Earlier for variable speed application conventional motors were used, but
these motors have poor characteristics. These drawbacks were overcome by
brushless Dc motor drive. Now days in most of the applications such as
industrial, domestic, aerospace, defense, medical and traction etc, brushless
DC motor (BLDCM) is popular for its high efficiency, high torque to weight
ratio, small size, and high reliability, ease of control and low maintenance
etc. BLDC motor is a electronic commutator driven drive i.e. it uses a threephase
voltage source inverter for its operation, electronic devices means there
is a problem of poor power quality, more torque ripple and speed
fluctuations. This paper deals with the CUK converter two leg inverter fed
BLDCM drive in closed loop operation. The proposed control strategy on
CUK converter two leg inverter fed BLDCM drive with split DC source is
modeled and implemented using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed method
improves the efficiency of the drive system with Power factor correction
feature in wide range of the speed control, less torque ripple and smooth
speed control.
Interleaved Boost Converter Fed with PV for Induction Motor/Agricultural Appl...IAES-IJPEDS
In present Electricity market Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are gaining much importance. The most common Renewable Energy Sources are Photo voltaic (PV), fuel cell (FC) and wind energy systems, out of these three PV systems PV system can implemented in most of the locations. Due to the power cuts and power disturbances in Distribution systems agriculture application is concentrated on PV based Energy system. The use of PV system is increasing day by day in agriculture application, due to their ease of control and flexibility. PV Electrification schemes also involves various subsidies in government national and international donors. Especially in Agriculture field by use of PV one can achieve higher subsidy. The output of PV system is low voltage DC to have high efficiency. The motors used in agriculture field are Induction Motors (IM) fed from Three phase AC supply, to boost the PV output we need a high voltage gain boost converter along with PWM inverter to Induction motor drive. Out of various DC-DC converter configurations interleaved boost converter is gaining much attention, due to its reduction in size and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). In this work we are proposing a PV fed interleaved boost converter with PWM inverter for agriculture applications. The design process of interleaved boost converter is explain detail and compared with existing boost converter. A 10 KW Power rating is choosing for the Induction motor drive and design calculations are carried out. A MATLAB/SIMULINK based model is developed for boost and interleaved boost converter and simulation results are presented, finally a scaled down hardware circuit design for interleaved boost converter and results are presented.
The voltage source inverters (VSI) are ever required section in the AC motor drive and power system interface. The electrical drive segment, the VSI based drives are unavoidable and they are closely operated with induction motor, permanent magnate synchronous motor and BLDC motor. These drives are normally needed high torque-power characters. Hence, the input DC-link side voltage is increased with help of increasing input AC in the rectifier input. However, this causes the power quality disturbance in the AC main and DC-link. In order to go for a increasing the AC voltage, the rectifier out is connected with DC to DC boost converter and they are increasing the DC voltage to meet out the drive DC-link voltage demand. With this aim, the paper proposes the idea to connect high step non-isolated high gain coupled DC to DC converter with three phase VSI for drives applications. The proposed converter has an ability to increase the voltage five times and the counter winding arrangement ratio of the converter is help for the further increase of gain. Inn this interface the front end DC to DC converters inductors are charged by making the short circuit with inverter switching. The converter voltage gain is controlled by shoot through of the VSI switch (converter gain directly proportional to inverter shoot through). The proposed converter has a higher degree of freedom in their values of winding and output voltage. Hence, the DC-link voltage of the inverter can be extended in any level. The operation principle and modes of the proposed DC to DC Source tied VSI is analyzed and simulated using MATLAB-Simulink software simulation. The laboratory based small scale power circuit is developed with help of control algorithm. The entire implementation is done through PIC microcontroller platform. The deign Investigation, system simulation and experimentation confirming the proposed DC to DC converter tied VSI drive system.
IRJET- Design of Power Factor Correction Controller using Buck-Boost Converte...IRJET Journal
This document describes a power factor correction controller circuit designed for a wireless charging system for electric vehicles. The controller uses a buck-boost converter topology to maintain a power factor close to unity. It operates in continuous conduction mode using a proportional-integral current controller. The goal is to efficiently charge the vehicle battery while minimizing grid interference through power factor correction. The system is modeled in MATLAB Simulink to analyze the closed-loop control operation of the designed power factor correction controller for wireless electric vehicle charging.
IRJET- Improved Power Quality Switched Inductor Cuk Converter for Battery Cha...IRJET Journal
This document presents a switched inductor Cuk converter for improving power quality in battery charging applications for electric vehicles. The converter provides high step-down gain, low current stress, high efficiency and reduced component counts. It allows for unity power factor and low total harmonic distortion at the supply side. Simulation results show the converter can charge a battery at a constant current to increase its state of charge over time, and at a constant voltage once fully charged. The converter performance is evaluated under steady state and dynamic load conditions to verify it meets power quality standards for applications such as electric vehicle battery charging.
An Internal Current Controlled BLDC Motor Drive Supplied with PV Fed High Vol...IJECEIAES
The paper presents an efficient speed control of brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive for photo-voltaic (PV) system fed system. A high-gain DC-DC converter is employed in the system to boost the PV system low output voltage to a level required for the drive system. High-gain DC-DC converter is operated in closed-loop mode to attain accurate and steady output. The converter (VSI) for BLDC is switched at fundamental frequency and thus reducing high frequency switching losses. Internal current control method is developed and employed for the speed control of PV fed BLDC motor. The appropriateness of the internal current controller for the speed control of PV fed BLDC motor is verified for increamental speed with fixed torque and decreamental speed with fixed torque operating conditions. The system is developed and results are developed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
This paper presents the design and the implementation of a new microcontroller-based solar
Power inverter. The aim of this paper is to design single phase inverter which can convert DC voltage
to AC voltage at high efficiency and low cost. Solar and wind powered electricity generation are
being favored nowadays as the world increasingly focuses on environmental concerns. Power
inverters, which convert solar-cell DC into domestic-use AC, are one of the key technologies for
delivering efficient AC power The hardware and software design are oriented towards a single-chip
microcontroller-based system, hence minimizing the size and cost. With this new approach the
modularization of the conversion from solar power to electric power at its maximum power point can
be made more compact and more reliable.
Improvement of Power Quality using Fuzzy Logic Controller in Grid Connected P...IAES-IJPEDS
In this paper, the design of combined operation of UPQC and PV-ARRAY is designed. The proposed system is composed of series and shunt inverters connected back to back by a dc-link to which pv-array is connected. This system is able to compensate voltage and current related problems both in inter-connected mode and islanding mode by injecting active power to grid. The fundamental aspect is that the power electronic devices (PE) and sensitive equipments (SE) are normally designed to work in non-polluted power system, so they would suffer from malfunctions when supply voltage is not pure sinusoidal. Thus this proposed operating strategy with flexible operation mode improves the power quality of the grid system combining photovoltaic array with a control of unified power quality conditioner. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is used in both three phase four leg inverters. A Proportional Integral (PI) and Fuzzy Logic Controllers are used for power quality improvement by reducing the distortions in the output power. The simulated results were compared among the two controller’s strategies With pi controller and fuzzy logic controller
Grid connected pv system using 9 level flying capacitor multilevel inverterIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a 9-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter to integrate a photovoltaic system into a power grid. A 9-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter can reduce harmonics and total harmonic distortion compared to conventional inverters. The system was simulated in Matlab/Simulink and includes a PV array, boost converter to increase the voltage, and the 9-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter connected to the grid. Key advantages of multilevel inverters are their ability to handle high power applications with reduced switching losses and lower output distortion.
Interleaved Boost Converter Fed with PV for Induction Motor/Agricultural Appl...IAES-IJPEDS
In present Electricity market Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are gaining much importance. The most common Renewable Energy Sources are Photo voltaic (PV), fuel cell (FC) and wind energy systems, out of these three PV systems PV system can implemented in most of the locations. Due to the power cuts and power disturbances in Distribution systems agriculture application is concentrated on PV based Energy system. The use of PV system is increasing day by day in agriculture application, due to their ease of control and flexibility. PV Electrification schemes also involves various subsidies in government national and international donors. Especially in Agriculture field by use of PV one can achieve higher subsidy. The output of PV system is low voltage DC to have high efficiency. The motors used in agriculture field are Induction Motors (IM) fed from Three phase AC supply, to boost the PV output we need a high voltage gain boost converter along with PWM inverter to Induction motor drive. Out of various DC-DC converter configurations interleaved boost converter is gaining much attention, due to its reduction in size and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). In this work we are proposing a PV fed interleaved boost converter with PWM inverter for agriculture applications. The design process of interleaved boost converter is explain detail and compared with existing boost converter. A 10 KW Power rating is choosing for the Induction motor drive and design calculations are carried out. A MATLAB/SIMULINK based model is developed for boost and interleaved boost converter and simulation results are presented, finally a scaled down hardware circuit design for interleaved boost converter and results are presented.
The voltage source inverters (VSI) are ever required section in the AC motor drive and power system interface. The electrical drive segment, the VSI based drives are unavoidable and they are closely operated with induction motor, permanent magnate synchronous motor and BLDC motor. These drives are normally needed high torque-power characters. Hence, the input DC-link side voltage is increased with help of increasing input AC in the rectifier input. However, this causes the power quality disturbance in the AC main and DC-link. In order to go for a increasing the AC voltage, the rectifier out is connected with DC to DC boost converter and they are increasing the DC voltage to meet out the drive DC-link voltage demand. With this aim, the paper proposes the idea to connect high step non-isolated high gain coupled DC to DC converter with three phase VSI for drives applications. The proposed converter has an ability to increase the voltage five times and the counter winding arrangement ratio of the converter is help for the further increase of gain. Inn this interface the front end DC to DC converters inductors are charged by making the short circuit with inverter switching. The converter voltage gain is controlled by shoot through of the VSI switch (converter gain directly proportional to inverter shoot through). The proposed converter has a higher degree of freedom in their values of winding and output voltage. Hence, the DC-link voltage of the inverter can be extended in any level. The operation principle and modes of the proposed DC to DC Source tied VSI is analyzed and simulated using MATLAB-Simulink software simulation. The laboratory based small scale power circuit is developed with help of control algorithm. The entire implementation is done through PIC microcontroller platform. The deign Investigation, system simulation and experimentation confirming the proposed DC to DC converter tied VSI drive system.
IRJET- Design of Power Factor Correction Controller using Buck-Boost Converte...IRJET Journal
This document describes a power factor correction controller circuit designed for a wireless charging system for electric vehicles. The controller uses a buck-boost converter topology to maintain a power factor close to unity. It operates in continuous conduction mode using a proportional-integral current controller. The goal is to efficiently charge the vehicle battery while minimizing grid interference through power factor correction. The system is modeled in MATLAB Simulink to analyze the closed-loop control operation of the designed power factor correction controller for wireless electric vehicle charging.
