This summary provides an overview of a research article that examines factors affecting innovation capacity in the manufacturing industry in Nakuru County, Kenya, using Buzeki Dairy Limited as a case study. The study found that management style had the strongest influence on innovation capacity, with a consultative, idea-encouraging style that motivates employees being most conducive to innovation. Almost half of employees reported low involvement in decision-making. The study recommends more employee involvement in decisions through suggestion boxes or meetings. The research article provides context on innovation and its importance for competitiveness. It also reviews literature on how organizational factors like management style and culture can influence innovation capacity.
organisational innovation is concerned with the progress of management in an innovative way.here are some facts which says the importance of innovation in every organisation
Organizational Innovation Report by TrendsSpotting: Implementing innovation i...Taly Weiss
In this review we collects insights from academic research, leading analysts and consultancies and observe related case studies, to come up with best practices for the implementation of innovation in organizations. We review models for innovation leadership, culture, innovation strategy and goals; discuss mechanisms for learning and knowledge sharing, and review the required set of incentives and rewards. Focusing on Innovation challenges we collect insights and best practices regarding strategy alignment, management support, idea generation and commercialization, speed, lean processes, innovation events and sharing platforms as well as innovation metrics. In search for optimal innovation implementation methods, we review studies on high performing companies and present case studies on how innovative companies implement innovation in their organization.
The 130 page PPT report “Organizational Innovation: Implementing innovation in organizations” is targeted at innovation stakeholders and aids in structuring the organization towards effective innovation.
This is a sample report.
Implementing Innovation in Organizations: TrendsSpotting's Innovation Assessm...Taly Weiss
In order to help organizations innovate, TrendsSpotting has collected insights from primary research conducted on leading companies as well as start up companies, reviewed academic research together with practical business research and analyzed variety of case studies to come up with core parameters of best practices that are vital for the implementation of innovation in organizations.
On the basis of TrendsSpotting’s core innovation functions, TrendsSpotting has set a methodology to assess organizational innovation readiness.
TrendsSpotting’s Employee Innovation Survey is designed to map the organization and to identify opportunities for change and improvement. With thousands of employees surveyed from different sectors and across five continents, it is considered a validated tool to examine innovation importance and benefits, innovation leadership and innovation culture. Innovation is mapped through the idea stage all the way to execution and commercialization.
TrendsSpotting utilizes these research tools to provide companies with practical recommendations concerning innovation readiness across the organization. These tools can identify gaps between departments, regions and employees’ seniority and involvement. Those can provide indications for obstacles that block innovation processes, and can structure methodology for innovation intervention and innovation success measurement.
organisational innovation is concerned with the progress of management in an innovative way.here are some facts which says the importance of innovation in every organisation
Organizational Innovation Report by TrendsSpotting: Implementing innovation i...Taly Weiss
In this review we collects insights from academic research, leading analysts and consultancies and observe related case studies, to come up with best practices for the implementation of innovation in organizations. We review models for innovation leadership, culture, innovation strategy and goals; discuss mechanisms for learning and knowledge sharing, and review the required set of incentives and rewards. Focusing on Innovation challenges we collect insights and best practices regarding strategy alignment, management support, idea generation and commercialization, speed, lean processes, innovation events and sharing platforms as well as innovation metrics. In search for optimal innovation implementation methods, we review studies on high performing companies and present case studies on how innovative companies implement innovation in their organization.
The 130 page PPT report “Organizational Innovation: Implementing innovation in organizations” is targeted at innovation stakeholders and aids in structuring the organization towards effective innovation.
This is a sample report.
Implementing Innovation in Organizations: TrendsSpotting's Innovation Assessm...Taly Weiss
In order to help organizations innovate, TrendsSpotting has collected insights from primary research conducted on leading companies as well as start up companies, reviewed academic research together with practical business research and analyzed variety of case studies to come up with core parameters of best practices that are vital for the implementation of innovation in organizations.
On the basis of TrendsSpotting’s core innovation functions, TrendsSpotting has set a methodology to assess organizational innovation readiness.
TrendsSpotting’s Employee Innovation Survey is designed to map the organization and to identify opportunities for change and improvement. With thousands of employees surveyed from different sectors and across five continents, it is considered a validated tool to examine innovation importance and benefits, innovation leadership and innovation culture. Innovation is mapped through the idea stage all the way to execution and commercialization.
TrendsSpotting utilizes these research tools to provide companies with practical recommendations concerning innovation readiness across the organization. These tools can identify gaps between departments, regions and employees’ seniority and involvement. Those can provide indications for obstacles that block innovation processes, and can structure methodology for innovation intervention and innovation success measurement.
Creativity is typically used to refer to the act of producing new ideas, approaches or actions. Whereas innovation is the process of both generating and applying such creative ideas in some specific context.
Chapter 11 Managing Change and InnovationRayman Soe
Richard L. Daft addresses themes and issues directly relevant to both the everyday demands and significant challenges facing businesses today. Comprehensive coverage helps develop managers able to look beyond traditional techniques and ideas to tap into a full breadth of management skills. With the best in proven management and new competencies that harness creativity, D.A.F.T. is Management!
Business Innovation Report by TrendsSpotting: Innovation Strategy, Performanc...Taly Weiss
The purpose of this review is to provide a deep understanding of innovation and its business potential. We will focus on innovation outcomes in terms of performance and present empirical findings linking innovation to business success. We introduce basic definitions of innovation, explore the most common forms of innovation (adding examples and case studies) and discuss disruptive innovation. We identify key innovation strategies developed and tested in academic and business research. We glance into rankings of the most innovative companies to learn on their performance and growth potential. Finally we will study how companies measure innovation and what parameters are critical for them to follow. At the end of the report, we have compiled an insightful “take away” and present extensive case study summarizing key innovation aspects in innovation implementation.
