3. The different needs do not
Existence Needs
exist in a rigid hierarchy. It
Relatedness Needs is not necessary for the
Growth Needs lower level needs to be
completely satisfied for the
higher level needs to
appear
An individual may focus
on all the three needs
simultaneously
4. People are lazy & Are willing to work hard when
irresponsible the right conditions exist i.e.,
work is as good as play
Dislike work need and Have a psychological need to
direction & work & seek achievement &
Will work hard only when responsibility
Can be motivated to work hard by
they are pushed or
providing them with interesting &
threatened with punishment challenging jobs, encouraging
greater participation &
developing good relations.
THEORY X THEORY Y
5. Authority & responsibility Company policy &
Advancement opportunities administration
Supervision
Recognition & appreciation Salary
Work itself Interpersonal relations
Achievement Working conditions
CRITICISM
Methodological
Methodology
Overall satisfaction not
measured
Assumptions not tested
MOTIVATORS HYGIENE
6. Need for achievement (nAch) Moderate risks
Need for power (nPow) Feedback
Need for affiliation (nAff) Personal responsibility
Entrepreneurial
Matches their ability
LIMITATIONS Internal locus of control
Difficulty in measuring needs
Time consuming & expensive
Not practical
Needs & limitations characteristics
7. Cognitive Evaluation Theory
Goal Setting Theory
Self – Efficacy Theory
Reinforcement Theory
Equity Theory
Expectancy Theory
The relationship between the different theories of motivation &
global implications