IRJET- Improved Power Quality Switched Inductor Cuk Converter for Battery Cha...IRJET Journal
This document presents a switched inductor Cuk converter for improving power quality in battery charging applications for electric vehicles. The converter provides high step-down gain, low current stress, high efficiency and reduced component counts. It allows for unity power factor and low total harmonic distortion at the supply side. Simulation results show the converter can charge a battery at a constant current to increase its state of charge over time, and at a constant voltage once fully charged. The converter performance is evaluated under steady state and dynamic load conditions to verify it meets power quality standards for applications such as electric vehicle battery charging.
An Internal Current Controlled BLDC Motor Drive Supplied with PV Fed High Vol...IJECEIAES
The paper presents an efficient speed control of brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive for photo-voltaic (PV) system fed system. A high-gain DC-DC converter is employed in the system to boost the PV system low output voltage to a level required for the drive system. High-gain DC-DC converter is operated in closed-loop mode to attain accurate and steady output. The converter (VSI) for BLDC is switched at fundamental frequency and thus reducing high frequency switching losses. Internal current control method is developed and employed for the speed control of PV fed BLDC motor. The appropriateness of the internal current controller for the speed control of PV fed BLDC motor is verified for increamental speed with fixed torque and decreamental speed with fixed torque operating conditions. The system is developed and results are developed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
This paper presents the design and the implementation of a new microcontroller-based solar
Power inverter. The aim of this paper is to design single phase inverter which can convert DC voltage
to AC voltage at high efficiency and low cost. Solar and wind powered electricity generation are
being favored nowadays as the world increasingly focuses on environmental concerns. Power
inverters, which convert solar-cell DC into domestic-use AC, are one of the key technologies for
delivering efficient AC power The hardware and software design are oriented towards a single-chip
microcontroller-based system, hence minimizing the size and cost. With this new approach the
modularization of the conversion from solar power to electric power at its maximum power point can
be made more compact and more reliable.
Improvement of Power Quality using Fuzzy Logic Controller in Grid Connected P...IAES-IJPEDS
In this paper, the design of combined operation of UPQC and PV-ARRAY is designed. The proposed system is composed of series and shunt inverters connected back to back by a dc-link to which pv-array is connected. This system is able to compensate voltage and current related problems both in inter-connected mode and islanding mode by injecting active power to grid. The fundamental aspect is that the power electronic devices (PE) and sensitive equipments (SE) are normally designed to work in non-polluted power system, so they would suffer from malfunctions when supply voltage is not pure sinusoidal. Thus this proposed operating strategy with flexible operation mode improves the power quality of the grid system combining photovoltaic array with a control of unified power quality conditioner. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is used in both three phase four leg inverters. A Proportional Integral (PI) and Fuzzy Logic Controllers are used for power quality improvement by reducing the distortions in the output power. The simulated results were compared among the two controller’s strategies With pi controller and fuzzy logic controller
Grid connected pv system using 9 level flying capacitor multilevel inverterIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a 9-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter to integrate a photovoltaic system into a power grid. A 9-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter can reduce harmonics and total harmonic distortion compared to conventional inverters. The system was simulated in Matlab/Simulink and includes a PV array, boost converter to increase the voltage, and the 9-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter connected to the grid. Key advantages of multilevel inverters are their ability to handle high power applications with reduced switching losses and lower output distortion.
6.[36 45]seven level modified cascaded inverter for induction motor drive app...Alexander Decker
1) The document presents a modified cascaded multilevel inverter topology for induction motor drive applications that reduces the number of switches compared to conventional designs.
2) The proposed topology uses 7 switches and 3 diodes to generate 7 voltage levels, whereas conventional designs require 12 switches. This reduces switching losses, cost, and complexity.
3) Simulation and experimental results show the proposed design can generate 7 voltage levels to drive an induction motor. FFT analysis shows lower total harmonic distortion compared to conventional designs.
This paper explained details of Comparison of solar based closed loop DC -DC converter using PID and ANN Control for Shunt motor drive. Solar panel output is given to full bridge converter, stepup transformer, full wave converter, ∏ filter and Shunt motor drive are connected.Comparator compare the set value and the output signal of the motor produce a signal, based on the signal, full wave conveter produce the voltage to run the motor, Speed of motor,Torque and Armature current,Rise time,Peak time, Settling time and Steady state error are measured and evaluated by experimental.A circuit operation and simulation designed for a 1000 RPM speed of shunt motor arrived and tested.
Fixed Output DC to DC Converter for Photovoltaic Systemijtsrd
In This Paper, The Variable Input Voltage And Fixed Output Voltage DC To DC Converter For Photovoltaic System PV System Is Designed, Simulated And Constructed. There Are Three Main Portions In The Proposed System. They Are Solar Power Sensing System, The Controlling System And DC To DC Converter. In The Solar Power Sensing System, NPN Transistors 2SC 945 Are Used For Voltage Sensor And Logic Converter. In The Controlling System, PIC 16F876A Is Used To Determine The Solar Power Level And Control The DC To DC Converter. It Also Reads The Input And Output Voltage Values Of The DC To DC Converter Using Its Analog To Digital Converter A D Converter And Shows This Value On The Four Seven Segments Light Emitting Diodes Leds . The Developed Program For PIC 16F876A Is Tested With Proteus Simulation Software. In The DC To DC Converter, TL 494 Switch mode Pulse Width Modulation Control Circuit Is Used To Control The Power MOSFET Which Drives The Ferrite Core Transformer High Frequency Transformer Or Power Transformer . Dr. Thida Aung "Fixed Output DC to DC Converter for Photovoltaic System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27988.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/27988/fixed-output-dc-to-dc-converter-for-photovoltaic-system/dr-thida-aung
NON-ISOLATED SOFT SWITCHING DC-DC CONVERTER AND LOAD AT FULL RANGE OF ZVS IAEME Publication
A non isolated soft switching DC–DC converter and load at full range of zero-voltage
switching (ZVS) characteristic is proposed. The proposed converter consists of an auxiliary circuit,
an inductor, two switches, and 2 diodes to achieving high efficiency at full range of load. At low
and heavy loads, ZVS of switching device is achieved by energy storing component. The inductor
energy stored varies with load and hence results in minimizes conduction loss. This leads to
switching of device for full range of load. The proposed DC - DC converter achieves high
efficiency as switching loss is reduced due to soft switching and ZVS operation which severe to
reduce conduction loss. The efficiency is improved about 4% in boost mode (2.5% in buck mode) at
full range of load. To verify the performance of the proposed converter, experimental results
prototype are presented.
Photovoltaic System with SEPIC Converter Controlled by the Fuzzy LogicIAES-IJPEDS
In this work, a fuzzy logic controller is used to control the output voltage of a
photovoltaic system with a DC-DC converter; type Single Ended Primary
Inductor Converter (SEPIC). The system is designed for 210 W solar
photovoltaic (SCHOTT 210) panel and to feed an average demand of 78 W.
This system includes solar panels, SEPIC converter and fuzzy logic
controller. The SEPIC converter provides a constant DC bus voltage and its
duty cycle controlled by the fuzzy logic controller which is needed to
improve PV panel’s utilization efficiency. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is
also used to generate the PWM signal for the SEPIC converter.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is substantial power conditioner in power system to filter the power system parameters with an objective to improve the quality of power delivered to the customers/utility point. This paper presents a multi-level UPQC to enhance the quality in power distribution system. The series and shunt controllers of UPQC gives out five leveled output which is further filtered to feed compensating signals to improve voltage and current profiles in power distribution system. Series and shunt controllers of UPQC are structured with cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology to deliver compensating signals. Two separate control strategies are employed to regulate the power switches of 5-level CHB series and shunt controllers of UPQC. Sag and swell in source voltage and harmonics in source current are strained with UPQC. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
This document provides an overview of trends in power electronics. It discusses how power electronics is used for efficient power conversion and control through semiconductor devices. It also outlines several applications of power electronics such as motor drives, lighting, power supplies and renewable energy systems. The document mentions some professional organizations and conferences related to power electronics as well as major companies in the field.
IRJET- Generalized UPQC System with an Improved Control Method under Distorte...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses a generalized unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) system with an improved control method to address power quality issues like voltage sags, swells, harmonics, and poor power factor under distorted and unbalanced load conditions.
2) A UPQC consists of shunt and series active power filters connected back-to-back via a DC link to compensate for both current and voltage issues. The control method aims to improve harmonics, reactive power compensation, and power factor correction.
3) The paper presents the design, simulation, and analysis of a UPQC using MATLAB/Simulink to address different power quality problems and supply balanced and regulated voltage under various load conditions.
IRJET- Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter with High Voltage Gain and Effic...IRJET Journal
The document describes an interleaved boost converter design for solar energy systems that achieves high voltage gain and efficiency. The interleaved topology minimizes ripple current and losses by operating switches out of phase. It utilizes a coupled inductor and voltage multiplier circuit to boost a 12V input to 100V output. Maximum power point tracking with fuzzy logic is used to optimize solar energy extraction. Simulation results show the converter can achieve its design goals of high output voltage and fast battery charging performance compared to conventional boost converters.
Design & Implementation of Controller Based Buck-Boost Converter for Small Wi...iosrjce
This paper propose to design a controller based buck boost converter for the effective utilization of
the wind machine. By implementing a controller based Buck-Boost converter, the voltage produced at the lower
wind speeds can also be utilized effectively by boosting it to the rated charging voltage of the battery. Also if the
wind speed is high, the DC output voltage will increase then the converter bucks this high voltage to the
nominal battery charging voltage (48V), thereby protecting the battery from over charging voltage. Thus the
effective utilization of the wind machine has been achieved by the use of the proposed controller based buck
boost converter.
A comparative study of cascaded h bridge and reversing voltage multilevel inv...IAEME Publication
This document compares a cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter topology to a proposed reversing voltage multilevel inverter topology. The cascaded H-bridge requires more components as the number of levels increases, making it less reliable. The proposed reversing voltage topology separates output voltage generation into level generation and polarity generation parts, requiring fewer switches. Specifically, a 7-level example of each topology is compared in terms of total harmonic distortion and number of components. The proposed topology is shown to require fewer components and produce lower THD than the cascaded H-bridge topology.