The 140 page PPT report is targeted at innovation stakeholders aiming to promote innovation efforts linked to business success & growth
This presentation outlines our research and concept of introducing 'change management services' within a design consultancies service offerings.
We chose Hot Studio as the consultancy because of their unique position within the marketplace, a studio who offers strategy and digital design services as well as a small bridge into the physical design realm. This is a class project and is in no way professionally affiliated with Hot Studio.
Presentation covers Nature of Innovation , Technological and Network Innovations , Design of Successful Innovative Organisation, Training and Management of Innovation ,Agents of Innovation
CREATIVITY AND PROBLEM SOLVING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION
R. Pellissier Department of Business Management, University of South Africa.
F. SousaPresident, Apgico, INUAF, Loulé, Portugal.
Innovation Adoption Determinants and Competitive Advantage of Selected SMEs i...IJAEMSJORNAL
Rivalry within the Nigerian business environment has made the competitive atmosphere fierce, even amongst small and medium enterprise (SMEs). This has created a dilemma for firms desiring to remain relevant and has informed the urgent need to achieve sustained competitive advantage through innovation adoption. This paper investigated the effect of innovation adoption determinants on competitive advantage of SMEs in Ado-Ota local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria. Empirical and theoretical reviews were used to establish theeffect of innovation adoption on competitive advantage. Primary data collected with a pre-tested questionnaire administeredto four hundred and forty-six managerial cadre of selected SMEs was used. The regressed data results revealed that innovation adoption determinants exhibited positive significant effects on the competitive advantage of the surveyed selected SMEs. The paper recommends that owners-managers of SMEs should seek to selectively adopt innovation in order to gain competitive advantage and achieve sustainable superior performance over their rivals on the long-run.
The objective of this article is to determine the relevance of sustainable innovation
on the business environment in Nigeria. The research focused on the top management
to find out about the benefits of innovation to the relevance of the company over the
past century. Feedback from a few of their final customers was taken in order to
review sales and customer-product loyalty. Then, we conducted a series of multiple
regression models using the data we obtained. Overall, it’s interesting to note that the
rate of increase in profit due to sustainability rose by 23% and 37% But perhaps most
important: Averagely about 50% of businesses have improved on their corporate
models due to sustainability in managing opportunities hence the effect of 20%
increase above that of the previous and also majority of the respondents believe that
the marketing strategies of P and G are very effective. This study will serve as a
practical tool to investors and shareholder of organizations as they work towards
increasing their worth in their organization. This article delivers valued input in
advancing knowledge in expounding relevance of sustainable innovation on the
business environment using Procter and Gamble Nig. PLC as a case study, also
recognising the measurable impact positively and otherwise of these dimensions of
innovative involvements.
Creativity is typically used to refer to the act of producing new ideas, approaches or actions. Whereas innovation is the process of both generating and applying such creative ideas in some specific context.
Chapter 11 Managing Change and InnovationRayman Soe
Richard L. Daft addresses themes and issues directly relevant to both the everyday demands and significant challenges facing businesses today. Comprehensive coverage helps develop managers able to look beyond traditional techniques and ideas to tap into a full breadth of management skills. With the best in proven management and new competencies that harness creativity, D.A.F.T. is Management!
Business Innovation Report by TrendsSpotting: Innovation Strategy, Performanc...Taly Weiss
The purpose of this review is to provide a deep understanding of innovation and its business potential. We will focus on innovation outcomes in terms of performance and present empirical findings linking innovation to business success. We introduce basic definitions of innovation, explore the most common forms of innovation (adding examples and case studies) and discuss disruptive innovation. We identify key innovation strategies developed and tested in academic and business research. We glance into rankings of the most innovative companies to learn on their performance and growth potential. Finally we will study how companies measure innovation and what parameters are critical for them to follow. At the end of the report, we have compiled an insightful “take away” and present extensive case study summarizing key innovation aspects in innovation implementation.
The 140 page PPT report is targeted at innovation stakeholders aiming to promote innovation efforts linked to business success & growth
This presentation outlines our research and concept of introducing 'change management services' within a design consultancies service offerings.
We chose Hot Studio as the consultancy because of their unique position within the marketplace, a studio who offers strategy and digital design services as well as a small bridge into the physical design realm. This is a class project and is in no way professionally affiliated with Hot Studio.
Presentation covers Nature of Innovation , Technological and Network Innovations , Design of Successful Innovative Organisation, Training and Management of Innovation ,Agents of Innovation
CREATIVITY AND PROBLEM SOLVING IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION
R. Pellissier Department of Business Management, University of South Africa.
F. SousaPresident, Apgico, INUAF, Loulé, Portugal.
Innovation Adoption Determinants and Competitive Advantage of Selected SMEs i...IJAEMSJORNAL
Rivalry within the Nigerian business environment has made the competitive atmosphere fierce, even amongst small and medium enterprise (SMEs). This has created a dilemma for firms desiring to remain relevant and has informed the urgent need to achieve sustained competitive advantage through innovation adoption. This paper investigated the effect of innovation adoption determinants on competitive advantage of SMEs in Ado-Ota local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria. Empirical and theoretical reviews were used to establish theeffect of innovation adoption on competitive advantage. Primary data collected with a pre-tested questionnaire administeredto four hundred and forty-six managerial cadre of selected SMEs was used. The regressed data results revealed that innovation adoption determinants exhibited positive significant effects on the competitive advantage of the surveyed selected SMEs. The paper recommends that owners-managers of SMEs should seek to selectively adopt innovation in order to gain competitive advantage and achieve sustainable superior performance over their rivals on the long-run.
