2. Strategy
0 Education was primary target
0 Graduate schools, universities, grade schools
0 Symbolic and practical
0 Inherently involved students

3. Methods
0 Legal
0 Non-violent resistance (Direct action)
0 Marches, Sit-ins, Teach-ins, Boycotts

4. Gandhi
0 First person to use non-
violence to political scene
on large scale
0 Influences: Plato’s
Apology, William Salter's
Ethical Religion (1889);
Henry David Thoreau's On
the Duty of Civil
Disobedience (1847); Leo
Tolstoy's The Kingdom of
God Is Within You (1893), A
Letter to a Hindu (1908)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MKGandhi.jpg

5. Bayard Rustin
0 Founding member of
CORE
0 Organized 1947 Journey
of Reconciliation
0 Taught MLK Gandhian
nonviolence
0 Organized 1963 March
on Washington for Jobs
and Freedom
0 Gay rights activist
http://www.loc.gov/pictures/resource/ppmsc.01272/

6. James Lawson
0 Trained in non-violent
direct action
0 CORE activist
0 Headquartered in
Nashville:
Vanderbilt, Fisk
0 Worked for SCLC and
SNCC
http://breachofpeace.com/blog/?p=18

7. Methods
0 How?
0 Workshops
0 Practice
http://www.crmvet.org/images/imghome.htm

8. Children’s Crusade
http://www.crmvet.org/images/imgbham.htm

9. Children’s Crusade
0 Birmingham, AL, May 2-5, 1963
0 Massive arrests- 1,000 on May 2. 3,000 in jail by May
10
0 Bull Connor
0 Dogs and Fire hoses
0 News media

10. http://www.crmvet.org/images/imgbham.htm

12. http://maghis.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/1/31/F2.large.jpg

15. http://www.crmvet.org/images/imgbham.htm

16. Assessment
0 Did it work?
0 Why?
http://www.crmvet.org/images/imgfr.htm