Functional analysis is a method used to determine the function of problem behaviors through descriptive assessment, indirect assessment, and direct observation of behavior under different conditions. There are typically four functions of problem behavior - attention, access to reinforcers, automatic reinforcement, and escape from demands. Understanding the function allows for targeted interventions, such as teaching an alternative to escape or providing non-contingent reinforcement to reduce attention-seeking behavior.
3. A method used to determine the function of
problem behavior
Problem behavior
• Self-stimulation
• Swiping materials
• Hitting, kicking, spitting
• Non-compliance
• Inappropriate vocalizations
• Any disruptive behaviors
4. Attention (positive or negative)
Reinforcers (tangibles-toys or food)
Automatic positive reinforcement (self-
stimulatory/stereotyped)
Escape (escape from demands)
5. Four Typical Conditions
• Alone
• Contingent Attention
Toys
• Contingent Escape
Work (trials)
• Control Condition
Christmas time
6. Once we know the function, we can design
a specific intervention to address the
problem behavior
• Escape-Teach to request a break
• Attention- NCR
7. 1. Why would you run a functional assessment?
2. True/False: Functional analysis, descriptive
assessment and indirect assessment are all
types of functional assessments.
3. What are the four functions of problem behavior?
4. List two problem behaviors that you think should
instigate an FA.
5. Which is not a typical Functional Analysis
condition?
a) Alone
b) Contingent Escape
c) Contingent Punishment
d) Control condition