The objective of this article is to determine the relevance of sustainable innovation
on the business environment in Nigeria. The research focused on the top management
to find out about the benefits of innovation to the relevance of the company over the
past century. Feedback from a few of their final customers was taken in order to
review sales and customer-product loyalty. Then, we conducted a series of multiple
regression models using the data we obtained. Overall, it’s interesting to note that the
rate of increase in profit due to sustainability rose by 23% and 37% But perhaps most
important: Averagely about 50% of businesses have improved on their corporate
models due to sustainability in managing opportunities hence the effect of 20%
increase above that of the previous and also majority of the respondents believe that
the marketing strategies of P and G are very effective. This study will serve as a
practical tool to investors and shareholder of organizations as they work towards
increasing their worth in their organization. This article delivers valued input in
advancing knowledge in expounding relevance of sustainable innovation on the
business environment using Procter and Gamble Nig. PLC as a case study, also
recognising the measurable impact positively and otherwise of these dimensions of
innovative involvements.
Effects of the External (Macro) And Internal (Micro) Source (Factors) of Inno...inventionjournals
In an attempt to use the resource-based theoretical approach, this article tried to empirically investigate the influence and impact of theinternal (micro) and external (macro) environmental factors of innovation performance using a sample of small and medium sized firms in the telecommunication cluster in Ghana with the main focus on examining variables such as customer inputs, the intensive role of R&D, cooperative networks, the uncertain environment and the complex environment of the firm. A sample of 31 SMEs in the telecommunication cluster was selected with 109 questionnaires administered. The results indicate that the macro environmental sources as cooperative network and customer inputs actually impact positively on the innovation performance of SMEs in the communication cluster in Ghana. However, firm size, network size and complex environment were shown to be negatively related to firm innovation performance.
Management research considers knowledge as one of the first sources of competitiveness of the company.
This observation is at the origin of development in recent years, the Knowledge-Based View (Grant, 1996),
resulting from the resource-based perspective approach.
This research examines the importance of internal sources of knowledge and its relationship with
organizational innovation and organizational performance. We did this research on a sample of 200
Tunisian companies operating in different sectors. Our study was built mainly on the basis of quantitative
method. The data collection method is the questionnaire as part of a hypothetical-deductive approach and
the mode of administration is self-administered survey and e-mail survey. The empirical verification of the
assumptions of this research has led us to confirm the relationship between internal and external sources of
knowledge with organizational innovation and organizational performance and to infirm the relationship
between organizational innovation and organizational performance.
The Socio-Economic Characteristics and the Challenges of Innovation Faced By ...iosrjce
Even though innovation is deemed to be a solution to the many challenges that hinder growth of
firms, it is believed that it can enhance business growth but it is not clear whether innovation by itself can lead
to business growth among the SMEs due to the challenges they face. The main purpose of the study was to
investigate the effect of innovation on growth of medium-sized businesses. Based on the study, this paper
describes the socio-economic characteristics of entrepreneurs and the challenges they face in trying to innovate
towards improving the performance of their firms in Eldoret Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive case study
design on a sample of 169 respondents from Doinyo Lessos Creameries in Uasin Gishu County. Response was
received from 161 participants who accounted for 95%. Purposive sampling technique was used to identify the
area of study; stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the respondents from the
target population. Questionnaire and interview schedule were the main instruments of data collection.
Qualitative data was analyzed descriptively in form of frequency counts, percentages and measures of central
tendency. Some of the challenges include lack of formal innovation policy; inadequate budgetary allocation to
innovation; employees not fully motivated to spur innovation; large companies in the dairy industry had
invested in more research hence developed most of the ideas originating from Doinyo Lessos Creameries, and
that some of the new products do not attract a substantial and economic viable market. It was recommended
that the government needs to provide more training to SMEs to ensure innovative ideas are enhanced and
patented for maximum benefit to the Firms.
