REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDIE OF MALE AND FEMALEpptx
REJUVENATION THROUGH PROGENY ORCHAD AND SCION BANK
1. INDRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, RAIPUR
SESSION 2022-2023
ASSIGNMENT ON
REJUVENATION THROUGH PROGENY ORCHAD AND SCION BANK
COURSE TITLE – PRINCIPLE AND METHOD OF CUTTING AND DIVISION
COURSE NO. – FSC-503
COURSE CODE – 3(2+1)
SUBMITTED TO
Dr. G.D. Sahu
Assistant Professor
Dept. Of Fruit Science
SUBMITTED BY
Swati Bramhe
M.Sc (previous)
Dept. of fruit science
2. REJUVENATION
Rejuvenation means restoring the productivity capacity
of the fruit includes removal of old twigs.Rejuvenation
restores the production potential of old, unproductivity
orchards by pruning of branches at different periodicity
and at different severities.
3. OBJECTIVE OF REJUVENTATION
Enhance The Productive Of Old Fruits Orchards.
Provide Quality Planting Material To Farmers At Reasonable To Increase
The Yield Per Capital.
Make Senile Orchards Productive And Juvenile.
Conservation Of Old Progeny Or Species.
4. WHY NEED OF REJUVENTION OF ORCHARD
1. GROWTH OF WILD SHRUBS AND GRASSES
Wild shrubs and grasses continue to grow without any check under the
tree and in between the row weed , insects, pests and diseases too.
2. OVERCROWDING AND UNSYSTEMATIC PLANTING
In some of the orchards no regular or systematic planting is followed.
The trees are also found to be planted so close that they form a dense
overhead canopy which does not allow sufficient lights to reach at
different parts of the fruit trees uniformly.
5. 3.INFERIOR VARIETIES
I. The poor selection of planting material at the time of planting will
causes a great loss throughout the life of the orchard In most of the
orchards trees have raised from seeds and of the inferior varieties.
II. Seeding of poor varieties are potentially poor and their performance
is subjected to a wide range of variation so that even if they grow
and function normally.
6. PRACTICES FOR REJUVENTATION
The First Step From this Malady Have Also Been Explained
Side By Side.
Causes Which Led To The Tree In Poor State.
Efforts Should Then Be Made To Rectify The Deflects
Practices To Be-
7. 1. SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
It Is Very Important That Soil Should Intelligently Managed So That It
May Be Maintained In A Condition For Meeting The Needs Of The Trees
Without Undue Expenses.
There Should Be Proper Vigilance Regarding The Physical Condition Of
The Soil And Also About Moisture And Nutrient Contents.
Hese Depend Largely On The Practices Of Cultivation , Irrigation ,
Drainage ,Manuring Etc.
Conservation Practices Should Los Be Followed To Maintain The
Topography Of The Soil.
8. 2. CONTROL OF DISEASES AND PARASITES
Unhealthy or diseased limbs should be cut off and parts are
suitable disposed.
Regular spraying of the orchards trees with insecticides and
fungicides must form a routine.
3. PRUNING
Old bearing trees that’s have their middle age have become some
what low in vigour due to constant cropping or neglects,should be
pruned heavily .
Some trees respond better to a heavies pruning because of their
reduced vigour.
9. 4. ADVENTITIOUS METHOD OF FEEDING
Old trees with weak growth can be invigorated by infusing the
sap of younger seedings them several seedings are grown
close to the trunk of the trees.
When they attain an age of two or three years they are
headed back to the heights of 2’ to 3 ‘ from the ground.
This could be practiced in mango , citrus, apple and in many
others fruit plants.
This method may also be followed when the collar region has
been damaged.
10. 5. WIND BREAKS AND FENCING
Wind breaks are necessary for reducing the force and advance
effects of winds.
The most effective are the double rows of tall trees
alternatively placed.
11. TOP WORKING
It Is Technique Or Method Of Rejuvenation Where In The Objective Is
To Upgrade Seedling Plantations Of Inferior Varieties With Superior
Commercial Cultivars Or Hybrid Suitable For Domestic Or Export
Market Or The Desired Variety Of The Grower.
The Technique Involves Grafting With Procured Scion Of Desired Variety
On Shoots Emerged On Pruned Branches By Adopting Softwood
Grafting During Monsoon Season [Season Of Top Working Slightly
Varies From Species As It Also Depends On Availability Of Good Shoot
And Scion].
Example- Ber, Mango, Aonla, Sapota,Cashewnut
14. ADVANTAGES:-
1. Increase The Tree Productivity/Orchard Productivity.
2. Conservation On Old And Senile Orchard Into Productive
Orchard.
3. Top Worked Tree Are Vigorous In Growth, Because Of Well
Established Root System.
4. Increasing The Fruit Set Of Orchard By Grafting Few Shoots
With Pollinizer Varieties.
15. 5. Overcrowded trees should be thinned to proper distance
6. However, it is not useful to see many trees missing, in
those cases gaps should be filled by trees of superior
varieties .
7. Sometimes certain varieties citrus which have been
propagated vegetatively for many generations become
somewhat lacking in vigour.
16. DISADVANTAGES:-
1. Chances Of Death Of Plant If Not Done Properly Or On
Severe Pruning.
2. Chances Of Pest And Disease.
3. Need Skilled Labour For Thinning Of Shoots, Removal Of
Side Shoots.
4. Need Good Management Post Pruning Period.
17. PROGENY ORCHRD
Orchard maintained by nurserymen mainly for maintaining the superior
types of fruits trees with all the purpose of propagation.
The plants maintained in these orchards are known as mother plants.
The disadvantages of this orchard are difficulty involved in the
management of fruit crops which differ in their cultural
reuirements,spacing,fertilizer and water the whole of the orchards may
not come to harvest at one time and it may be difficult to meet the
cultural need of different varieties.
18. SCION BANK
The block of the mother plants planted with a close spacing called scion exclusively used
for supply of scion for plants multiplication.
The scion banks can be raised for woody perennials like mango,sapota,tamarind,guava
pomegranate etc. The main features of scion banks are as under.
The high population facilitates better utilization of applied water and nutrients which help
in maintenance of higher vigour in shoots.
Pests/diseases management in more effective as the plants are small.
It facilitates continuous availability of scion / bud sticks.in fact the availability may get
enhanced naturally due to pruning effects which is due to periodical removal of bud sticks /
scions for soft wood grafting or for making cuttings even out of season.
Due to absence of commercial cropping the vigour would be higher.
Juvenile physiological conditions prevail in shoots due to frequent pruning or heading back
which enhance ‘grafts take ‘ or root initiation in cuttings.
Multiple varieties can be planted in the scion bank.