This paper proposes a new voltage frequency converter (VFC) that converts both voltage and frequency to the required level of voltage and frequency in low voltage networks used in various countries. The proposed converter could be used as a universal power supply for sensitive AC loads. The converter is composed of, input voltage and frequency detection circuitry, full bridge boost rectifier and a DC to AC inverter. In addition, to improve the feasibility and performance of the converter, synchronous reference based PI (SRFPI) controller is adopted, where the system behaves similar to a DC-DC converter. The parameter selection of PI controller is done using a recent optimisation technique called Lightning Search Algorithm (LSA). The simulation of VFC is conducted in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The simulation results shows that LSA based PI controller provides better output voltage regulation with respect to the reference value under various load and input conditions.
This document compares buck and boost converter topologies for use in photovoltaic power systems to maximize power extraction from solar panels. It finds that the boost converter is better suited as the PV interface as it can maintain continuous input current flow to the load. Simulation results show that a boost converter tracking the maximum power point of a PV array can increase the output voltage from 17.1V to 24.9V and deliver 60W of power to the load. The boost converter also performs well under varying temperature and solar irradiation conditions according to the simulations.
This paper presents a novel shunt active power filter (SAPF). The power converter that is used in this SAPF is constructed from a four-leg asymmetric multi-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter that is fed from a photovoltaic source. A three-dimensional space vector modulation (3D-SVPWM) technique is adopted in this work. The multi-level inverter can generate 27-level output with harmonic content is almost zero. In addition to the capability to inject reactive power and mitigating the harmonics, the proposed SAPF has also, the ability to inject real power as it is fed from a PV source. Moreover, it has a fault-tolerant capability that makes the SAPF maintaining its operation under a loss of one leg of the multi-level inverter due to an open-circuit fault without any degradation in the performance. The proposed SAPF is designed and simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK using a single nonlinear load and the results have shown a significant reduction in total harmonics distortion (THD) of the source current under the normal operating condition and post a failure in one phase of the SAPF. Also, similar results are obtained when IEEE 15 bus network is used.
IEEE POWER ELECTRONICS PROJECT TITLE 2015-16Spiro Vellore
This document lists 50 power electronics projects from 2014-2015 related to various applications including motor drives, power quality improvement, renewable energy systems, and electrical vehicles. The projects are categorized into areas such as AC to DC converters, DC to DC converters, DC to AC converters, motor applications, electrical vehicle applications, power systems, and power quality improvement. Each project listing includes a code, title, brief description, and application year.
Comparison of upqc and dvr in wind turbine fed fsig under asymmetric faultselelijjournal
This paper presents the mitigation of faults in wind turbine connected fixed speed induction generator using unified power quality conditioner and static compensator. The UPQC consists of shunt and series converters connected back-to-back through a dc-to-dc step up converter. The presence of the dc-to-dc step converter permits the UPQC to compensate faults for long duration. The series converter is connected to the supply side whereas the shunt converter is connected to the load side. The control system of the proposed UPQC is based on Id-Iq theory. The DVR consists of shunt and series converters connected back-to-back through a dc-to-dc step up converter. The presence of the dc-to-dc step converter permits the DVR to compensate faults for long duration. The series converter is connected to the supply side whereas the shunt converter is connected to the load side. The control system of the proposed DVR is based on
hysteresis voltage controlThe proposed wind turbine fed fixed speed induction generator is evaluated and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment with UPQC and DVR under asymmetric faults
MPPT oscillations minimization in PV system by controlling non-linear dynamic...IJECEIAES
Solar PV power generation has achieved rapid growth in developing countries which has many merits such as absence of noise, longer life, no pollution, less time for installation, and ease of grid interface. A maximum power point tracking circuit (MPPT) consists of DC-DC power electronics converters that are used to improve the energy attainment from solar PV array. This paper presents a detailed analysis to control of chaos, a non-linear dynamic in SEPIC DC-DC converter interfaced solar PV system, to minimize the oscillations near to MPP. In SEPIC DC-DC converter, the input inductor current is continuous and capable of sweeping the whole I-V curve of a PV module from open circuit voltage (V oc ) to short circuit current (I sc ) operating points. To trace the true maximum power point and to nullify the oscillations near to MPP, the yield output voltage needs to ensure period-1 operation.
A Battery-less Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power generation using Five-Level ...IAES-IJPEDS
Renewable power generation using photovoltaic is very interesting to be developed to deal with the problems of conventional energy sources and environmental issues. The photovoltaic power generation can operate both in stand-alone and grid-connected operations. This paper presents an application of the single-phase five-level common-emitter current-source inverter (CE-CSI) for grid connected photovoltaic system without batteries as energy storage system. In the proposed system, the five-level CE-CSI works generating a sinusoidal output current from photovoltaic system to be injected directly into the power grid. The transformer is used in the system to step-down the grid voltage to meet the voltage level of the photovoltaic system, and also works as a galvanic insulation between the power grid and the inverter system. Two conditions of the power grid voltage, i.e. a pure sinusoidal and a distorted power grid, are tested through computer simulation using PSIM software. Furthermore, experimental test result of the five-level inverter is also presented. The test results show that the five-level CE-CSI works well injecting a sinusoidal current into the power grid with low harmonic contents, and with unity power factor operation. The results also show that the distorted grid voltage affects the harmonic contents of the current injected by the inverter.
Alternating current (AC) electrical drives mainly require smaller current (or torque) ripples and lower total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltage for excellent drive performances. Normally, in practice, to achieve these requirements, the inverter needs to be operated at high switching frequency. By operating at high switching frequency, the size of filter can be reduced. However, the inverter which oftenly employs insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) for high power applications cannot be operated at high switching frequency. This is because, the IGBT switching frequency cannot be operated above 50 kHz due to its thermal restrictions. This paper proposes an alternate switching strategy to enable the use of IGBT for operating the inverter at high switching frequency to improve THD performances. In this strategy, each IGBT in a group of switches in the modified inverter circuit will operate the switching frequency at one-fourth of the inverter switching frequency. The alternate switching is implemented using simple analog and digital integrated circuits.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
1) The document describes a system for controlling the speed of a CUK converter-fed BLDC motor using a PI controller.
2) A CUK converter is used to provide power to the BLDC motor and PI control is applied to regulate the output voltage of the CUK converter in order to control the motor speed.
3) Simulation results show that the proposed PI controller is able to effectively control the motor speed while maintaining low current ripple and reducing torque ripples.
6.[36 45]seven level modified cascaded inverter for induction motor drive app...Alexander Decker
1) The document presents a modified cascaded multilevel inverter topology for induction motor drive applications that reduces the number of switches compared to conventional designs.
2) The proposed topology uses 7 switches and 3 diodes to generate 7 voltage levels, whereas conventional designs require 12 switches. This reduces switching losses, cost, and complexity.
3) Simulation and experimental results show the proposed design can generate 7 voltage levels to drive an induction motor. FFT analysis shows lower total harmonic distortion compared to conventional designs.
This paper explained details of Comparison of solar based closed loop DC -DC converter using PID and ANN Control for Shunt motor drive. Solar panel output is given to full bridge converter, stepup transformer, full wave converter, ∏ filter and Shunt motor drive are connected.Comparator compare the set value and the output signal of the motor produce a signal, based on the signal, full wave conveter produce the voltage to run the motor, Speed of motor,Torque and Armature current,Rise time,Peak time, Settling time and Steady state error are measured and evaluated by experimental.A circuit operation and simulation designed for a 1000 RPM speed of shunt motor arrived and tested.
Fixed Output DC to DC Converter for Photovoltaic Systemijtsrd
In This Paper, The Variable Input Voltage And Fixed Output Voltage DC To DC Converter For Photovoltaic System PV System Is Designed, Simulated And Constructed. There Are Three Main Portions In The Proposed System. They Are Solar Power Sensing System, The Controlling System And DC To DC Converter. In The Solar Power Sensing System, NPN Transistors 2SC 945 Are Used For Voltage Sensor And Logic Converter. In The Controlling System, PIC 16F876A Is Used To Determine The Solar Power Level And Control The DC To DC Converter. It Also Reads The Input And Output Voltage Values Of The DC To DC Converter Using Its Analog To Digital Converter A D Converter And Shows This Value On The Four Seven Segments Light Emitting Diodes Leds . The Developed Program For PIC 16F876A Is Tested With Proteus Simulation Software. In The DC To DC Converter, TL 494 Switch mode Pulse Width Modulation Control Circuit Is Used To Control The Power MOSFET Which Drives The Ferrite Core Transformer High Frequency Transformer Or Power Transformer . Dr. Thida Aung "Fixed Output DC to DC Converter for Photovoltaic System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27988.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/27988/fixed-output-dc-to-dc-converter-for-photovoltaic-system/dr-thida-aung
NON-ISOLATED SOFT SWITCHING DC-DC CONVERTER AND LOAD AT FULL RANGE OF ZVS IAEME Publication
A non isolated soft switching DC–DC converter and load at full range of zero-voltage
switching (ZVS) characteristic is proposed. The proposed converter consists of an auxiliary circuit,
an inductor, two switches, and 2 diodes to achieving high efficiency at full range of load. At low
and heavy loads, ZVS of switching device is achieved by energy storing component. The inductor
energy stored varies with load and hence results in minimizes conduction loss. This leads to
switching of device for full range of load. The proposed DC - DC converter achieves high
efficiency as switching loss is reduced due to soft switching and ZVS operation which severe to
reduce conduction loss. The efficiency is improved about 4% in boost mode (2.5% in buck mode) at
full range of load. To verify the performance of the proposed converter, experimental results
prototype are presented.
Photovoltaic System with SEPIC Converter Controlled by the Fuzzy LogicIAES-IJPEDS
In this work, a fuzzy logic controller is used to control the output voltage of a
photovoltaic system with a DC-DC converter; type Single Ended Primary
Inductor Converter (SEPIC). The system is designed for 210 W solar
photovoltaic (SCHOTT 210) panel and to feed an average demand of 78 W.
This system includes solar panels, SEPIC converter and fuzzy logic
controller. The SEPIC converter provides a constant DC bus voltage and its
duty cycle controlled by the fuzzy logic controller which is needed to
improve PV panel’s utilization efficiency. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is
also used to generate the PWM signal for the SEPIC converter.
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) is substantial power conditioner in power system to filter the power system parameters with an objective to improve the quality of power delivered to the customers/utility point. This paper presents a multi-level UPQC to enhance the quality in power distribution system. The series and shunt controllers of UPQC gives out five leveled output which is further filtered to feed compensating signals to improve voltage and current profiles in power distribution system. Series and shunt controllers of UPQC are structured with cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) topology to deliver compensating signals. Two separate control strategies are employed to regulate the power switches of 5-level CHB series and shunt controllers of UPQC. Sag and swell in source voltage and harmonics in source current are strained with UPQC. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software.