Environmental Dynamism and Corporate Vitality of Fast Moving Consumer Goods C...YogeshIJTSRD
Firms need to cope with dynamically evolving environments. Global crises, competitive pressure, changing customer demands, or new technological developments frequently shake established markets. The firm’s ability to sense opportunities and threats, to make decisions on appropriate responses, and to reconfigure the firm’s resource and capability is critical to its vitality and survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between environmental dynamism and corporate vitality of Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies FMCG in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted a cross sectional survey research design. The population of this study was nine 9 fast moving consumer goods companies in Rivers State. Since the unit of analysis was at organizational level, only strategic managers were included. Five managers each were used for each company giving a total of 45 respondents. Primary data was collected using a 5 point Likert scaled questionnaire. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation Coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. The tests were carried out at a 95 confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. Results from analysis of data revealed that there is a strong positive environmental dynamism and corporate vitality of FMCGC in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study recommends that managers of Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies should form and support work environments that inspire employees toward continuous learning and open search behaviours in order to exploit innovation opportunities. Gabriel, J. M. O | George, B M | Adim, C. V "Environmental Dynamism and Corporate Vitality of Fast Moving Consumer Goods Companies in Rivers State, Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39926.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/39926/environmental-dynamism-and-corporate-vitality-of-fast-moving-consumer-goods-companies-in-rivers-state-nigeria/gabriel-j-m-o
Board Attributes and Sustainability Disclosure of Quoted Companies in the Bui...ijtsrd
The study examined the effect which board attributes, namely board size, board independence and board diligence meeting have on sustainability disclosure of industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study is based on a sample of nine listed building material companies under industrial goods sector in Nigeria Exchange Group Plc from 2012 2019. Collected data were analyzed with pooled ordinary least square regression including diagnostic test to confirm the assumptions of the regression. The empirical result indicates that board size has positive and significant effect on sustainability disclosures. Board independence and board diligence have positive but insignificant influence on sustainability disclosures on listed building g material firms in Nigeria. Findings of the study have important policy implications that corporate board attributes can reduce information asymmetry between firm management and investors through sustainability disclosures thereby showing increase concern for stakeholders. The study recommends that regulatory bodies should ensure that all listed firms should comply with the requirements of having sufficient members on the board as specified on the Nigerian Code of Corporate Governance 2018 and Companies and Allied Matters Act 2020 . Emeka Nwokeji N. A | Ohajiano Nwannekalecturer | Agubata N. S "Board Attributes and Sustainability Disclosure of Quoted Companies in the Building Material Sub-Sector of Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47904.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/47904/board-attributes-and-sustainability-disclosure-of-quoted-companies-in-the-building-material-subsector-of-nigeria/emeka-nwokeji-n-a
Linking Theory & PracticeNavigating the innovation landsca.docxsmile790243
Linking Theory & Practice
Navigating the innovation landscape: past
research, present practice, and future trends
Shanthi Gopalakrishnan1,
Eric H Kessler 2,
Joanne L Scillitoe3
1School of Management, New Jersey Institute
of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA; 2Lubin School
of Business, Pace University, New York, USA;
3School of Management, New York Institute of
Technology, Old Westbury, NY, USA
Correspondence:
Shanthi Gopalakrishnan, School of
Management, New Jersey Institute of
Technology, Newark, NY 07102, USA.
Tel: þ973-596-3283;
Fax: þ973-596-3074
Abstract
The management of innovation is among the most critical capabilities
contributing to the success of modern organizations. It is also complex and
frequently misunderstood. In this paper we first provide a broad overview of
the organizational innovation literature [the Past] to distill five fundamental
themes: What is innovation, why is it important, where does it come from,
who engages in it, and how can it be best executed? Second, we illustrate how
these concepts are applied by three companies on the vanguard of innovation
management [the Present] – Google, Walt Disney, and Johnson & Johnson.
Third, we project the discussion forward by considering key issues and emerging
trends [the Future] of innovation management such as nanotechnology, ethical
dilemmas, information technology, globalization, and sustainability. Fourth,
we derive from the above analyses concrete guidelines for managers to
leverage these insights and enable more effective innovation practices.
Organization Management Journal (2010) 7, 262 –277. doi:10.1057/omj.2010.36
Keywords: innovation; management; industry; organization
Introduction
In today’s increasingly turbulent business environment, largely
attributed to continual and rapid globalization and technological
advancements, change has become a ubiquitous phenomenon.
Innovation has emerged as an important mechanism to facilitate
adaptation to this shifting competitive landscape. Although
considered controversial by some skeptics, innovation plays a
critical role in nurturing the economy, creating and radically
transforming industries, sustaining the competitive performance of
firms, and improving the standard of living and creating a better
quality of life for citizens. Understandably, research that is focused
on this climate of change displays a strong “pro-innovation”
perspective (Kimberly, 1981; Abrahamson, 1991) and visualizes
innovation as an inherently beneficial organizational activity with
profound consequences for multiple constituencies. Indeed, it is an
organization’s capability for sustained innovation that oftentimes
determines its success. However, when discussing the management
of innovation, one must also consider the more ambiguous,
potentially destructive, and less readily understood social and
ethical dynamics of the innovation process.
This paper attempts to provide a broad overview of the
innovation management landscape. First, we ...
The Effects of Industrial Environment, Innovation, and Government Policy on B...IOSR Journals
This research aims to provide information about the effects of industrial environment on business performance, industrial environment on business performance with innovation as moderating variable, innovation on business performance and innovation on business performance with government policy as moderating variable. The population of this research is all small industries especially Tenun Songket Riau in Pekanbaru City, Bengkalis Sub District, and Siak Sub District, as many as 330 business units. Sampling method used is proportional sampling with total sample of 110 business units. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used as data analysis and to be processed with AMOS 16 software. The findings of this study are as follows: (1) the more dynamic industrial environment results better business performance of small industry of Riau Songket Weaving; (2) the more dynamic industrial environment supports innovation capability and impacts better business performance of small industry of Riau Songket Weaving; (3) the higher innovation capability of the business results better business performance of small industry of Riau Songket Weaving, and (4) the higher innovation capability and to be supported by conducive government policy impacts better business performance of small industry of Riau Songket Weaving.
