Chandrayaan 2 | Facts You Should Know | India's Second Lunar MissionAlan Das Mannoosseril
Brief Presentation on the highlights of the mission.
Dept. of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics,
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technolgy, Shibpur (IIESTS), Kolkata
Chandrayan 2 Presentation- launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sr...KeralaOnline
Presenting Chandrayan 2 Power Point Presentation.All Details About Chandrayaan 2.Inages,Details of Chandrayan 2.Chandrayaan-2 launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, India, aboard a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) rocket on July 22, 2019 and reached lunar orbit on August.
This presentation gives details about the chandrayaan 2.Its launching process and parts in it.The whole proces of the chandrayaan 2 in reaching moon...and more details.
A tribute to ISRO and its vision, on the occasion of the successful launch of Chandrayaan-I.
I have tried to chronicle ISRO's journey from humble beginnings as the underfunded space program of an impoverished nation to one of the premier space research organisations of the world.
This particular presentation was created for school children, in order to inspire them to dream big and take pride in their nation's endeavours.
- Rahul M
Basic presentation and overview of India's most awaited mission chandrayaaan-2 carried out by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) which includes the different modules used in the mission including the budget and other related stuffs.
A presentation file for Space shuttles & advancement for seminar purposes.
Information is collected from various websites including nasa.gov.in,wikipedia,space.com.
Space Debris - An Environmental Problem for Space MissionsPramod Devireddy
Space Debris Report
What is Space Debris? Why is Space Debris dangerous? Space Debris Events,
Threat to Space Missions, Measures taken for Cleaning Space Debris, ISRO – Space Debris.
Astronomy1013 WritingCPresented by Summary of th.docxikirkton
Astronomy 1013: Writing C
Presented by:
Summary of the video
The twin Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are exploring where nothing from Earth has flown before. Continuing on their more-than-37-year journey since their 1977 launches, they each are much farther away from Earth and the sun than Pluto. In August 2012, Voyager 1 made the historic entry into interstellar space, the region between stars, filled with material ejected by the death of nearby stars millions of years ago.
Scientists hope to learn more about this region when Voyager 2, in the “heliosheath" -- the outermost layer of the heliosphere where the solar wind is slowed by the pressure of interstellar medium -- also reaches interstellar space. Both spacecraft are still sending scientific information about their surroundings through the Deep Space Network, or DSN.
Summary of the video
The primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn. After making a string of discoveries there -- such as active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io and intricacies of Saturn's rings -- the mission was extended. Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune, and is still the only spacecraft to have visited those outer planets.
Voyager 2 is a space probe launched by NASA on August 20, 1977 to study the outer planets. Part of the Voyager program, it was launched 16 days before its twin, Voyager 1, on a trajectory that took longer to reach Jupiter and Saturn but enabled further encounters with Uranus and Neptune. It is the only spacecraft to have ever visited either of the ice giants.
How science works
its primary mission ended with the exploration of the Neptunian system on October 2, 1989, after having visited the Uranian system in 1986, the Saturnian system in 1981, and the Jovian system in 1979. Voyager 2 is now in its extended mission to study the outer reaches of the Solar System and has been operating for 38 years, 2 months and 11 days. It remains in contact through the Deep Space Network.
science depends on interactions within the scientific community. Different parts of the process of science may be carried out by different people at different times and this mission has made space exploration history by becoming the first spacecraft from Earth to leave the solar system behind and enter interstellar space.
How science works
The "assist" is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. It was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Voyager 1 first detected the increased pressure of interstellar space on the heliosphere, the bubble of charged particles surrounding the sun that reaches far beyond the outer planets, in 2004. Scientists then ramped up their search for evidence of the spacecraft's interstellar arrival, knowing the data analysis and interpretation could take months or years. The science behind "The team’s hard work to build durable spacecraft and ...
Chandrayaan 2 | Facts You Should Know | India's Second Lunar MissionAlan Das Mannoosseril
Brief Presentation on the highlights of the mission.
Dept. of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics,
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technolgy, Shibpur (IIESTS), Kolkata
Chandrayan 2 Presentation- launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sr...KeralaOnline
Presenting Chandrayan 2 Power Point Presentation.All Details About Chandrayaan 2.Inages,Details of Chandrayan 2.Chandrayaan-2 launched from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, India, aboard a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) rocket on July 22, 2019 and reached lunar orbit on August.
This presentation gives details about the chandrayaan 2.Its launching process and parts in it.The whole proces of the chandrayaan 2 in reaching moon...and more details.
A tribute to ISRO and its vision, on the occasion of the successful launch of Chandrayaan-I.
I have tried to chronicle ISRO's journey from humble beginnings as the underfunded space program of an impoverished nation to one of the premier space research organisations of the world.
This particular presentation was created for school children, in order to inspire them to dream big and take pride in their nation's endeavours.
- Rahul M
Basic presentation and overview of India's most awaited mission chandrayaaan-2 carried out by Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) which includes the different modules used in the mission including the budget and other related stuffs.