This document provides an overview of trends in power electronics. It discusses how power electronics is used for efficient power conversion and control through semiconductor devices. It also outlines several applications of power electronics such as motor drives, lighting, power supplies and renewable energy systems. The document mentions some professional organizations and conferences related to power electronics as well as major companies in the field.
IRJET- Generalized UPQC System with an Improved Control Method under Distorte...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses a generalized unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) system with an improved control method to address power quality issues like voltage sags, swells, harmonics, and poor power factor under distorted and unbalanced load conditions.
2) A UPQC consists of shunt and series active power filters connected back-to-back via a DC link to compensate for both current and voltage issues. The control method aims to improve harmonics, reactive power compensation, and power factor correction.
3) The paper presents the design, simulation, and analysis of a UPQC using MATLAB/Simulink to address different power quality problems and supply balanced and regulated voltage under various load conditions.
IRJET- Interleaved DC-DC Boost Converter with High Voltage Gain and Effic...IRJET Journal
The document describes an interleaved boost converter design for solar energy systems that achieves high voltage gain and efficiency. The interleaved topology minimizes ripple current and losses by operating switches out of phase. It utilizes a coupled inductor and voltage multiplier circuit to boost a 12V input to 100V output. Maximum power point tracking with fuzzy logic is used to optimize solar energy extraction. Simulation results show the converter can achieve its design goals of high output voltage and fast battery charging performance compared to conventional boost converters.
Design & Implementation of Controller Based Buck-Boost Converter for Small Wi...iosrjce
This paper propose to design a controller based buck boost converter for the effective utilization of
the wind machine. By implementing a controller based Buck-Boost converter, the voltage produced at the lower
wind speeds can also be utilized effectively by boosting it to the rated charging voltage of the battery. Also if the
wind speed is high, the DC output voltage will increase then the converter bucks this high voltage to the
nominal battery charging voltage (48V), thereby protecting the battery from over charging voltage. Thus the
effective utilization of the wind machine has been achieved by the use of the proposed controller based buck
boost converter.
A comparative study of cascaded h bridge and reversing voltage multilevel inv...IAEME Publication
This document compares a cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter topology to a proposed reversing voltage multilevel inverter topology. The cascaded H-bridge requires more components as the number of levels increases, making it less reliable. The proposed reversing voltage topology separates output voltage generation into level generation and polarity generation parts, requiring fewer switches. Specifically, a 7-level example of each topology is compared in terms of total harmonic distortion and number of components. The proposed topology is shown to require fewer components and produce lower THD than the cascaded H-bridge topology.
This paper proposes a new voltage frequency converter (VFC) that converts both voltage and frequency to the required level of voltage and frequency in low voltage networks used in various countries. The proposed converter could be used as a universal power supply for sensitive AC loads. The converter is composed of, input voltage and frequency detection circuitry, full bridge boost rectifier and a DC to AC inverter. In addition, to improve the feasibility and performance of the converter, synchronous reference based PI (SRFPI) controller is adopted, where the system behaves similar to a DC-DC converter. The parameter selection of PI controller is done using a recent optimisation technique called Lightning Search Algorithm (LSA). The simulation of VFC is conducted in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The simulation results shows that LSA based PI controller provides better output voltage regulation with respect to the reference value under various load and input conditions.
This document compares buck and boost converter topologies for use in photovoltaic power systems to maximize power extraction from solar panels. It finds that the boost converter is better suited as the PV interface as it can maintain continuous input current flow to the load. Simulation results show that a boost converter tracking the maximum power point of a PV array can increase the output voltage from 17.1V to 24.9V and deliver 60W of power to the load. The boost converter also performs well under varying temperature and solar irradiation conditions according to the simulations.
This paper presents a novel shunt active power filter (SAPF). The power converter that is used in this SAPF is constructed from a four-leg asymmetric multi-level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter that is fed from a photovoltaic source. A three-dimensional space vector modulation (3D-SVPWM) technique is adopted in this work. The multi-level inverter can generate 27-level output with harmonic content is almost zero. In addition to the capability to inject reactive power and mitigating the harmonics, the proposed SAPF has also, the ability to inject real power as it is fed from a PV source. Moreover, it has a fault-tolerant capability that makes the SAPF maintaining its operation under a loss of one leg of the multi-level inverter due to an open-circuit fault without any degradation in the performance. The proposed SAPF is designed and simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK using a single nonlinear load and the results have shown a significant reduction in total harmonics distortion (THD) of the source current under the normal operating condition and post a failure in one phase of the SAPF. Also, similar results are obtained when IEEE 15 bus network is used.
IEEE POWER ELECTRONICS PROJECT TITLE 2015-16Spiro Vellore
This document lists 50 power electronics projects from 2014-2015 related to various applications including motor drives, power quality improvement, renewable energy systems, and electrical vehicles. The projects are categorized into areas such as AC to DC converters, DC to DC converters, DC to AC converters, motor applications, electrical vehicle applications, power systems, and power quality improvement. Each project listing includes a code, title, brief description, and application year.
Comparison of upqc and dvr in wind turbine fed fsig under asymmetric faultselelijjournal
This paper presents the mitigation of faults in wind turbine connected fixed speed induction generator using unified power quality conditioner and static compensator. The UPQC consists of shunt and series converters connected back-to-back through a dc-to-dc step up converter. The presence of the dc-to-dc step converter permits the UPQC to compensate faults for long duration. The series converter is connected to the supply side whereas the shunt converter is connected to the load side. The control system of the proposed UPQC is based on Id-Iq theory. The DVR consists of shunt and series converters connected back-to-back through a dc-to-dc step up converter. The presence of the dc-to-dc step converter permits the DVR to compensate faults for long duration. The series converter is connected to the supply side whereas the shunt converter is connected to the load side. The control system of the proposed DVR is based on
hysteresis voltage controlThe proposed wind turbine fed fixed speed induction generator is evaluated and simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment with UPQC and DVR under asymmetric faults
MPPT oscillations minimization in PV system by controlling non-linear dynamic...IJECEIAES
Solar PV power generation has achieved rapid growth in developing countries which has many merits such as absence of noise, longer life, no pollution, less time for installation, and ease of grid interface. A maximum power point tracking circuit (MPPT) consists of DC-DC power electronics converters that are used to improve the energy attainment from solar PV array. This paper presents a detailed analysis to control of chaos, a non-linear dynamic in SEPIC DC-DC converter interfaced solar PV system, to minimize the oscillations near to MPP. In SEPIC DC-DC converter, the input inductor current is continuous and capable of sweeping the whole I-V curve of a PV module from open circuit voltage (V oc ) to short circuit current (I sc ) operating points. To trace the true maximum power point and to nullify the oscillations near to MPP, the yield output voltage needs to ensure period-1 operation.
A Battery-less Grid Connected Photovoltaic Power generation using Five-Level ...IAES-IJPEDS
Renewable power generation using photovoltaic is very interesting to be developed to deal with the problems of conventional energy sources and environmental issues. The photovoltaic power generation can operate both in stand-alone and grid-connected operations. This paper presents an application of the single-phase five-level common-emitter current-source inverter (CE-CSI) for grid connected photovoltaic system without batteries as energy storage system. In the proposed system, the five-level CE-CSI works generating a sinusoidal output current from photovoltaic system to be injected directly into the power grid. The transformer is used in the system to step-down the grid voltage to meet the voltage level of the photovoltaic system, and also works as a galvanic insulation between the power grid and the inverter system. Two conditions of the power grid voltage, i.e. a pure sinusoidal and a distorted power grid, are tested through computer simulation using PSIM software. Furthermore, experimental test result of the five-level inverter is also presented. The test results show that the five-level CE-CSI works well injecting a sinusoidal current into the power grid with low harmonic contents, and with unity power factor operation. The results also show that the distorted grid voltage affects the harmonic contents of the current injected by the inverter.
Alternating current (AC) electrical drives mainly require smaller current (or torque) ripples and lower total harmonic distortion (THD) of voltage for excellent drive performances. Normally, in practice, to achieve these requirements, the inverter needs to be operated at high switching frequency. By operating at high switching frequency, the size of filter can be reduced. However, the inverter which oftenly employs insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) for high power applications cannot be operated at high switching frequency. This is because, the IGBT switching frequency cannot be operated above 50 kHz due to its thermal restrictions. This paper proposes an alternate switching strategy to enable the use of IGBT for operating the inverter at high switching frequency to improve THD performances. In this strategy, each IGBT in a group of switches in the modified inverter circuit will operate the switching frequency at one-fourth of the inverter switching frequency. The alternate switching is implemented using simple analog and digital integrated circuits.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
1) The document describes a system for controlling the speed of a CUK converter-fed BLDC motor using a PI controller.
2) A CUK converter is used to provide power to the BLDC motor and PI control is applied to regulate the output voltage of the CUK converter in order to control the motor speed.
3) Simulation results show that the proposed PI controller is able to effectively control the motor speed while maintaining low current ripple and reducing torque ripples.
Comparison between an Interleaved Boost Converter and CUK Converter Fed BLDC ...IJPEDS-IAES
There is a great concern of torque ripple and power quality of three phase
voltage source converter fed Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motor
(PMBLDCM). In this paper, two control strategies for BLDC motor drive
has been investigated. One of the control strategies is based on PFC - CUK
converter fed PMBLDCM drive and another one is PFC- interleaved boost
converter fed BLDC motor drive. Comparison has been made between the
two control stragies in terms of Torque ripple, Total harmonic distortion
(THD) and power factor for different operating speeds. The proposed work
as been implemented under MATLAB/simulink environment. Simulation
results are presented to validate proposed work. From the results, it is
observed that PFC interleaved Boost converter fed BLDC motor drive is
more effective compared to CUK converter fed BLDC motor drive.
Brushless DC motor is a synchronous machine that makes use of electronic commutation instead of mechanical commutator. Brushless DC motors makes use of inverter encompassing static switches for its operation. A simple bridge converter when used for BLDC drive as front end converter makes input source power factor to get reduced which is unacceptable in the power system. To avoid the distortions in the source voltage and source currents, Buck converter which was used as power factor correction (PFC) converter in this paper to improve the power factor. Presence of power electronic converters deteriorates system power factor effecting overall system performance. This paper presents buck converter for power factor correction in brushless DC motor drive system. Buck converter is operated with current control strategy rather to conventional voltage follower control. Simulation model was obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and the brushless DC motor performance characteristics were shown for conditions with different DC link voltages and step variation in DC link voltage. Total harmonic distortion in source current was also presented.