Linking Theory & Practice Navigating the innovation landscape pas.docxSHIVA101531
Linking Theory & Practice Navigating the innovation landscape: past research, present practice, and future trends Shanthi Gopalakrishnan1 , Eric H Kessler 2 , Joanne L Scillitoe3 1 School of Management, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA; 2 Lubin School of Business, Pace University, New York, USA; 3 School of Management, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY, USA Correspondence: Shanthi Gopalakrishnan, School of Management, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NY 07102, USA. Tel: þ 973-596-3283; Fax: þ 973-596-3074 Abstract The management of innovation is among the most critical capabilities contributing to the success of modern organizations. It is also complex and frequently misunderstood. In this paper we first provide a broad overview of the organizational innovation literature [the Past] to distill five fundamental themes: What is innovation, why is it important, where does it come from, who engages in it, and how can it be best executed? Second, we illustrate how these concepts are applied by three companies on the vanguard of innovation management [the Present] – Google, Walt Disney, and Johnson & Johnson. Third, we project the discussion forward by considering key issues and emerging trends [the Future] of innovation management such as nanotechnology, ethical dilemmas, information technology, globalization, and sustainability. Fourth, we derive from the above analyses concrete guidelines for managers to leverage these insights and enable more effective innovation practices. Organization Management Journal (2010) 7, 262–277. doi:10.1057/omj.2010.36 Keywords: innovation; management; industry; organization Introduction In today’s increasingly turbulent business environment, largely attributed to continual and rapid globalization and technological advancements, change has become a ubiquitous phenomenon. Innovation has emerged as an important mechanism to facilitate adaptation to this shifting competitive landscape. Although considered controversial by some skeptics, innovation plays a critical role in nurturing the economy, creating and radically transforming industries, sustaining the competitive performance of firms, and improving the standard of living and creating a better quality of life for citizens. Understandably, research that is focused on this climate of change displays a strong “pro-innovation” perspective (Kimberly, 1981; Abrahamson, 1991) and visualizes innovation as an inherently beneficial organizational activity with profound consequences for multiple constituencies. Indeed, it is an organization’s capability for sustained innovation that oftentimes determines its success. However, when discussing the management of innovation, one must also consider the more ambiguous, potentially destructive, and less readily understood social and ethical dynamics of the innovation process. This paper attempts to provide a broad overview of the innovation management landscape. First, we survey the exi ...
Customer-based brand equity has many dimensions, however a general acceptance as to which dimensions to use when measuring customer-based brand equity has not being decided. This study reviews empirical results of literatures that utilized Aaker’s and Keller’s model in measuring brand equity and sum up the main or significant customer-based brand equity. The findings indicate that it is empirical difficult differentiating between brand awareness and brand association.
Exploring trends of tourism demand from the past is essential in measuring the different tourism movement volatility which occurred either nature or man-made. This study analyzes the volatility of tourism demand by data mining tourist numbers arriving in Hong Kong from 1999 to 2010. Eight different markets will be examined, both short haul and long haul, to compare and contrast the characteristic tourist profile and the behavior and attitude changes of each market according to the volume of visitors that come to Hong Kong. There have been significant changes over the past 12 years in different countries with some positive and negative impacts from natural disasters, an economic crisis and mega-events. This paper will compare and contrast different markets and analyze the tourism demand with regards to volatility in relation to the profile characteristics, spending pattern behaviors with tourist’s satisfaction level.
Supply Chain Efficiency Evaluation: A Contemporary Theoretical ModelWorld-Academic Journal
Supply chain management has gained a prodigious amount of attention from both practitioners and industriessince the last decade. Until now, there are many articles, and dissertations that address supply chain management, but there is still a lack of integration between the current efficiency evaluation methods and practical requisites for the supply chain management. A contemporary efficiency evaluation method is proposed to provide necessary support for efficiency improvement in supply chain management. The proposed method will address this aim in the following main aspects: a basic supply chain model; concrete and unconcrete efficiency measurement in various dimensions; a cross-organizational efficiency evaluation; and weighted average and fuzzy set theory method.
Exposure to solar radiation can have positive effects on the human body, but it can also cause damages and melanoma is the most significant among those. The aim of the present study was to gather information about the effects of solar radiation on the human body and to update available knowledge in accordance with new international data. A systematic literature review took place and included both Greek and international books, articles, studies and related papers on the internet (PubMed, Cinahl, Scopus and Iatrotek databases), published from 1998 to this day. Dissertations and “gray literature” (e.g. conference proceedings) were not included in this study. The following terms (“Ultraviolet radiation, skin cancer, sun, sun exposure, electromagnetic spectrum, conjunctiva, cataract, squamous cell cancer , basal cell cancer, cutaneous melanoma”) were used as key-words. UVR may have an impact on the human body according to wavelength. UVA and UVB exposure may cause photoaging and sunburns, and UVC may induce DNA mutations leading to skin cancer. Ozone is the main protective mechanism since it absorbs most of UVR. Ozone layer depletion in the last decades has lead to increased rates of sun-related damages. Most significant damages include cataract and skin damages such as photoaging and skin cancers. Among skin cancers, melanoma has the highest incidence in ever younger ages reducing life expectancy.
A good part of the international literature focuses on primary prevention measures and interventions that include mole monitoring.
Sustainability of Microfinance: A Case of Tea SACCOs in Kericho, Buret and Bo...World-Academic Journal
Tea SACCOs are tea based rural SACCOs formed by tea growers, whose functions are to keep member’s savings in form of shares, savings accounts and deposit accounts among others. Little is known about the factors influencing financial sustainability of Tea SACCOs. The study covered all six Tea SACCOs in Kericho, Bomet and Buret districts in the Rift valley province of Kenya. Analysis involved evaluating growth in net worth, administrative efficiency, loan portfolio quality, staff productivity and transaction costs. The study found that the growth of net assets had been on the decline over the years, loan portfolio was poor and default rates were high. According to the indicators evaluated, Tea SACCOs had not yet reached their full potential in outreach and that high transaction costs hindered their financial sustainability.
