The document discusses Indonesia's potential for blue economy development based on its abundant marine resources. It outlines Indonesia's long coastline, islands, fisheries production, and offshore oil and gas reserves. It then introduces concepts of sustainable development, green economy, and blue economy as approaches for promoting sustainable and equitable use of marine resources. The key principles of blue economy emphasized are learning from nature, zero waste systems, social inclusiveness, and generating multiple economic benefits. The document proposes applying blue economy principles to Indonesia's marine industries, tourism potential, and spatial planning in its coastal areas.

1. KEMENTERIAN KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN
JAKARTA, 26 NOVEMBER 2012
BLUE ECONOMY:
TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE MARINE AND FISHERIES
DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PROSPERITY OF THE PEOPLE
IN INDONESIA
2nd APEC Blue Economy Forum, Tianjin, PR. CHINA December 6, 2012
SUNOTO, MES, PHD
THE MINISTRY OF MARINE AFFAIRS AND FISHERIES, REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
September 6, 2013
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2. INTRODUCTION
1. Indonesia is an archipelagic country with abundance of marine and fishery
resources. However, the contribution of marine and fisheries sector to the
economy is relatively still small.
2. MARINE RESOURCES: ABUNDANCE
• Number of Islands: 17,504 Islands
• Coastline: 81.000 km
• Marine area: 5.8 million km2 (2/3 of Indonesian territory)
• Industry: 80% of industries and 75% of major cities are in the coastal area
• Capture fisheries: the 6.5 million tones of fish per year
• Mariculture potential: more than 12 million ha
• Oil & gas: oil & gas Indonesia Basin from 60 spots, 70% are in the ocean
• Petroleum reserves of 9.1 Billion Barrels in the sea
• Tourism: most of the tourist attractions linked to the sea
3. ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS: RISKS
• Environmental Degradation and Pollution
• Global Warming and Climate Change
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3. MARINE AND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT:
OUR CHALLENGE (OPPORTUNTY AND
COMMON CONCERN)
u BALANCING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH EQUITY
AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: Increasing
economic growth, job opportunity, poverty alleviation, and
protecting the environment from natural resources
degradation and pollution
u PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLES: Integrated,
comprehensive, long terms oriented policies, nature’s
efficiency and multiple economic benefits
u NEED : BREAKTHROUGH POLICIES AND
PROPER DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES
u SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, GREEN
ECONOMY, AND BLUE ECONOMY?
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4. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ?
The concept of Sustainable Development was developed to
respond to economic crisis, including food, water, and energy in
underdeveloped countries mainly in Africa and Asia, as a result
of greed and careless managing the nature.
The essence and formulation of Sustainable Development:
The ESSENCE: "sustainable development is a development that
meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability
of future generations to meet their own needs": does not
damage the nature: atmosphere, water, soil and living things--
reducing pollution and environmental degradation, control the
exploitation of natural resources, and promote social equity.
DEFINITION: "sustainable development is a process of change
in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of
investments, the orientation of technological development, and
institutional change are all in a state of harmony, as well as
increasing the potential for the present and the future to meet
the needs and aspirations of human beings." (Brundtland
Commission, WCED, 1987)
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5. GREEN ECONOMY (UNEP)
Green Economy is “…. one that results in improved human well-
being and social equity, while significantly reducing
environmental risks and ecological scarcities.”
“In its simplest expression, a green economy can be thought of
as one which is low carbon, resource efficient, and socially
inclusive.”
“… a green economy is one whose growth in income and
employment is driven by public and private investments that
reduce carbon emissions and pollution, enhance energy and
resource efficiency, and prevent the loss of biodiversity and
ecosystem services.” (UNEP REPORT)
Critical Issues on Green Economy: Green products and services
tend to be more expensive and companies invest more
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6. BLUE ECONOMY:
SEARCHING FOR NEW MODELS OF MARINE
AND FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT
In 2010: the publication of The Blue Economy:10 years, 100 Innovations, and
100 million jobs by Gunter Pauli (2010) THE CLUB OF ROME REPORT)
The concept of the Blue Economy developed to answer the challenge that
the system of the world economy has been exploitative and damaging the
environment, but because of the waste and the damage caused by the
exploitation of nature exceed the capacity or ability of natural support.
The principles of resource efficiency, low carbon, social inclusiveness have
flourished, but still hasn't been able to overcome the human greed to exploit
natural resources.
The implementation of sustainable development with the concept of green
products and services, i.e. environmentally friendly products and services
do not necessarily match the expectations: to buy more expensive products
and cannot reach the poor, even investors have to pay larger fees to produce
green products and services.
The concept of the Blue Economy is meant to challenge the investors that
the blue economy business model provides an opportunity to develop
business and investment more profitable economically and environmentally:
using natural resources more efficiently and does not damage the
environment, production systems more efficient and cleaner, producing