Analysis of Variable Speed PFC Chopper FED BLDC Motor DriveIJPEDS-IAES
This paper provides the detailed analysis of the DC-DC chopper fed Brushless DC motor drive used for low-power applications. The various methods used to improve the power quality at the ac mains with lesser number of components are discussed. The most effective method of power quality improvement is also simulated using MATLAB Simulink. Improved method of speed control by controlling the dc link voltage of Voltage Source Inverter is also discussed with reduced switching losses. The continuous and discontinuous modes of operation of the converters are also discussed based on the improvement in power quality. The performance of the most effective solution is simulated in MATLAB Simulink environment and the obtained results are presented.
This paper presents the improved single phase AC-DC super lift Luo converter for enhancing quality of power by mitigating the issues. The proposed converter is used for output voltage control, power factor improvement and reduced source current harmonics at supply side. The main intention of this work is to design appropriate closed loop controllers for this AC-DC super lift Luo converter to achieve unity power factor in the source end. The designed control system comprises of two control loops, voltage control in outer loop and the current controller is devised in the inner loop. Fuzzy controller is used for current controller whereas PI controller as voltage controller. In the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform, simulation of the proposed AC-DC super lift Luo converter is done. It is clear from the simulation results that PI integrated fuzzy controller for voltage and control is proven to be better than classical PI with hysteresis controllers. The proposed system is able to achieve high input power factor along with supply current harmonic distortions of less than 5%.
Hardware Implementation of Single Phase Power Factor Correction System using ...IAES-IJPEDS
Rapid increase of consumers in electronics devices and the use of mains rectification circuits inside these electronic devices is the root cause of mains harmonic distortion. Automatic power factor correction techniques can be applied to the industries, power systems and households to make them stable inturns increases the efficiency of system as well as the apparatus. This paper deals with the hardware design of active power factor correction circuit employing boost converter which is used to boost the DC voltages with a controller based on PID control strategy. The pulses given to power switches by pulse width modulation techniques generated by utilizing micro-controller board, Arduino thus obviating the need of complex hardware circuitry. MATLAB/SIMULINK was used to design and tune the PID controller parameters. The simulation results are matching with the predictions and the same was implemented as hardware. The waveforms various test points and across capacitors were obtained, studied and compared with the theoretical waveforms and are found to be in precise proximity of theoretical waveforms.
This paper presents a PFC (Power Factor Correction) Cuk converter fed BLDC (Brushless DC) motor drive and the speed of BLDC motor is controlled using fuzzy logic implementation. The PFC converters are employed to enhance the power quality. The Brushless DC motor speed is under the control of DC-bus voltage of VSI-Voltage Source Inverter in which switching of low frequency is used. This helps in the electronic commutation of BLDC motors thus decreasing the switching losses in VSI. A DBR (Diode Bridge Rectifier) next to the PFC Cuk converter controls the voltage at DC link maintaining unity power factor. The characteristics of Cuk converter in four dissimilar modes of operation are studied such as continuous and discontinuous conduction modes (CCM and DCM) respectively. The entire system is simulated using Matlab/Simulink software and the simulation results are reported to verify the performance investigation of the proposed system.
Brushless DC Motor Drive using an Isolated-Luo Converter for Power Factor Cor...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on a brushless DC motor drive using an isolated Luo converter for power factor correction. Key points:
1) A brushless DC motor drive is presented using an isolated Luo converter to improve power quality at the AC mains while allowing for speed control of the BLDC motor.
2) The isolated Luo converter operates in discontinuous inductor current mode using a single voltage sensor, achieving inherent power factor correction with reduced sensing requirements.
3) Simulation results are presented to evaluate the performance of the drive in improving power quality for varying motor speeds and supply voltages.
This document discusses a 5 kW three-channel constant conduction mode (CCM) power factor correction (PFC) controller. It begins with an abstract that introduces PFC and CCM topology. It then provides background on power factor, classes of equipment according to regulations, AC-DC rectifiers, boost converters, and PFC. It presents the basic structure of average current mode controlled PFC and includes a Simulink model of a closed loop boost converter PFC with parameters. Simulation waveforms are shown and conclusions drawn that CCM PFC can achieve near unity power factor and total harmonic distortion under 15%.
IMPROVING POWER FACTORS BY USING LANDSMAN CONVERTER IN PMBLDC MOTORvivatechijri
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes using a Landsman converter to improve the power factor of a permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor. It begins with an abstract that states a Landsman converter power factor correction circuit can achieve unity power factor and provide a low-cost arrangement for a PMBLDC motor drive. It then reviews related work on digital motor controllers and a Cuk converter used for power factor correction in a PMBLDC motor drive. The document outlines the methodology, which includes a block diagram of the system and mathematical modeling. It concludes that the Landsman converter successfully improves the power factor and provides better power quality for the PMBLDC motor.
IRJET - A Comparative Analysis of Cuk and Buck Boost Converter for PFC in...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of Cuk and buck-boost converters for power factor correction in an induction motor drive system. It discusses the operation and design of Cuk and buck-boost converters, and simulations are performed in MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate the performance of each converter in improving the power factor when used with a three-phase induction motor. The results show that while both converters increased the power factor compared to without correction, the Cuk converter achieved a higher power factor of 0.96 compared to 0.9 for the buck-boost converter. Therefore, the Cuk converter provides better power factor correction for an induction motor drive.
Power Quality Analysis of Vienna Rectifier for BLDC Motor Drive ApplicationIJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents the power quality improvements for a BLDC driver using
Vienna rectifier as front end converter. The major drawbacks in the BLDC
motor drive and non linear load applications are the line pollution and
depreciation of the power factor. The conventional power factor correction
method is not economical and efficient. It requires bulky components as load
changes and produce high THD and less Power factor. The front end
converter of BLDC bridge inverter drive is proposed by the Vienna rectifier,
which can contribute more significantly in improving the power factor and
reduce the line pollution. The Vienna rectifier topology is controlled by the
constant switching frequency control technique for wide range of load
variation and it reduces the THD, improve the power factor and provide a
steady DC link voltage to the bridge inverter to drive the BLDC motor. The
design calculation and performance characteristics of BLDC motor and
Vienna rectifier are verified by using Matlab simulation.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document discusses a dual feedback PWM controller with a single-stage boost converter circuit designed to improve power factor and reduce harmonic current in AC/DC drives. The circuit aims to shape the input current to be sinusoidal using PWM control of the boost inductor current based on feedback of the inductor current and output voltage. Simulation results using fast Fourier transform show the circuit can greatly reduce current harmonics, improving the power factor and sinusoidal shape of the input current to enhance the performance of AC/DC drives.
Fuzzy based control of Transformer less Coupled inductor based DC-DC converterIJERA Editor
Most of the industrial applications use any one of the basic DC-DC converter configurations namely buck,
boost, buck–boost, and Cuk converters. These converters are non-isolating converters. Buck-boost converters
use inductors for storing energy from the source and release the same to load or output. This results in high
stress across magnetic components. This drawback restricts usage of buck-boost converters to low power
applications. Flyback converters popularly have known as buck-boost converters uses transformers for
achieving wide range of step down and step up voltages. Coupled inductor based converters or tapped inductor
based converters are used for achieving wide input – wide output conversion ratios. Coherent transition between
step-down and step-up modes is achieved by a proper control scheme. This paper proposes fuzzy logic based
closed loop control scheme for control of converter switches. Theoretical derivations of control parameters with
their membership values, mamdani based rules for development of fuzzy rules and simulation results of a
coupled inductor based DC-DC converter using MATLAB / SIMULINK are concluded.
This document discusses speed control of a DC motor using a chopper (buck converter) and PI controller. A buck converter is used to vary the armature voltage of the separately excited DC motor, allowing control of motor speed. A PI controller is employed to remove delay and provide fast control by minimizing the error between the reference speed and actual motor speed measured by a tachogenerator. The complete system including DC motor, buck converter and PI controller is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results for motor parameters like speed, current and torque are analyzed to verify the speed control methodology.
DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF HYBRID ELECTRIC TRICYCLE EMPLOYING BLDC DRIVE USING ...IAEME Publication
A hybrid electric Tricycle (HET) is a type of electric vehicle that uses BLDC motor
and a conventional internal combustion engine and manual pedal for physically
challenged people. This type of Tricycle is considered to have good performance and
fuel economy compared to a conventional method. This paper concentrates on the
design and simulation of a hybrid electric Tricycle using a DC-DC power boost
converter. Three types of input sources are used: lithium-ion Battery, Two stroke
petrol engine and pedal. A DC-DC power boost converter is designed in closed loop
speed control of BLDC Motor which arbitrates power to the battery. The main
components of the proposed hybrid electric Tricycle (HET) is: battery, two stroke
petrol engine, pedal, DC-DC Boot converter, PID controller and BLDC motor. The
working model of electric Tricycle is built and the performance of the battery and the
power boost converter are analyzed and the results are verified in MATLAB/ simulink
Comparison of Buck-Boost and Cuk Converters for BLDC Drive Applications with PFCIJMTST Journal
The devices generally used in industrial, commercial and residential applications need to undergo rectification for their proper functioning and operation. Hence there is a need to reduce the line current harmonics so as to improve the power factor of the system. This has led to designing of Power Factor Correction circuits. This project presents a power factor corrected (PFC) bridgeless (BL) buck–boost converter-fed brushless direct current (BLDC) motor drive as a cost-effective solution for low-power applications. The conventional PFC scheme of the BLDC motor drive utilizes a pulse width-modulated voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI) for speed control with a constant dc link voltage. This offers higher switching losses in VSI as the switching losses increase as a square function of switching frequency. A BL configuration of the buck–boost converter is proposed which offers the elimination of the diode bridge rectifier, thus reducing the conduction losses associated with it. A PFC BL buck–boost converter is designed to operate in discontinuous inductor current mode (DICM) to provide an inherent PFC at ac mains. The simulation results are presented by using Matlab/Simulink software. The proposed concept can be extended with cuk converter for BLDC drive applications using Matlab/Simulink software
This document discusses using a Fractional-Order PID (FOPID) controller to improve the time response of a photovoltaic-based cascaded Landsman Converter-Inverter system that drives an induction motor. A MATLAB Simulink model is created to simulate the system with both PI and FOPID controllers. The simulation results show that the FOPID controller enhances the dynamic response by achieving steady-state motor speed 0.65 seconds faster than the PI controller. In addition, the FOPID controller provides smoother voltage regulation with less overshoot and ripple compared to the PI controller. Therefore, the FOPID controller is an effective method for improving the transient performance of the Landsman Converter output voltage to
Semelhante a Power Factor Correction in Two Leg Inverter Fed BLDC Drive Using Cuk Dc-Dc Converter (20)
Inter-Area Oscillation Damping using an STATCOM Based Hybrid Shunt Compensati...IJPEDS-IAES
FACTS devices are one of the latest technologies which have been used to
improve power system dynamic and stability during recent years. However,
widespread adoption of this technology has been hampered by high cost
and reliability concerns. In this paper an economical phase imbalanced shunt
reactive compensation concept has been introduced and its ability for power
system dynamic enhancement and inter-area oscillation damping are
investigated. A hybrid phase imbalanced scheme is a shunt capacitive
compensation scheme, where two phases are compensated by fixed shunt
capacitor (C) and the third phase is compensated by a Static Synchronous
Compensator (STATCOM) in shunt with a fixed capacitor (CC). The power
system dynamic stability enhancement would be achieved by adding
a conventional Wide Area Damping Controller (WADC) to the main control
loop of the single phase STATCOM. Two different control methodologies
are proposed: a non-optimized conventional damping controller
and a conventional damping controller with optomised parameters that are
added to the main control loop of the unbalanced compensator in order to
damp the inter area oscillations. The proposed arrangement would, certainly,
be economically attractive when compared with a full three-phase
STATCOM. The proposed scheme is prosperously applied in a 13-bus
six-machine test system and various case studies are conducted to
demonstrate its ability in damping inter-area oscillations and power system
dynamic enhancement.