Studies and mechanical tries regarding the cutting process by punching of the...World-Academic Journal
In this paper we analyzed in first part on a virtual model made in SolidWorks, mechanical stresses occurring in the mechanism for cutting the dressing, determining optimal cutting force and in second part, on physical model built I determined, using specialized measuring devices, cutting forces. This paper is intended as an analysis of the technical solutions adopted in virtual construction phase by the physical model based on achieved results.
In this paper, the impact of stock market reforms is analyzed on foreign portfolio investment. Time series data is collected on these variables and correlation and regression test is applied on this data. E-views version 7 is used to analyze the data. Correlation shows positive relationship between variable which suggest that reforms are deriving factors of foreign investment. Results show the positive relationship between SMR and FPI.
Lean thinking literature review and suggestions for future researchWorld-Academic Journal
The research provides a literature overview from a timespan of more than 60 years with articles historically and thematically organized about the application of “Lean thinking” (LT) concept and the main research findings through different industries. Lean thinking is an important but yet still under researched aspect of strategic management. By collecting research records from ISI web of knowledge naming directly the lean thinking issue; 34 Web of science records, 10 Medline records and 2 Chinese citation database records were found. Results show that the main focus areas on lean thinking researches are mainly applied in health care industry (with the 48% of the collected records) followed by manufacturing industry (17%), construction (10%), product development (7%), training and education (7%) and supply chain (2%). Other industries (9%) are also starting to apply lean thinking philosophy according to the particularities of their domain. We find research gaps and provide directions for further investigation.
Sustainability of Microfinance: A Case of Tea SACCOs in Kericho, Buret and Bo...World-Academic Journal
Tea SACCOs are tea based rural SACCOs formed by tea growers, whose functions are to keep member’s savings in form of shares, savings accounts and deposit accounts among others. Little is known about the factors influencing financial sustainability of Tea SACCOs. The study covered all six Tea SACCOs in Kericho, Bomet and Buret districts in the Rift valley province of Kenya. Analysis involved evaluating growth in net worth, administrative efficiency, loan portfolio quality, staff productivity and transaction costs. The study found that the growth of net assets had been on the decline over the years, loan portfolio was poor and default rates were high. According to the indicators evaluated, Tea SACCOs had not yet reached their full potential in outreach and that high transaction costs hindered their financial sustainability.
International Inter-institutional Partnerships in Higher Tourism Education: ...World-Academic Journal
Though internationalization of higher education is now well documented in the developed nations, there is a dearth of literature in this area in Africa. In Kenya, the few studies available focus on inter-institutional partnerships between higher institutions of learning offering tourism education and so little is known about these partnerships. And yet Kenya being a leading tourist destination in Africa, it has increased engagements with other parts of the world including academic partnerships motivated by its position in tourism. Consequently, Kenyan universities have introduced academic programs in tourism and hospitality which are now attracting more inter-institutional partnerships. Using the case of Moi University, this study seeks to establish the extent to which staff and student exchanges resulting from these partnerships serve the interest of the collaborating departments in Kenyan universities.
La théorie des jeux et de la décision en présence d’asymétrie d’information d...World-Academic Journal
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Factors affecting innovation capacity...
1. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-OCTOBER 2013 EDITION
International Journal of Business & Management
October 2013 VOL.1, No,8
Factors Affecting Innovation Capacity in the Manufacturing
Industry in Nakuru County Kenya: a Case Study of
Buzeki Dairy Limited
Cyrus Muigai Kihara (Corresponding author), Anthony Juma Wagoki, Dr. Samuel Obino Mokaya &
Bernard Komu Waweru
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi
Kenya
Accepted 17 October 2013
Abstract
The study sought to determine the factors that affect innovation capacity in the manufacturing industry in Nakuru
County. The study adopted a case study research design covering a stratified sample of 140 respondents drawn
from 230 employees of Buzeki Dairy Limited. Data was collected by use of questionnaires and was later
analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis tools. According to the study findings, management
style (93.1% , mean 3.13) was found to be the most important factor influencing innovation capacity with a
strong positive Spearman correlation of 0.458; p-value < 0.01(0.000). The study recommends that, the directors,
managers and supervisors in a manufacturing industry should enhance a flexible management style that is
consultative, open to ideas and encourages and motivates employees. The research indicated that almost half of
the employees were not frequently involved in decision making. Therefore the study recommends for more
involvement of employees in decision making. Employees’ ideas or thoughts may be collected through
suggestion boxes, questionnaires or through frequent meeting with all employees.
Key words: Innovation capacity, management style, Top Management Teams
1. Introduction
Over the recent years the internationalization of products markets has contributed to intensified global
competition, particularly from producers in the developing countries. This has been accelerated by global
integration through technological advancement in information technology. To handle the challenges of this
increasing international competition requires innovation in products, processes and the ways in which businesses
organize and market their products. Innovation is increasingly acknowledged as having a significant contribution
to organizational success, performance and survival. Damanpour (2009) suggests that innovation is often driven
by pressure from the external environment, including factors such as competition, deregulation, isomorphism,
resource scarcity, and customer demand, and that it is associated with adaptive behaviour that changes the
organization in order to maintain or improve its performance.
