1.
The American Identity:
Europeans, Black Americans,
Hispanics, Asians, Native
Americans
“In the next century, we will have
an opportunity to become the
world's first truly multiracial,
multiethnic democracy. ”
B. Clinton
“The US – a nation of diversity
and promise.”

2.
Population in the USA
Population in 2012- 30.09.2012
314,488,3471
Population Growth in 2000-2010
9,9%2 (about 1% per year)
Expected population by 2050 – 423
mil3
1
September 2012 U.S. Census Bureau.
2
http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-01.pdf
3
http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/analytical-

3.
Population Growth
*Источник: http://www.census.gov/population/projections/SummaryTabA1.pdf

4.
Population Density

5.
Racial and ethnic groups of
American Population in 2008
(305 mil)
• White
• Black Americans
• Hispanics
• Asians
• Native Americans
66%
14%
15%
5%
1,6%

6.
Ethnic make-up of the population in 2010
*2010 г:
http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf

7.
Increase
in racial and ethnic diversity
• In 1990 respondents of the
Census Bureau could select only
one of the 5 categories : White,
Black, Hispanic, American
Indian or Aleutian, Asian or
Pacific Islander.
• The 2000 Census gave people
the option of choosing from 63
race options!

8.
American population in 2010 and 2050
2010
2050
Whites
63.7%
46.3%
Asians
4.8%
7.8%
Blacks
12.6%
13%
Hispanics
16.3%
30.2%
http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/files/nation/summary/
np2008-t4.xls

9.
Geographical distribution
of racial and ethnic groups (2005)
Minorities
Whites
The West
36%
64%
The South
30%
70%
The Northeast
23%
77%
The Midwest
15%
85%
US Census Bureau, California, racial breakdown,

10.
Racial composition of the Regions
• Hispanics and Asians are likely
to live in the West
• Blacks in the South
• Whites in the Northeast,
Midwest and Mountain states

11.
Racial composition of
metropolitan areas vs suburbs
• Hispanics and Asians tend to live and
settle down in NYC, Chicago, Los
Angeles, San Diego, Las Vegas, San
Francisco – metropolitan areas
• 60% of White Americans live in the
suburbs

12.
Data Set: 2006 Population Estimates
United States by State ( 300 mil)
•
Legend
The most populous
state

13.
During the Twentieth Century annual numbers of births fluctuated considerably. The
numbers reached a low during the depths of the Great Depression, and peaked during
the post-World War II Baby Boom.

14.
Population Age-Sex Structure
On age-sex pyramids the bars on the left represent male cohorts by five-year age
categories.

15.
Non-Hispanic Whites
• Non-Hispanic whites are currently
64% of the U.S. population and are
projected to be 46% in 2050.
• Growth rate of Whites is the lowest one
• Today non-Hispanic whites are in the
minority in four states -- Hawaii, New
Mexico, California and Texas -- and
the District of Columbia

16.
Non-Hispanic Whites
• Whites tend to live in nonmetropolitan areas – more “footloose”
• Ethnics – people who are identified
with a national origin (French
communities in New Orlean, Russians
in NYC, etc)
• WASPs – White Anglo-Saxon
Protestants

17.
Region
Whites
Ethnic
Minorities
Midwest
85%
15%
Northeast
77%
23%
South
70%
30%
West
64%
36%
Midwest – the highest concentration of whites
NYC 44,66 % of whites
California 43,8 % of whites. 1
1
US Census Bureau, California, racial breakdown, 2005

18.
Black Americans
• Blacks are the largest minority
group - 40.7 mil - 14%
• The Black population is projected
to rise from 14 % in 2008 to 15 %
in 2050
• They are likely to be found in the
South and in huge metropolitan
areas

19.
Black Americans
• 1808 Congress bans importation of
slaves
• The Compromise of 1820 prohibits
slavery in territories north of Missouri.
• 1861 Lincoln takes the presidential oath
of office.
• 1861 The Southern Confederacy ratifies
a new Constitution and elects Jefferson
Davis as the first Confederate president.
• 1861-1865 Civil War

20.
Black Americans
• 1863 - The Emancipation
Proclamation abolishes slavery
• 1865 13th Amendment abolished
slavery
• 1868 14th Amendment gave
Blacks the right of citizenship
• 1870 15th Amendment gave
Blacks the right to vote

21.
The Civil Rights Movement
• 1896 The Supreme Court rules that “separate
but equal” accommodations for African
Americans and whites are сonstitutional. This
decision allows for legalized segregation
• 1950s-1960sThe Civil Rights movement. Martin
Luther King.
• 1954 The Supreme Court rules in Brown vs
Topeka Board of Education that “separate but
equal” educational facilities are
unconstitutional
• 1964 The Civil Rights Acts ensures voting
rights and prohibits housing discrimination.

22.
Hispanics
• Hispanics represent the fastest
growing ethnic minority (15% the
US population)
• The Hispanic population is projected
to nearly triple, from almost 47 mil
to 133 mil, during the 2008-2050
period, and will jump from 15% to
30% of the population.

23.
Hispanics
• Hispanics are people who reported
that their normal language is
Spanish; they are also described as
being of any race
•
Hispanic is considered an
ethnicity, not a race; people of
Hispanic ethnicity can be of any
race

24.
Why are Hispanics classified as
a distinct group ?
they have come since about 1950 in
very large numbers;
they tend to remain in the certain
parts of the US;
 they are slow to learn English;
majority of them appear to be
ethnically different from white or
black Americans.