Fuzzy Gain-Scheduling Proportional–Integral Control for Improving the Speed B...IJPEDS-IAES
In this article, we have set up a vector control law of induction machine
where we tried different type of speed controllers. Our control strategy is of
type Field Orientated Control (FOC). In this structure we designed a Fuzzy
Gain-Scheduling Proportional–Integral (Pi) controller to obtain best result
regarding the speed of induction machine. At the beginning we designed a Pi
controller with fixed parameters. We came up to these parameters by
identifying the transfer function of this controller to that of Broïda (second
order transfer function). Then we designed a fuzzy logic (FL) controller.
Based on simulation results, we highlight the performances of each
controller. To improve the speed behaviour of the induction machine, we
have designend a controller called “Fuzzy Gain-Scheduling Proportional–
Integral controller” (FGS-PI controller) which inherited the pros of the
aforementioned controllers. The simulation result of this controller will
strengthen its performances.
Advance Technology in Application of Four Leg Inverters to UPQCIJPEDS-IAES
This article presents a novel application of four leg inverter with
conventional Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) Scheme to
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). The Power Quality problem
became burning issues since the starting of high voltage AC transmission
system. Hence, in this article it has been discussed to mitigate the PQ issues
in high voltage AC systems through a three phase Unified Power Quality
Conditioner (UPQC) under various conditions, such as harmonic mitigation
scheme, non linear loads, sag and swell conditions as well. Also, it proposes
to control harmoincs with various artificial intelligent techniques. Thus
application of these control technique such as Neural Networks (ANN)
Fuzzy Logic makes the system performance in par with the standards
and also compared with existing system. The simulation results based on
MATLAB/Simulink are discussed in detail to support the concept developed
in the paper.
Modified SVPWM Algorithm for 3-Level Inverter Fed DTC Induction Motor DriveIJPEDS-IAES
In this paper, a modified space vector pulse width modulation (MSVPWM)
algorithm is developed for 3-level inverter fed direct torque controlled
induction motor drive (DTC-IMD). MSVPWM algorithm simplifies
conventional space vector pulse width modulation (CSVPWM) algorithm for
multilevel inverter (MLI), whose complexity lies in sector/subsector/subsubsector
identification; which will commensurate with number of levels. In
the proposed algorithm sectors are identified as in two level inverter
and subsectors/sub-subsectors are identified by shifting the original reference
vector to sector 1 (S1). This is valid due to the fact that a three level space
vector plane is a composition of six two level space planes, and are
symmetrical with reference to six pivot states. Switching state/sequence
selection is also very important while dealing with SVPWM strategy for
MLI. In the proposed algorithm out of 27 available switching states apt
switching state is selected based on sector and subsector number, such that
voltage ripple is considerably less. To validate the proposed algorithm, it is
tested on a three level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter fed DTC-IMD.
The performance of the MSVPWM algorithm is analyzed by comparing no
load stator current ripple of the three level DTC-IMD with two level
DTC-IMD. Significant reduction in steady state torque and flux ripple is
observed. Hence, reduced acoustic noise is a distinctive facet of the proposed
method.
Modelling of a 3-Phase Induction Motor under Open-Phase Fault Using Matlab/Si...IJPEDS-IAES
The d-q model of Induction Motors (IMs) has been effectively used as an
efficient method to analyze the performance of the induction machines. This
study presents a step by step Matlab/Simulink implementation
of a star-connected 3-phase IM under open-phase fault (faulty 3-phase IM)
using d-q model. The presented technique in this paper can be simply
implemented in one block and can be made available for control purposes.
The simulated results provide to show the behavior of the star-connected 3-phase IM under open-phase fault condition.
Performance Characteristics of Induction Motor with FielIJPEDS-IAES
With development of power electronics and control Theories, the AC motor
control becomes easier. So the AC motors are used instead of the DC motor
in the drive applications. With this development, a several methods of control
are invented. The field oriented control and direct torque control are from the
best methods to control the drive systems. This paper is compared between
the field oriented control and direct torque control to show the advantages
and disadvantages of these methods of controls. This study discussed the
effects of these methods of control on the total harmonic distortion of the
current and torque ripples. This occurs through study the performance
characteristics of the AC motor. The motor used in this study is an induction
motor. This study is simulated through the MATLAB program.
A Novel Modified Turn-on Angle Control Scheme for Torque- Ripple Reduction in...IJPEDS-IAES
In recent years, Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) have been dramatically
considered with both researchers and industries. SRMs not only have a
simple and reliable structure, but also have low cost production process.
However, discrete torque production of SRM along with intensive magnetic
saturation in stator and rotor cores are the major drawbacks of utilizing in
variety of industrial applications and also causes the inappropriate torque
ripples. In this paper, a modified logical-rule-based Torque Sharing Function
(TSF) method is proposed considering turn-on angle control. The optimized
turn-on angle for conducting each phase is achieved by estimating the
inductance curve in the vicinity of unaligned position and based on an
analytical solution for each phase voltage equation. Simulation results on a
four-phase switched reluctance motor and comparison with the conventional
methods validates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Modeling and Simulation of Induction Motor based on Finite Element AnalysisIJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents the development of a co-simulation platform of induction
motor (IM). For the simulation, a coupled model is introduced which
contains the control, the power electronics and also the induction machine.
Each of these components is simulated in different software environments.
So, this study provides an advanced modeling and simulation tools for IM
which integrate all the components into one common simulation platform
environment. In this work, the IM is created using Ansys-Maxwell based on
Finite Element Analysis (FEA), whereas the power electronic converter is
developed in Ansys-Simplorer and the control scheme is build in MATLABSimulink
environment. Such structure can be useful for accurate design
and allows coupling analysis for more realistic simulation. This platform is
exploited to analyze the system models with faults caused by failures of
different drive’s components. Here, two studies cases are presented: the first
is the effects of a faulty device of the PWM inverter, and the second case is
the influence of the short circuit of two stator phases. In order to study the
performance of the control drive of the IM under fault conditions,
a co-simulation of the global dynamic model has been proposed to analyze
the IM behavior and control drives. In this work, the co-simulation has been
performed; furthermore the simulation results of scalar control allowed
verifying the precision of the proposed FEM platform.
Comparative Performance Study for Closed Loop Operation of an Adjustable Spee...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper an extensive comparative study is carried out between PI
and PID controlled closed loop model of an adjustable speed Permanent
Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive. The incorporation of Sinusoidal
Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) strategy establishes near sinusoidal
armature phase currents and comparatively less torque ripples without
sacrificing torque/weight ratio. In this closed loop model of PMSM drive, the
information about reference speed is provided to a speed controller, to ensure
that actual drive speed tracks the reference speed with ideally zero steady
state speed error. The entire model of PMSM closed loop drive is divided
into two loops, inner loop current and outer loop speed. By taking the
different combinations of two classical controllers (PI & PID) related with
two loop control structure, different approximations are carried out. Hence a
typical comparative study is introduced to familiar with the different
performance indices of the system corresponding to time domain and
frequency domain specifications. Therefore overall performance of closed
loop PMSM drive is tested and effectiveness of controllers will be
determined for different combinations.
Novel Discrete Components Based Speed Controller for Induction MotorIJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents an electronic design based on general purpose discrete
components for speed control of a single phase induction motor drive. The
MOSFETs inverter switching is controlled using Sampled Sinusoidal Pulse
Width Modulation (SPWM) techniques with V/F method based on Voltage
Controlled Oscillator (VCO). The load power is also controlled by a novel
design to produce a suitable SPWM pulse. The proposed electronic system
has ability to control the output frequency with flexible setting of lower limit
to less than 1 Hz and to higher frequency limits to 55 Hz. Moreover, the
proposed controller able to control the value of load voltage to frequency
ratio, which plays a major parameter in the function of IM speed control.
Furthermore, the designed system is characterized by easy manufacturing
and maintenance, high speed response, low cost, and does not need to
program steps as compared to other systems based on Microcontroller
and digital signal processor (DSP) units. The complete proposed electronic
design is made by the software of NI Multisim version 11.0 and all the
internal sub-designs are shown in this paper. Simulation results show the
effectiveness of electronic design for a promising of a high performance IM
PWM drive.
Sensorless Control of a Fault Tolerant PMSM Drives in Case of Single-Phase Op...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper introduces a sensorless-speed-controlled PMSM motor fed by a
four-leg inverter in case of a single phase open circuit fault regardless in
which phase is the fault. To minimize the system performance degradation
due to a single phase open circuit fault, a fault tolerant control strategy that
includes taking appropriate actions to control the two remaining healthy
currents is used in addition to use the fourth leg of the inverter. Tracking the
saliency is done through measuring the dynamic current responses of the
healthy phases of the PMSM motor due the IGBT switching actions using the
fundamental PWM method without introducing any modification to the
operation of the fourth leg of the inverter. Simulation results are provided to
verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for sensorless controlling of
a PMSM motor driven by a fault-tolerant four-phase inverter over a wide
speed ranges under the case of a single phase open circuit.