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2. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-OCTOBER 2013 EDITION
Schumpeter (1934) suggested that Innovation is a central concept for economic growth and can be a source
of sustainable competitive advantage to firms. The innovation imperative is very strong for firms in food
processing sector, and plays a key role in sustaining and enhancing their competitiveness (Capitanio et al., 2010;
Grunert et al., 1997; Rama & Von Tunzelmann, 2008). The ability to develop new ideas and innovations is one of
the top priorities of organizations (Porter, 1999). The fast-paced technological advancement of the late 20th
century and the opening of markets around the world through various trade agreements motivated companies to
launch abundance of new products and services, in many cases exploiting the advancing technology. As a
consequence, innovation became a crucial part of corporate strategy during this period as companies tried to
remain competitive and not lose market shares to more innovative companies. To attain this level of
competitiveness, companies require not only the technology, but also the management skills and corporate vision
to implement the technology successfully (Blackwell & Eilon, 1991).
A firm's construction of sustainable competitive advantage critically depends on its capacity to innovate,
that is its cumulative involvement in learning processes that go beyond the borders of R&D and in which
organizational and managerial aspects play an essential role. It is important, therefore, to understand the
complexities of innovation, the way in which it influences firms' economic and financial results and the
mechanisms through which economic and social factors are involved in the whole process, as well as the
intrinsic difficulties, risks and uncertainty involved in the management of innovation (Nayak & Ketteringham,
1986; Leifer et al., 2000). Because success can never be guaranteed, many organizations are naturally slow to
manage an innovation because of the considerable investment involved. In view of the emerging challenges firms
face, innovation has been seen as an increasingly critical factor in the competitiveness of firms; as a result, more
detailed study on factors that encourage and limit innovative capacity of firms need to be carried out (Stieglitz &
Heine, 2007). The study therefore sought to determine the factors that influence the innovativeness of the
manufacturing industry in Nakuru County.
The general objective of the study was to assess factors affecting innovation capacity in manufacturing industry
in Nakuru County and the specific objective was to assess the influence of management style on innovation
capacity in the manufacturing industry in Nakuru County: a case study of Buzeki Dairy Limited.
2. Literature Review
The study paid a special attention to the impacts of main organizational factor management style in the
manufacturing industry in developing countries. Souitaris (2002) found that one of the main determinants of
innovation in the literature was the organizational factor. Organizational capability is basically a matter of the
internal side of a firm and it strongly determines a firm’s distinctive identity from the other firms (Kahn, 1990)
and thus its ability to innovate. Culture as an organizational factor affects innovation capability, therefore,
innovation is more likely to occur in an organization in which key organizational members are encouraged to be
innovative and where innovative attempts are rewarded rather than punished (West & Anderson, 1996). The
innovation culture is usually developed and supported by the management and the management style in an
organization (Elenkov et al., 2005), hence the need to assess the influence of management style on innovation
capacity.
Innovation is directly related to the Top Management Teams (TMTs) in an organization. Upper Echelon
Theory states that TMTs exert a fundamental influence on strategic choice in their organizations, and, hence, in
their results (Wiersema & Bantel, 1992; Finkelstein & Hambrick, 1990). In this theoretical framework, it is
argued that the leaders' cognitive bases are the mental guidelines which support their decisions, and which
consequently affect the results obtained by their companies (Pegels et al., 2000; Wiersema & Bantel, 1992;
Smith et al., 1994; Kilduff et al., 2000; Knight et al., 1999).
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3. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-OCTOBER 2013 EDITION
Although this individualist perspective of innovation has been criticized as overly narrow and simplistic
(Van de Ven et al., 1989), the notion of entrepreneurs as agents of change has received wide acceptance among
scholars (Kanter, 1984; Drucker, 1985). The entrepreneur’s styles of leadership and management have often been
linked to specific organizational practice of innovation. Roberts et al. (1989) demonstrate that a long-term view
towards new ideas and ventures supports the innovative culture. A centralized approach, on the other hand, has
been shown to have a negative effect on innovation (Damanpour, 1991). According to Zhao (2005), innovation
will flourish under an open style which encourages and rewards idea development. De Jong & Den Hartog (2007)
summarizes that transformational, participative and employee-oriented managers are more likely to encourage
employee innovativeness Knowledge and skills.
Processes like the existence of consensus, communication or agreement-seeking may modify the direct
relationship initially established between top management teams(TMTs) characteristics and organizational
decisions or organizational results (Eisenhardt & Schoonhoven, 1990; Hambrick & D'Aveni, 1992). There is
a wealth of empirical evidence which maintains that TMT diversity and high levels of education benefit the
groups involved in complex decision making and a company's innovative performance may depend, overall, on
the vision developed by its TMT (Bantel & Jackson, 1989; Bantel, 1993; Pegels et al., 2000; Wiersema & Bantel,
1992; Tihanyi et al., 2000).
In the study of company innovation, operationalized as innovative performance, the incidence of TMT
decisions is especially relevant (Ireland et al., 2001). Innovation is an accumulative, collective and uncertain
process, a fact that management directs, promotes and encourages (O'Sullivan, 2000). The preferences of its
leaders can impose serious restrictions on a company's innovation, compromising its ability to identify and act on
profitable opportunities (Penrose, 1959).
3. Methodology
The study adopted a case study research design to describe management style as a factor influencing
innovation capacity in the manufacturing industry; Buzeki dairy Limited and establish causal relationship
between independent variable; management style and dependent variable; innovation capacity as supported by
Saunders et al., (2009).
The study covered a population of 230 employees of Buzeki Dairy Limited, that included managers,
supervisors, technicians, sales and marketing representatives.