A presentation file for Space shuttles & advancement for seminar purposes.
Information is collected from various websites including nasa.gov.in,wikipedia,space.com.
Space Debris - An Environmental Problem for Space MissionsPramod Devireddy
Space Debris Report
What is Space Debris? Why is Space Debris dangerous? Space Debris Events,
Threat to Space Missions, Measures taken for Cleaning Space Debris, ISRO – Space Debris.
Astronomy1013 WritingCPresented by Summary of th.docxikirkton
Astronomy 1013: Writing C
Presented by:
Summary of the video
The twin Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are exploring where nothing from Earth has flown before. Continuing on their more-than-37-year journey since their 1977 launches, they each are much farther away from Earth and the sun than Pluto. In August 2012, Voyager 1 made the historic entry into interstellar space, the region between stars, filled with material ejected by the death of nearby stars millions of years ago.
Scientists hope to learn more about this region when Voyager 2, in the “heliosheath" -- the outermost layer of the heliosphere where the solar wind is slowed by the pressure of interstellar medium -- also reaches interstellar space. Both spacecraft are still sending scientific information about their surroundings through the Deep Space Network, or DSN.
Summary of the video
The primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn. After making a string of discoveries there -- such as active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io and intricacies of Saturn's rings -- the mission was extended. Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune, and is still the only spacecraft to have visited those outer planets.
Voyager 2 is a space probe launched by NASA on August 20, 1977 to study the outer planets. Part of the Voyager program, it was launched 16 days before its twin, Voyager 1, on a trajectory that took longer to reach Jupiter and Saturn but enabled further encounters with Uranus and Neptune. It is the only spacecraft to have ever visited either of the ice giants.
How science works
its primary mission ended with the exploration of the Neptunian system on October 2, 1989, after having visited the Uranian system in 1986, the Saturnian system in 1981, and the Jovian system in 1979. Voyager 2 is now in its extended mission to study the outer reaches of the Solar System and has been operating for 38 years, 2 months and 11 days. It remains in contact through the Deep Space Network.
science depends on interactions within the scientific community. Different parts of the process of science may be carried out by different people at different times and this mission has made space exploration history by becoming the first spacecraft from Earth to leave the solar system behind and enter interstellar space.
How science works
The "assist" is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. It was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.
Voyager 1 first detected the increased pressure of interstellar space on the heliosphere, the bubble of charged particles surrounding the sun that reaches far beyond the outer planets, in 2004. Scientists then ramped up their search for evidence of the spacecraft's interstellar arrival, knowing the data analysis and interpretation could take months or years. The science behind "The team’s hard work to build durable spacecraft and ...
All of material inside is un-licence, kindly use it for educational only but please do not to commercialize it.
Based on 'ilman nafi'an, hopefully this file beneficially for you.
Thank you.
The twin Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are exploring where nothing from Earth has flown before. Continuing on their more-than-40-year journey since their 1977 launches, they each are much farther away from Earth and the sun than Pluto. In August 2012, Voyager 1 made the historic entry into interstellar space, the region between stars, filled with material ejected by the death of nearby stars millions of years ago. Voyager 2 entered interstellar space on November 5, 2018 and scientists hope to learn more about this region. Both spacecraft are still sending scientific information about their surroundings through the Deep Space Network, or DSN.
The primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn. After making a string of discoveries there — such as active volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io and intricacies of Saturn's rings — the mission was extended. Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune, and is still the only spacecraft to have visited those outer planets. The adventurers' current mission, the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM), will explore the outermost edge of the Sun's domain. And beyond.
Journey of Rosetta to comet 67P - Satellite CommunicationSaiChaitanya13
Rosetta is a robotic space probe built and launched by the European Space Agency which is performing a detailed study of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (67P) with both an orbiter and a lander module Philae.
This is a 2024 NASA Calendar . This has information such as Rear Admiral Evelyn Fields is the first woman and first African American to lead
the NOAA Commissioned Officer Corps, which is one of the nation’s eight uniformed
services. Fields began her career at NOAA as a cartographer in 1972, only two years
after the agency formed. Less than a year later, the NOAA Corps began accepting
women into its commissioned officer ranks, and she became the first African American
woman to join. Fields became a rear admiral and director of both NOAA Corps
and the Office of Marine and Aviation Operations in 1999. She is the first woman
to become a NOAA Corps rear admiral. Fields retired in late 2003. Photo credit:
NOAA/Military Officer Association of America and Dr. Eric Cornell is a co-principal investigator on NASA’s Cold Atom Lab and
a fellow at JILA, a joint institute between the National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado Boulder. His research
focuses on ultracold atoms and on precision metrology (the scientific study
of measurement) in the service of fundamental physics. Along with Dr. Carl
Wieman and Dr. Wolfgang Ketterle, he was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize for
the first experimental realization of a Bose-Einstein condensate—a fifth state of
matter first predicted in 1917. Today, the techniques that Cornell helped develop
for cooling atoms to ultracold temperatures are used in laboratories around the
world and on the International Space Station by the Cold Atom Lab. Photo credit:
University of Colorado Boulder
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptxRASHMI M G
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
BREEDING METHODS FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE.pptxRASHMI M G
Plant breeding for disease resistance is a strategy to reduce crop losses caused by disease. Plants have an innate immune system that allows them to recognize pathogens and provide resistance. However, breeding for long-lasting resistance often involves combining multiple resistance genes
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
2. THE BUDDING IDEA!
The Voyager Program was similar to the Planetary Grand Tour planned during the
late 1960s and early 70s.