Improved Stator Flux Estimation for Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor ...IJPEDS-IAES
Stator flux estimation using voltage model is basically the integration of the
induced stator back electromotive force (emf) signal. In practical
implementation the pure integration is replaced by a low pass filter to avoid
the DC drift and saturation problems at the integrator output because of the
initial condition error and the inevitable DC components in the back emf
signal. However, the low pass filter introduces errors in the estimated stator
flux which are significant at frequencies near or lower than the cutoff
frequency. Also the DC components in the back emf signal are amplified at
the low pass filter output by a factor equals to . Therefore, different
integration algorithms have been proposed to improve the stator flux
estimation at steady state and transient conditions. In this paper a new
algorithm for stator flux estimation is proposed for direct torque control
(DTC) of induction motor drives. The proposed algorithm is composed of a
second order high pass filter and an integrator which can effectively
eliminates the effect of the error initial condition and the DC components.
The amplitude and phase errors compensation algorithm is selected such that
the steady state frequency response amplitude and phase angle are equivalent
to that of the pure integrator and the multiplication and division by stator
frequency are avoided. Also the cutoff frequency selection is improved; even
small value can filter out the DC components in the back emf signal. The
simulation results show the improved performance of the induction motor
direct torque control drive with the proposed stator flux estimation algorithm.
The simulation results are verified by the experimental results.
Minimization of Starting Energy Loss of Three Phase Induction Motors Based on...IJPEDS-IAES
The purpose of this paper is to minimize energy losses consumed by three
phase induction motors during starting with wide range of load torque from
no load to full load. This will limit the temperature rise and allows for more
numbers of starting during a definite time. Starting energy losses
minimization is achieved by controlling the rate of increasing voltage
and frequency to start induction motor under certain load torque within a
definite starting time. Optimal voltage and frequency are obtained by particle
swarm optimization (PSO) tool according to load torque. Then, outputs of the
PSO are used to design a neuro-fuzzy controller to control the output voltage
and frequency of the inverter during starting for each load torque. The
starting characteristics using proposed method are compared to that of direct
on line and V/F methods. A complete model of the system is developed using
SIMULINK/MATLAB.
Hardware Implementation of Solar Based Boost to SEPIC Converter Fed Nine Leve...IJPEDS-IAES
Multi level inverters are widely used in high power applications because of
low harmonic distortion. This paper deals with the simulation
and implementation of PV based boost to SEPIC converter with multilevel
inverter. The output of PV system is stepped up using boost to sepic
converter and it is converted into AC using a multilevel inverter.
The simulation and experimental results with the R load is presented in this
paper. The FFT analysis is done and the THD values are compared. Boost to
SEPIC converter is proposed to step up the voltage to the required value. The
experimental results are compared with the simulation results. The results
indicate that nine level inverter system has better performance than seven
level inverter system.
Transformer Less Voltage Quadrupler Based DC-DC Converter with Coupled Induct...IJPEDS-IAES
In this paper a voltage quadrupler dc-dc converter with coupled inductor
and π filter is presented. The use of the coupled inductor reduces the high
leakage inductance which is present in a transformer enabled converter.
The output ripples in the converter is reduced by providing a π filter.
The interleaved voltage quadrupler is used in this system in order to boost the
output voltage. The voltage multiplier improves the output voltage gain.
The main advantage of this system is more voltage gain when compared with
the transformer eneabled circuit and the overall efficiency of the system is
improved. The circuit is simple to control. As a final point of this research,
the simulation and the hardware investigational results are presented to
demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed converter.
IRAMY Inverter Control for Solar Electric VehicleIJPEDS-IAES
Solar Electric Vehicles (SEV) are considered the future vehicles to solve the issues of air pollution, global warming, and the rapid decreases of the petroleum resources facing the current transportation technology. However, SEV are still facing important technical obstacles to overcome. They include batteries energy storage capacity, charging times, efficiency of the solar panels and electrical propulsion systems. Solving any of those problems and electric vehicles will compete-complement the internal combustion engines vehicles. In the present work, we propose an electrical propulsion system based on three phase induction motor in order to obtain the desired speed and torque with less power loss. Because of the need to lightweight nature, small volume, low cost, less maintenance and high efficiency system, a three phase squirrel cage induction motor (IM) is selected in the electrical propulsion system. The IM is fed from three phase inverter operated by a constant V/F control method and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) algorithm. The proposed control strategy has been implemented on the texas instruments TM320F2812 Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to generate SVPWM signal needed to trigger the gates of IGBT based inverter. The inverter used in this work is a three phase inverter IRAMY20UP60B type. The experimental results show the ability of the proposed control strategy to generate a three-phase sine wave signal with desired frequency. The proposed control strategy is experimented on a locally manufactured EV prototype. The results show that the EV prototype can be propelled to speed up to 60km/h under different road conditions.
Design and Implementation of Single Phase AC-DC Buck-Boost Converter for Powe...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper discusses the Power Factor Correction (PFC) for single phase AC-DC Buck-Boost Converter (BBC) operated in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) using inductor average current mode control. The proposed control technique employs Proportional-Integral (PI) controller in the outer voltage loop and the Inductor Average Current Mode Control (IACMC) in the inner current loop for PFC BBC. The IACMC has advantages such as robustness when there are large variations in line voltage and output load. The PI controller is developed by using state space average model of BBC. The simulation of the proposed system with its control circuit is implemented in MatLab/Simulink. The simulation results show a nearly unity power factor can be attained and there is almost no change in power factor when the line frequency is at various ranges. Experimental results are provided to show its validity and feasibility.
Improvement of Wind farm with PMSG using STATCOMIJPEDS-IAES
This paper studies about the dynamic performance of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator with Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) for Wind farm integration. A whole dynamic model of wind energy conversion system (WECS) with PMSG and STATCOM are established in a MATLAB environment. With this model the dynamic behaviour of the generator and the overall system has been studied to determine the performance of them with and without STATCOM. Final results portrays that the WECS based PMSG with STATCOM improves the transient response of the wind farm when the system is in fault.
Modeling and Control of a Doubly-Fed Induction Generator for Wind Turbine-Gen...IJPEDS-IAES
This paper presents a vector control direct (FOC) of double fed induction generator intended to control the generated stator powers. This device is intended to be implemented in a variable-speed wind-energy conversion system connected to the grid. In order to control the active and reactive power exchanged between the machine stator and the grid, the rotor is fed by a bi-directional converter. The DFIG is controlled by standard relay controllers. Details of the control strategy and system simulation were performed using Simulink and the results are presented in this here to show the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
A Review on Design and Development of high Reliable Hybrid Energy Systems wit...IJPEDS-IAES
Hybrid Energy system is a combination of two or more different types of energy resources. Now a day this hybrid energy system plays key role in various remote area power applications. Hybrid energy system is more reliable than single energy system. This paper deals with high reliable hybrid energy system with solar, wind and micro hydro resources. The proposed hybrid system cable of multi mode operation and high reliable due to non communicated based controllers (Droop Characteristic Control) are used for optimal power sharing. Size of battery can be reduced because hydro used as back up source and Maximum power point Tracking also applied to solar and wind energy systems.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
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their control, Permanent-magnet brushless dc motors are more widely used in high-performance applications
and, the production of ripple-free torque is of primary concern in these applications.
BLDC motor is a electronic commutator driven drive i.e. it uses a three-phase voltage source
inverter for its operation, electronic devices means there is a problem of poor power quality, more torque
ripple and speed fluctuations. For driving the BLDC motor we use single phase ac supply which is convert to
DC with diode bridge rectifier and it output is given to capacitor i.e. DC link capacitor. Due to this DC link
capacitor charging and discharging; on AC supply side current is in pulsating form, this cause the power
quality problem. Due to many advantages over conventional drives its popularity and its usage is increased
and on utility side it cause more severe PQ problem. Research Work is going on to develop an electrical drive
system with inherent power factor correction converter (PFC). PFC will force the drive system to draw
sinusoidal current from AC supply mains and maintain nearly unity power factor. A PFC converter means an
extra cost and complexity which is not acceptable. There are so many PFC converter topologies are available
in which DC-DC converter topology is more popular due to low cost and less complexity. Buck, boost, buck
boost, SEPIC are the examples for DC-DC converters topology. In air-conditioners applications, a BLDCM
with boost PFC converter [3] and PMSM with improved power quality converter [4] have been reported for
power quality improvement, results in improvement in performance such as improved efficiency, reduction
of harmonics on AC supply side, noise reduction etc .
This paper deals with the application of cuk converter as PFC to feed two leg inverter fed BLDCM
with split DC supply, results in improvement in performance such as improved efficiency, reduction of
harmonics on AC supply side, noise reduction, nearly unity power factor at ac supply side, less torque ripple
and smooth sped control.
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of Proposed CUK PFC two leg inverter fed BLDCM with split DC supply
2. OPERATION OF CUK PFC TWO LEG INVERTER FED BLDCM DRIVE
Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of proposed CUK PFC two inverter fed BLDCM with split
DC supply for speed control as well as PFC in vide range of input AC voltage. It consist of two schemes one
is Power factor correction control scheme which uses a current multiplier approach concept with a current
control loop inside and second one is the speed control loop for continuous-conduction-mode operation of the
converter. First reference DC link voltage is compared with the actual DC link voltage which generates the
DC link voltage error signal (Vdc_error), which is processed through a PI controller to generate control
signal (Ic). This control signal multiplied with a unit template of input ac voltage to get reference DC link
current (Idc_ref). This reference DC link current (Idc_ref) is compared with dc link current (IDC) which is
sensed after diode bridge rectifier. The resultant DC current error (IDC_err) is amplified and compared with
a saw tooth carrier wave of fixed frequency (Fs) to generate the pulse width modulation (PWM) pulse for the
Cuk convertor. Its duty ratio (D) at a switching frequency (Fs) controls the dc link voltage at the desired
value. For speed control reference speed is compared with actual speed of the motor which gives speed error
(Nerr) which is processed through PI controller, which give reference current signal (Iref), this reference
current signal is multiply with hall sensor current position information, which generate the reference stator
current signal (Ia_ref). This reference stator current signal (Ia_ref) processed with hysteresis controller to
generate the firing pulse for voltage source inverter.
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3. DESIGN OF PFC CUK CONVERTER
Figure 2 shows the schematic of CUK converter used for PFC and speed control for proposed CUK
PFC two inverter fed BLDCM drive. This converter is obtained by using the duality principle of buck boost
converter. CUK converter gives negative polarity regulated output voltage w.r.t. the common terminal of
input DC voltage. The capacitor C1 acts as energy storing and energy transferring element from input to
output.
Figure 2. Schematic of CUK converter
The average inductor voltage VL1 and VL2 is zero at steady state, therefore VC1=Vdc+Vo (1)
VC1 is large than both Vdc and VO.
