated
RFID Tags

How far do we want to read?
How fast do we need the data?
How much Data do we need to store on the RFID tag?
Do we need to have specific data on the tag (write to the tag)?
How many?
Attached to and surrounded by what?
How to select RFID technology?

RFID & THE SUPPLY CHAIN
The term Supply chain covers all possible processes involved in the flow of goods
from manufacturing to customer; including manufacturing, distribution and
transportation.
RFID technology has risen to become a revolutionary element in supply chain
management. It is not just a replacement for barcodes. RFID ensures that the right
goods are available in the right place with no discrepancies and zero errors.

RFID & THE SUPPLY CHAIN CONTD.
The market of FMCG's, fast moving consumer goods,
is one of the fastest moving markets in the world. In
the FMCG industry, products have to be counted
several times already in the manufacturing process:
during the stages of production, washing, and packing.
Traditionally, these operations are performed manually.
But by utilizing RFID tags and readers, products can be
counted in seconds. This is due to the fact that RFID
tags can be automatically scanned without being in the
line-of-sight of an RFID scanner and multiple tags can
be scanned simultaneously.
For manufacturers this translates directly into cost
reductions as labor intensive tasks can be carried out
faster and more accurately.

RFID in manufacturing processes means:
• less manual work
• less costs
• improved visibility
• improved planning
RFID in warehouse processes offers:
• visibility of accurate real-time information
• fast locating of products
• possibility to record losses
• ability to plan product locations strategically

RFID in container management and tracking:
• offers visibility of real-time cargo movement
• improves efficiency
• increase accuracy
RFID in distribution processes:
• accelerates the speed of delivery
• improves efficiency
• increases accuracy
• reduces distribution costs

Types of RFID
Low frequency RFID – This frequency band provides a short read range of 10
cm, and has slower read speed than the higher frequencies, but is not very
sensitive to radio wave interference. LF RFID applications include access
control and livestock tracking.
High frequency RFID – This frequency band provides a medium read range of
10 cm to 1m. It is commonly used for ticketing, payment, and data transfer
applications.
Ultra – high frequency RFID - The read range of passive UHF systems can be
as long as 12 m, and UHF RFID has a faster data transfer rate than LF or HF.
UHF RFID is the most sensitive to interference, but many UHF product
manufacturers have found ways of designing tags, antennas, and readers to keep
performance high even in difficult environments.

Active & Passive RFID Systems
Active RFID system – In active RFID systems, tags have their own transmitter and
power source. Usually, the power source is a battery. Active tags broadcast their own
signal to transmit the information stored on their microchips. This systems typically
operate in the ultra-high frequency (UHF) band and offer a range of up to 100 m. In
general, active tags are used on large objects, such as rail cars, big reusable containers,
and other assets that need to be tracked over long distances.
Passive RFID system – In passive RFID systems, the reader and reader antenna
send a radio signal to the tag. The RFID tag then uses the transmitted signal to power
on, and reflect energy back to the reader. Passive RFID systems can operate in
the low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) or ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio
bands

Advantages of RFID Tags
The movement of inventory can be tracked.
Goods can be received and shipped faster.
Ease of predicting product demand.
Shoppers can save time.
Out of stock situations can be avoided.
Shoppers get a better deal as system becomes more efficient.
The right products are available at the right stores at the right time.
Boost sales.

Limitations of RFID Tags
The smart tag technology is yet to be perfected , today on an average 20% of the
tags do not function properly
Physical limitations like reading through liquid or metals still exist
Accurate read rates on some items can be very low
Nylon conveyor belts and other RFs can disrupt the tag transmissions in
warehouses
Increase in expenses - the suppliers will have to equip their warehouses and
transport vehicles with readers. These readers have to be connected to the
computer networks for exchange of information.

Fact related to RFID

Future of RFID
Some vendors have been combining RFID tags with sensors of different kinds.
This would allow the tag to report not simply the same information over and
over, but identifying information along with current data picked up by the
sensor. For example, an RFID tag attached to a leg of lamb could report on the
temperature readings of the past 24 hours, to ensure that the meat was properly
kept cool.
Supply chain management objective is to increase the long-term performance
of individual companies and the overall supply chain by maximizing
customer value and minimizing costs. Not all companies achieve these goals
with the same strategy. A supply chain is either agile or lean and given this, a
different approach to increase the efficiency and effectiveness is adopted..

Geographic Information System
GIS

Geographic Information System
A GIS is an organized collection of computer, hardware, software, geographic
data, and personnel to efficiently capture, store, update manipulate, analyze and
display all form of geographically referenced information.
A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing,
storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface.
GIS can show many different kinds of data on one map. This enables people to
more easily see, analyze, and understand patterns and relationships.
GIS can use any information that includes location. The location can be
expressed in many different ways, such as latitude and longitude, address, or ZIP
code.

Scope of GIS
Hospitals and health care centers
Schools and colleges
Hotels, restaurants
Banks and ATMs
Govt. offices and police stations
Railway stations and bus stations etc.

Components of GIS

GIS Program Flow
Capture data
Register
map base
Interpret
data
Convert data
to digital
format
Store data
into
computer
Process data
Display
result

Functions of GIS
Data capture - The input of data into a GIS can be achieved through many
different methods of gathering.
Ex- aerial photography, scanning.
Data storage - Some data is stored such as a map in a drawer, while other such
as digital data.
Data Manipulation - The digital geographic data can be edited or deleted to
the specification of the project.
Query and Analysis - GIS is used widely in decision making process for the
new commission districts.
Visualization - This represents the ability to display your data, your maps, and
information.

Advantages of GIS
GIS helps us in viewing, understanding, and visualizing data in many ways
that reveal relationships, patterns, and trends in the form of maps, globes,
reports and charts.
GIS gives the accurate data.
Better predictions and analysis.
Disadvantages of GIS
Expensive software
Excessive damage in case of internal fault.
Integration with traditional map is difficult.

Data type in GIS
Vector
• Points, lines, polygons
• More closely resembles real world
 Advantages of vector
• Good representation of data
• Use small file size
• Accurate map output.
 Disadvantages of Vector
• Complex data structures.
• Expensive technology.
• Analysis is complex.

Raster
• Areas broken into pixels or cells.
• Each cell contain data
• Good at representing dense data.
 Advantages of Raster
• Simple data structure
• Cheap technology
• Analysis is simple
 Disadvantages of raster
• Large data volume
• Inefficient use of computer storage
Data type in GIS Contd.

User can print and save the image of the required map.
User can view different parameters of particular area.
User can get path from source of destination.
GIS will also provide working hours.
CONCLUSION

Submitted by –
HAMZA HASHMI
CoMES, UPES
Dehradun
hamzahashmi14@stu.upes.ac.in
+91 9458907454

RFID GIS

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

Destaque

Destaque (10)

Semelhante a RFID GIS

Semelhante a RFID GIS (20)

Último

Último (20)

RFID GIS