Special alignment of outer planets discovered by Gary Flandro, an aerospace
engineer
This alignment, which occurs once every 175 years,would occur in the late 1970s
and make it possible to use gravitational assists to explore Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
Neptune, and Pluto.
3. SPACECRAFT DESIGN
The Voyager spacecraft weigh 773 kilograms. Of this, 105 kilograms are scientific
instruments.
The identical Voyager spacecraft use three-axis-stabilized guidance systems that use
gyroscopic and accelerometer inputs to their altitude control computers to point their
high-gain antennas towards the Earth.
The scan platform comprises: the Infrared Interferometer Spectrometer (IRIS) (largest
camera at top right); the Ultraviolet Spectrometer (UVS); the two Imaging Science
Subsystem (ISS) vidicon cameras to the left of the UVS; and the Photopolarimeter
System (PPS) under the ISS.
4. COMMUNICATIONS
The uplink communications are executed via S-band microwave communications.
The downlink communications are carried out by an X-band microwave
transmitter on board the spacecraft, with an S-band transmitter as a back-up.
All long-range communications to and from the two Voyagers have been carried
out using their 3.7-meter high-gain antennas.
Because of the inverse-square law in radio communications, the digital data rates
used in the downlinks from the Voyagers have been continually decreasing the
farther that they get from the Earth.
5. POWER
Electrical power is supplied by three radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs).
They are powered by plutonium-238 and provided approximately 470 W at 30 volts DC
when the spacecraft was launched.
Plutonium-238 decays with a half-life of 87.74 years,so RTGs using Pu-238 will lose a
factor of 1−0.5(1/87.74) = 0.79% of their power output per year.
By 7 October 2011 the power generated by Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 had dropped to
267.9 W and 269.2 W respectively, about 57% of the power at launch. As the electrical
power decreases, spacecraft loads must be turned off, eliminating some capabilities.
6. WHEN DIDTHEY LAUNCH?
From the NASA Kennedy Space Centre at Cape Canaveral, Florida
Voyager 2 was launched first, on August 20, 1977
Voyager 1 was launched on a faster, shorter trajectory on September 5, 1977.
7. WHATWASTHEIR MISSION?
The primary mission was the exploration of Jupiter and Saturn.
After making a string of discoveries there -- such as active volcanoes on Jupiter's
moon Io and intricacies of Saturn's rings -- the mission was extended.
Voyager 2 went on to explore Uranus and Neptune, and is still the only spacecraft
to have visited those outer planets.
8. WHAT ISTHEIR MISSION NOW?
The adventurers' current mission, the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM), will explore
the outermost edge of the Sun's domain. And beyond.
This extended mission is continuing to characterize the outer solar system
environment and search for the heliopause boundary, the outer limits of the Sun's
magnetic field and outward flow of the solar wind.
Penetration of the heliopause boundary between the solar wind and the interstellar
medium will allow measurements to be made of the interstellar fields, particles and
waves unaffected by the solar wind.
13. CASH ME OUSSIDE, HOW BOW DAH?
On 15 June 2012, scientists at NASA reported that Voyager 1 was very close to
entering interstellar space, indicated by a sharp rise in high-energy particles from
outside the Solar System.
In September 2013, NASA announced that Voyager 1 had crossed the heliopause
on August 25, 2012, making it the first spacecraft to enter interstellar space
14. THE SLOW DEATH!
As of 2017, after almost 40 years of launch of Voyager 1 and Voyager 2, they
continue to monitor conditions in the outer expanses of the Solar System.
The Voyager spacecraft are expected to be able to operate science instruments
through 2020, when limited power will require instruments to be deactivated one
by one.
Sometime around 2025, there will no longer be sufficient power to operate any
science instruments.
15. “MURMURS OF EARTH”
NASA placed a more ambitious message aboard Voyager 1 and 2-a
kind of time capsule, intended to communicate a story of our world to
extra-terrestrials.
The Voyager message is carried by a phonograph containing sounds
and images selected to portray the diversity of life and culture on
Earth.
To this they added musical selections from different cultures and eras,
and spoken greetings from Earth-people in fifty-five languages
including hindi and gujrati.
16. By the time you got to know about the Voyagers,
they have already moved about 20,000km further into
the deep space since the beginning of this
presentation and still going further………
Notas do Editor
This has been a major problem for NASA . So between 1982 and 1989 they made major changes to their deep space network to reduce the effects of inverse square law.