A stratified random sampling technique was used to select the employees from various categories (departments)
in Buzeki dairy Limited that was used for the study. In order to assess the views and opinions on the factor
influencing innovation capacity at Buzeki dairy Limited a sample of 140 employees were selected out of a total
population of 230 as guided by Krejcie and Morgan (1970).The sampling design used was appropriate for the
study because every employee had equal chance of being interviewed or filling the questionnaire. It eliminated
biasness.
4. Results and Analysis
From a total population of 230 employees of Buzeki Dairy Ltd, 140 were sampled using Krejcie and
Morgan (1970). Out of 140 questionnaires, 101 were valid which translated to a response rate of 72%.
The study sought to assess the influence of management style on innovation capacity in manufacturing industry
in Nakuru County. The finding showed that 91.1% of respondents agreed that management was flexible and open
to change and adoption. Consultation for new process or market was done per department and management was
found to be flexible and encouraging new processes (mean 3.08, standard deviation of 0.578). The results also
illustrated a high rate (93.1%) of the respondents who agreed that the organization departmental level encourages
and motivates innovative ideas, this also attracted a high mean of 3.13 with dispersion of 0.577. 85.2% of the
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4. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-OCTOBER 2013 EDITION
respondents agreed that there was an enabling management style for innovation with a mean of 2.96 and
deviation of 0.582. Accordingly, 91.1% of the respondents also agreed that management style influences the
ability of the organization to innovate with a mean of 3.05 and standard deviation of 0.517 (Table 4.1). These
results imply that management style highly influences the innovation capacity of a manufacturing industry. This
is consistent with Zhao (2005) who argued that innovation will flourish under an open style which encourages
and rewards idea development. In addition De Jong and Den Hartog (2007) summarized that transformational,
participative and employee-oriented managers are more likely to encourage employee innovativeness knowledge
and skills. A centralized approach, on the other hand, has been shown to have a negative effect on innovation
(Damanpour, 1991).
Table 4.1 Management Style Descriptive Statistics
N
Mean
Std. Deviation
Agree
Disagree
Management is flexible and open
to change
101
3.08
0.578
91.1%
8.9%
Management consultation for
new idea
101
3.08
0.578
91.1%
8.9%
Management encourages &
motivate innovation
101
3.13
0.577
93.1%
6.9%
Management style of open and
flexible enough
101
3.09
0.585
91.1%
8.9%
Management style is enabling for
innovation
101
2.96
0.582
85.2%
14.8%
Management style influences
innovation capacity
101
3.05
0.517
91.1%
8.9%
Valid n (listwise)
101
Further, the study tested a null hypothesis (H0) that there is no positive relationship between management
style and innovation capacity in manufacturing industry in Nakuru County.
The results indicated that there was a strong positive relationship between management style and innovation
capacity as shown in Table 4.2. This implies that the more flexible the management style, the more the capacity
of a manufacturing industry to innovative. The relationship was significant at 0.01 confidence level with a
Spearman correlation of 0.458; p-value < 0.01(0.000).Thus the null hypothesis (H0) that there was no positive
relationship between management style and innovation capacity was rejected. This could imply that management
style directly and positively influences the innovation capacity. These results are consistent with previous
researches by Zhao (2005), which found that innovation flourishes under an open style which encourages and
rewards idea development, and De Jong and Den Hartog (2007) who opined that transformational, participative
and employee-oriented managers are more likely to encourage employee innovativeness knowledge and skills.
Table 4. 2 Management Style Correlation Matrix
MS
Spearman's rho
MS
IC
Correlation Coefficient
1.000
.458**
Sig. (2-tailed)
.
.000
N
101
101
333
5. WORLD ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF BUSINESS & APPLIED SCIENCES-MARCH-OCTOBER 2013 EDITION
Correlation Coefficient
.458**
1.000
Sig. (2-tailed)
.000
.
N
IC
101
101
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
MS: Management Style
IC: Innovation Capacity
5. Conclusions
The finding showed that 91.1% of respondents agreed that management was flexible and open to change
and adoption. Consultation for new process or market was done per department and management was found to
be flexible and encouraging new processes (mean 3.08, standard deviation of 0.578). The results also illustrated a
high (93.1%) of the respondents who agreed that the organization departmental level encourages and motivates
innovative ideas, this also attracted a high mean of 3.13 with dispersion of 0.577. 85.2% of the respondents
agreed that there was an enabling management style for innovation with a mean of 2.96 and deviation of
0.582. Accordingly, 91.1% of the respondents also agreed that management style influences the ability of the
organization to innovate with a mean of 3.05 and standard deviation of 0.517.
The results indicated that there was a strong positive relationship between management style and innovation
capacity as shown in Table 4.2. This implies that the more flexible the management style, the more the capacity
of a manufacturing industry to innovative. The relationship was significant at 0.01 confidence level with a
Spearman correlation of 0.458; p-value < 0.01(0.000).Thus the null hypothesis (H0) that there was no positive
relationship between management style and innovation capacity was rejected. This could imply that management
style directly and positively influences the innovation capacity. The study therefore concludes that management
style influences innovative capacity of a firm.
6. Recommendations
The study recommends that manufacturing industry that needs to be innovative and compete well in the
market should focus more on organizational management style. The directors, managers and supervisors in a
manufacturing industry should enhance a flexible management style that is consultative, open to ideas,
encourage and motivates employees. Further, the study recommends for more involvement of employees in
decision making. Employees’ ideas or thoughts may be collected through suggestion boxes, questionnaires or
frequent meeting with all employees. This will make them own the organization and work towards achieving its
goal and objectives. Management style should be improved to enable an innovation culture in the organization.
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