goods with greater economic value, increase the absorption of labor, and
provides an opportunity to give benefit to all contributors.
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7. THE ESSENSE OF BLUE ECONOMY
1) LEARNING FROM NATURE: the concept of the Blue Economy
modeled after nature: working according to what nature provided
with efficient: do not diminish but rather enrich nature (shifting from
scarcity to abundance).
2) THE LOGIC OF ECOSYSTEMS: the workings of the foundation of the
ecosystem model of the Blue Economy, i.e. like water flowing from
the mountains carrying nutrients and energy to meet the basic
needs of life of all components of the ecosystem--waste from
something being food for others, waste from one process to the raw
material/energy source for others. Only by gravity energy is
distributed efficiently and evenly without external energy extraction.
3) INSPIRED BY 100 INNOVATIONS: there are 100 practical economic
innovations that inspire Blue Economy with the principle follow the
workings of ecosystems: ecosystems are always working towards
higher efficiency levels to drain the nutrients and energy without
emissions and waste to meet the basic needs for all contributors.
SOURCE: PAULI 2010
September 6, 2013
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8. THE BLUE ECONOMY PRINCIPLES
• Nature’s efficiency
• Zero waste: leave nothing to waste – waste for one
is a food for another - waste from one process is
resource of energy for the other
• Social inclusiveness: self-sufficiency for all – social
equity, more job, more opportunities for the poor
• Generation to regeneration and balancing
production and consumption
• Multiple Economic Benefits
SOURCE: PAULI 2010
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9. THE NATURE OF BLUE ECONOMY
• Blue Economy is likely Green 2.0 (Pauli 2010)
• Blue Economy is not simply Ocean-based Economy,
but Ocean-based Economy may be developed based
upon the Principles of Blue Economy
• Blue Economy is not Green Economy applied to
Marine Resource Development
• The concept of Blue Economy is likely most suitable
to apply in promoting sustainable marine and fisheries
development
• BLUE ECONOMY: INTEGRATION OF OCEAN-
BASED AND LAND-BASED ECONOMY
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10. THE PRINCIPLES MARINE AND
FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT BASED ON
BLUE ECONOMY
1) POLICY INTEGRATION: The policy integration of economic
development and environmental protection, and
investment at the national, provincial, and district levels.
2) REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: Region-based economic
development: land-use planning; cross-cutting authority,
business interest, and ecological boundaries that promote
economic growth and environmental protection.
3) CLEAN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: achieving efficient
production systems without waste (leave nothing to
waste): pollution-free and does not damage the
environment.
4) CREATIVE and INNOVATIVE INVESTMENTS: developing
the Blue Economy Models of Investment and Businesses.
5) SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: promoting a balanced
economic development and environmental protection.
September 6, 2013
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11. CRITERIA OF BLUE ECONOMY MODELS OF
BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT
(innovations and creativity)
1) MULTIPLE REVENUE/CASH FLOW
2) BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITY:
• SAVE RAW MATERIALS AND ENERGY (reduce cost)
• DIVERSIFY PRODUCTS/SERVICES/BUSINESSES (more products, money and job)
• HIGH PRODUCTIVITY (more money)
• AN INCREASE IN VALUE ADDED (more money)
• QUALITY IMPROVEMENT (more money)
• NO WASTE: WASTE AS RAW MATERIAL for DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS (more money
and job)
• NATURAL RESOURCE and COST EFFICIENT, but REVENUE INCREASED (more
money for less environmental risk)
3) INCREASED EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES (+)
4) AN INCREASE IN PEOPLE'S INCOME (+)
5) DO NOT DAMAGE AND POLLUTE THE ENVIRONMENT (reduce tax burden
and lawsuit risk)
6) EFFICIENT AND ENRICH THE NATURE (+)
INNOVATION and CREATIVITY include: PRODUCTS, PRODUCTION SYSTEMS,
MANAGEMENT, MIND SET, AND THE WAYS OF DOING BUSINESS
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12. POLICY AND STRATEGY
1) DEVELOPING BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT POLICY PRO
INNOVATION AND CREATIVITY WITH THE BLUE
ECONOMY MODEL: Marine and Fisheries, Sea
Transportation, Maritime Industry, Tourism, Energy and
Mineral Resources
2) IMPROVING INTEGRATED NATIONAL POLICY AND
OCEAN-BASED RELATED ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND
LAND-BASED ECONOMY
3) DEVELOPING BLUE ECONOMY MODEL ZONES
4) DEVELOPING CONNECTIVITY: BUSINESSES AND
INFRASTRUCTURE
5) DEVELOPING RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, AND HUMAN
RESOURCES
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13. BLUE ECONOMY MODELS
1) INTEGRATED MODEL OF BUSINESS AND INVESTMENT:
business and investment with innovation and creativity
that promote diversification of products and businesses,
increased employment, nature’s efficiency, multiple
economic benefits and save the environment,
2) SMALL ISLANDS CLUSTERING: a Region-based Model of
integrated economic and environmental management of
small islands,
3) The BAY AREA MANAGEMENT MODEL: the Bay area is
relatively spacious and projected into an economic area
with rich plurality of high activity – economically valuable
and environmentally protected,
4) CONSERVATION AREA ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT:
models of protected area: Balancing environmental
conservation and the economy.
September 6, 2013
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14. Indonesia
LAND AREA
SEA AREA
POPULATION
COASTLINE 220 KM
1.105.671 Persons
1.074,33 KM2
1.605,55 KM2
LOCATION
(1)
DIREKTORAT
TATA
RUANG
LAUT
PESISIR
DAN
PULAU-­‐PULAU
KECIL
Direktorat
Tata
Ruang
Laut,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Direktorat
Jenderal
Kelautan,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Kementerian
Kelautan
dan
Perikanan
EAST LOMBOK: BLUE ECONOMY MODEL 1