25.
Asians
• Asians are the second fastest-growing group
in the United States
• According to the August 14 2008 Census
Bureau report Asians will increase from 5%
of the U.S. population in 2008 to 7.8 % by
2050
• They are attracted by 3 metropolitan areas –
NYC, Los Angeles, San Francisco
• Educational attainment and average income
of Asians are above the average for the
general population

26.
Why are immigrants from Latin
America and Asia attracted by
metropolitan areas?
American Immigration Laws based on
family reunification
Immigrants from these countries
depend on their communities’ social
and economic support
Historical places of concentration of
Asians and Hispanics were and are big
cities.

27.
Recent Tendencies
among Ethnic Groups
Income
Employment
Residential patterns
Education

28.
Percentage of Population living in poverty
in 2008
Total U.S.
population
White
AfricanAmerican
Hispanics
15,1%
12,2%
33,1%
30,6%
U.S.Unemployment
Total U.S.
Population
White
AfricanAmerican
Hispa
nics
6,1%
5,3%
11,5%
10%

29.
What regions
are the poorest
ones?

30.
INCOME DISTRIBUTION BY FIFTH (20%)
LOWEST
FIFTH
SECOND
FIFTH
THIRD
FIFTH
FOURTH
FIFTH
TOTAL U.S.
POPULATION
$19 070
$32 985
$48 985
$72 260
WHITE
$20 916
$35 046
$51 000
$75 000
AFRICANAMERICAN
S
$10 200
$20 000
$32 296
$51 016
HISPANICS
$11 479
$19 677
$30 022
$48 492

31.
Median Household Income 2005
What are the wealthiest regions and states?

32.
American Indians/
Native Americans
• American Indians and Alaska Natives are
projected to increase from 1.6 % (4.4 mil) in
2008 to 2 % in 2050.
• The largest populations live in California,
Oklahoma, Arizona, and Alaska.
• Native Americans speak more than 250
languages, and there are 561 federally
languages
recognized tribal governments in the United
States.
• Some live on rural or remote reservations,
in villages and pueblos, or on Rancherias

33.
The number of reservations
on the territory of the US
– 314
The majority of the
reservations are in the
West.
More than 1/2 of American
Indians reside in
California(413,382)
Arizona(294,137)
Oklahoma(279,559)

34.
American Indians
• 25000 BC - The Native Americans are
believed to have arrived in North America
• 1786 - The U.S. establishes first Native
American reservation
• 1830 - Congress passes the Removal Act,
forcing Native Americans to settle in Indian
Territory west of the Mississippi River
• 1887 - The Dawes Act dissolves many Indian
reservations in United States
• 1924 - Congress passed the Indian
Citizenship Act

35.
Indian Reservations Today
• In 1934 the Indian Reorganization Act or
the Indian New Deal encouraged NA to set
up their own councils to run the affairs of
their reservations
• An Indian reservation is a formal term for
land which is managed by a Native
American tribe under the U.S. Department
of the Interior’s Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• The land is federal territory and Native
Americans have limited national
sovereignty, there are legal casinos on
reservations.

36.
Tribal Governments
• There are 560 tribal governments with a
direct government-to-government
relationship with the federal
government.
• There are about 300 Indian reservations
in the USA, meaning not all of the
country’s 500-plus recognised tribes
have a reservation.
• These governments’ responsibilities:
administering their own judicial systems and
police forces,
• operating schools and hospitals, managing a
wide range of business enterprises.

37.
Harvard University Research
The State of Native Nations (2008)
• Most of the social and economic
indicators are moving in a positive
direction
• Many tribal governments are strong
• Educational attainment levels are
improving
• There is a cultural renaissance
occurring in many tribal communities.

38.
A new program at the University of
North Texas (UNT) launched in 2009 by
the International Indigenous and American
Indian Initiative
• A variety of Native-oriented courses;
• An Indigenous Studies major /minor, a significant
presence of Native faculty and staff at all levels
• Ongoing Native student recruitment and funding;
• Language preservation;
• Significant Native-generated library holdings;
• A viable indigenous student organization;
• Indigenous-related research;
• Strong relations with Native nations, tribal colleges,
and American Indian organizations.

39.
Population Aging
• One in five people will be 65 and older
by 2050.
• By 2050, there will be 19 mil people
age 85 and older, more than 3 times
today’s number.
• The population in the “working ages”
of 18 to 64 is projected to fall from 63
% to 57 % between 2008 and 2050,
and over half (55 %) will be
minorities.

40.
Percent of a country’s residents aged 65+
http://www.censusscope.org/us/map_65plus.html

41.
References
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http://www.census.gov/
http://usgovinfo.about.com/
http://www.ssa.gov/
http://us-america.ru/
http://www.mineful.com/demographics
http://usgovinfo.about.com/
http://www.newgeography.com/
http://www.gallup.com
America's Changing Demographics
http://www.pbs.org/nbr/site/features/special/changing_
demographics/
• Birthrate Is Lowest in a Century. The New York
Times
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/28/us/28birth.html
• www.boomerslife.org/