15. TIMUR
+ Total of Vilage = 8 vilages
(Jerowaru, Pandan Wangi, Pemongkong,
Sekaroh, Batunampar, Batunampar Selatan,
Pene, Serewe, Wakan, Ekas Buana);
+ Total of population : 54.125 persons (Th. 2012)
PLANNING
REGION
(2)
DIREKTORAT
TATA
RUANG
LAUT
PESISIR
DAN
PULAU-­‐PULAU
KECIL
Direktorat
Tata
Ruang
Laut,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Direktorat
Jenderal
Kelautan,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Kementerian
Kelautan
dan
Perikanan

16. PLANNING
REGION
(3)
DIREKTORAT
TATA
RUANG
LAUT
PESISIR
DAN
PULAU-­‐PULAU
KECIL
Direktorat
Tata
Ruang
Laut,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Direktorat
Jenderal
Kelautan,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Kementerian
Kelautan
dan
Perikanan

17. MARINE INDUSTRY ZONE (4)
PEARL
Potency: 3.433,65Ha
Existing area : 1.628,15
Ha
Total Product :
0,20 tons (2009)
SEAWEED
Potency: 2000 Ha
Existing area: 526,18
Ha
Total Product:
118,975 tons (2009)
GROUPER
Potency:
509,40 Ha
Existing area :
9 Ha
Total Product :
12,60 tons (2009)
LOBSTER
Potency: 525,68 Ha
Existing area : 28,55
Ha
Total of Product : 146
tons (2009)
SALT
Potency: 2.183,13 Ha
Existing area: 205 Ha
Total Product: 9.106,38
tons (2012)
Productive salt pond : 205 Ha
Potential salt pond : 2.183,13 Ha
Forest Area
DIREKTORAT
TATA
RUANG
LAUT
PESISIR
DAN
PULAU-­‐PULAU
KECIL
Direktorat
Tata
Ruang
Laut,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Direktorat
Jenderal
Kelautan,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Kementerian
Kelautan
dan
Perikanan
TOURISM
Potency:
Coral reef, pink
sand
Existing area :
1 hour from
Lombok
international airport

18. DIREKTORAT
TATA
RUANG
LAUT
PESISIR
DAN
PULAU-­‐PULAU
KECIL
Direktorat
Tata
Ruang
Laut,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Direktorat
Jenderal
Kelautan,
Pesisir
dan
Pulau-­‐pulau
Kecil
Kementerian
Kelautan
dan
Perikanan
Ringgit Gulf
Ekas Bay
Sunut Island
Pink Beach
Serewe Beach
Heaven Beach
TOURISM AT THE PLANNING AREA (5)

19. Farming Zone
Forest area,
Central park
Techno Park
Industry & Energy
Marine Industry
Housing
Tourism,
Culinary
Salt Evaporation
Pond
Lobster
Grouper
Seaweed
Grouper, Lobster,
Pampus
Argentus
Ecotourism
Pearl
Loligo spp
LEGEND :
Plan of Main Road
Planning area
boundary
AN INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
OF THE COASTAL AREA: EAST LOMBOK

20. 20

21. 21

22. 22

23. PETA
PUSAT-PUSAT KEGIATAN
23

24. 24

25. 25

26. 26

27. THANK YOU
September 6, 2013
27
BLUE ECONOMY: BLUE OCEAN - BLUE SKY
SEE SEA FOR A BETTER WORLD