When the switch (SW) is off, inductor currents IL1and IL2 flows through diode, the circuit is as
shown in Figure 3. Capacitor C1 charged through the diode by energy from both the input and L1. Current IL1
decreases, because VC1 is greater than Vdc. Energy stored in L2 feeds the output, therefore IL2 also decreases.
Figure 3. CUK Converter waveform when switch
(SW) is off
Figure 4. CUK Converter waveform when switch
(SW) is on
When the switch (SW) is on, VC1 reverse bias the diode, the inductor currents IL1and IL2 flows
through switch (SW), the circuit as shown in Figure 4. Since VC1 is greater than VO, capacitor C1 discharged
through the switch (SW), and transferring the energy to the output and L2. Therefore Current IL1 increases.
The input feed energy to L1 causing IL1 to increase.
The inductor currents IL1and IL2 are assumed to be continuous and we assume the capacitor
voltage VC1 to be constant, then equating the integral of the voltage across L1 and L2 over one time period
to zero gives
At L1, VdcDTs+(Vdc-VC1)(1-D)Ts=0 therefore V V (2)
At L2, (VC1-Vo)DTs+ (-Vo)(1-D)Ts=0 therefore V V (3)
The dc link voltage of the PFC converter is given as, v
(4)
Where V the average output of the DBR for a given ac input voltage ,V √
∏
(5)
The Cuk converter uses a boost inductor and a capacitor for energy transfer. Their values are given as,
L
∆
(6)
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199
C
∆
(7)
Where ∆IL1 is a specified inductor current ripple, ∆VC1 is a specified voltage ripple in the
intermediate capacitor (C1), and Idc is the current drawn by the BLDCM from the dc link. A ripple filter is
designed for ripple-free voltage at the dc link of the Cuk converter. The inductance (L2) of the ripple filter
restricts the inductor peak-to-peak ripple current (∆IL2) within a specified value for the given switching
frequency (Fs), whereas the capacitance (Co) is calculator for the allowed ripple in the dc link voltage
(∆VCd). The values of the ripple filter inductor and capacitor are given as,
L
..
∆ (8)
ɷ∆
(9)
The advantage of CUK converter circuit is that both the input current and the current feeding the
output are reasonable ripple free, therefore it is possible to simultaneously eliminate the ripple in both the
inductor currents completely, leading to lower external filtering requirements and the disadvantage is the
requirement of a capacitor C1 with large ripple current carrying capability.
4. MODELING OF PROPOSED PFC CONVERTER BASED PMBLDCM DRIVE
The PFC cuk two leg inverter fed BLDCM drive with two DC source are the main parts of the
proposed drive system, which are modeled by mathematical equations and a combination of these equations
represents the complete model of the proposed drive system. The PFC converters consist of DBR, cuk
converter and ripple filter. Voltage controller, reference current generator, PWM controller, speed controller,
a reference current generator, a PWM current controller and a PMBLDC motor are used for complete
representation of cuk fed BLDCM drive system.
PFC Converter
The PFC converter block consists of voltage controller, PWM controller and a reference current
generator.
Voltage Controller
The proportional integral (PI) controller is used to control the DC link voltage.
DC voltage error Vdc_e(k) at kth is calculated as V _ k V∗
k V k
V∗
k is reference DC link voltage and V k is sensed DC link voltage at kth instant
This DC voltage error is processed through the Proportional integral voltage controller to get desired control
signal Iref_dc(k) at kth instant is given as,
Iref_dc(k) = I(k-1) + Kpvc[Ve(k) – Ve(k-1)] + KivcVe(k) (10)
Where Kpvc and Kicv are the proportional and integral gains of the voltage controller
Reference Current Generator
The reference inductor current,I∗
, of the Cuk converter is given as,
I∗
I k u (11)
Where uvi is the unit template of the input AC mains voltage calculated as,
u ;V |V | ; Vi= Vin sin ωt (12)
where ω is frequency in rad/s at input AC mains.
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PWM Controller
The reference Cuk converter current is compared with its sensed current to generate the current error
∆i I∗
I . This current error is amplified by gain Pdc and compared with carrier waveform Qd(t). The
switching signals for the IGBT of the PFC converter are generated by comparing this amplified current error
with saw-tooth carrier waveform of 2 kHz.
If Pdc ∆idc > Qd (t) then Scuk = 1 (13)
If Pdc ∆idc ≤ Qd (t) then Scuk = 0 (14)
where Scuk is the switching function of the switch used in Cuk converter representing, “on” position
with Scuk = 1 and its “off” position with Scuk = 0.
PMBLDCM Drive
The modelling of a speed controller is quite important as the performance of the system depends on
this controller. If at kth instant of time, ω∗
k is reference speed, ωr(k) is rotor speed then the speed error
ωe(k) can be calculated as,
ω k ω∗
k ω k (15)
This speed error is processed through a speed controller to get desired control signal.
Speed Controller
The output of the PI controller at kth instant T (k) is given as,
T (k) = T (k-1) + Kps[ωe(k) – ωe(k-1)] + Kis ωe(k) (16)
Where Kps and Kis are the proportional and integral gains of the speed controller.
Reference Winding Currents
The amplitude of stator winding current is as,
I∗
_
(17)
Where Kb_emf is the back emf constant of the BLDCM.
The reference phase currents of the motor winding are denoted by for phases i∗
, i∗
for phases a, b
respectively. For duration of 0-60º the reference currents can be given as i∗
1, and i∗
1, Similarly, the
reference winding currents during other 60º duration are generated in rectangular 120º block form in phase
with trapezoidal voltage of respective phases. These reference currents are compared with sensed phase
currents to generate the current errors ∆i i∗
i , ∆i i∗
i , for three phases of the motor.
5. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
Simulation model was developed using MATLAB/ SIMULINK software to test and validate the
performance of PFC cuk two leg inverter fed BLDCM drive using split DC supply. Figure 5 Shows the
Simulink block diagram of PFC cuk two leg inverter fed PMBLDC drive using split DC supply. The
performance of the PFC cuk two leg inverter fed BLDCM drive using split DC supply is analyzed on the
basis of various factor such as mechanical parameters, electrical parameters of the BLDC motor and the front
end CUK converter i.e. the speed, stator current and electromagnetic torque, DC link voltage, the cuk
inductor current, the voltage across the bulk capacitor, which shows satisfactory performance of the CUK
converter fed BLDCM drive. Parameters such as the power factor, the Total Harmonic Distortion, supply
current and supply voltage determine the performance of the drive in terms of power quality. The
performance of the drive is simulated for constant rated torque (2 Nm) at rated speed of 1000 rpm, with an
input AC voltage of 220V, 50 Hz supply.
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201
Figure 5. Simulink model of PFC cuk two leg inverter fed PMBLDC drive using two DC supply
a. Performance of CUK Converter Fed PMBLDCM Drive During Starting
The performance of the CUK converter fed BLDCM drive is evaluated at starting, while the motor
is feed from 220 V, 50 Hz AC supply at rated torque of 2 Nm with a reference speed of 500rpm. Figure 6
performance of BLDCM drive during starting in terms of input AC voltage, Ac source current, DC link
voltage, speed of the drive, torque developed by motor and phase a stator current. Motor reached to a set
speed of 500rpm with a load torque of 2Nm at t=0.015 sec. at the time of starting motor is taking a current of
3amp peaks, Ac voltage waveform and source current are in phase means nearly unity current and voltage
are in phase maintains unity power factor from starting.
(a). AC source voltage and source current response
(b). Speed response during starting
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
Time in sec
AC Source Voltage
AC Source Current
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Time in sec
Speed(rpm)
Ref Speed
Motor Speed
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(c). Torque response during starting
(d). Stator current response during starting
Figure 6. Performance of BLDCM drive during starting
b. Performance of the drive when speed increase from 500 rpm to 1000 rpm
(a). AC source voltage and source current response
(b). Speed response
(c). Torque response
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
Time in sec
Torque(Nm)
0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
Time in sec
Statorcurrent(A)
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
Time in sec
AC Source Voltage
AC Source Current
0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Time in sec
Speed(rpm)
Ref Speed
Motor Speed
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Time in sec
Torque(Nm)
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(d). Stator current response
Figure 7. Performance of BLDCM drive when speed increase from 500rpm to 1000 rpm
Figure 7 shows the performance behavior of PFC cuk fed BLDCM drive with two dc supply during
speed variation from 500 rpm to 1000 rpm at rated torque of 2 Nm. The drive reaches to a set speed of 1000
rpm in 0.1 sec. in this case also Ac voltage waveform and source current are in phase means nearly unity
power factor .
c. Performance of the Drive when Speed Decrease from 1000 rpm to 500 rpm
(a). AC source voltage and source current response
(b). Speed response
(c). Torque response
(d). Stator current response
Figure 8. Performance of BLDCM drive when speed decreases from 1000rpm to 500 rpm
0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.2
-2
-1
0
1
2
Time in sec
Statorcurrent(A)
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
Time in sec
AC Source Voltage
AC Source Current
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Time in sec
Speed(rpm)
Ref Speed
Motor Speed
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
-4
-2
0
2
4
Time in sec
Torque(Nm)
0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4
-2
-1
0
1
2
Time in sec
Statorcurrent(A)
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Figure 8 shows the performance behavior of PFC cuk two leg inverter fed BLDCM drive with two
dc supply during speed variation from 1000 rpm to 500 rpm at rated torque of 2 Nm. The drive reaches to a
set speed of 500 rpm in 0.05 sec. in this case also Ac voltage waveform and source current are in phase
means nearly unity power factor .
d. Performance under Steady State Condition
AC source current and harmonic spectra of PFC cuk two leg inverter fed BLDCM drive with two dc
supply during steady-state condition at rated torque, speed at 500rpm and 1000rpm is found. A THD of 7% is
observed at a speed of 500 rpm and when the speed is 1000rpm THD is 3.5%. Moreover, an improved
performance of the PMBLDCM drive is observed in terms of reduced ripples in torque, current and speed
during steady state conditions.
6. CONCLUSION
Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) is popular for its high efficiency, high torque to weight ratio, small
size, and high reliability, ease of control and low maintenance etc and replacing the conventional motor in so
many applications. In this paper a PFC cuk based two leg inverter PMBLDCM drive with split DC source is
analyzed and validated for applications. A smooth speed control is observed while controlling the dc link
voltage. The performance of the drive is good and satisfactory in the wide range of input ac voltage and
maintaining good power factor with less torque ripple, smooth speed control of the PMBLDCM drive. The
THD of ac mains current is observed well below 7% in most of the cases and satisfies the international
standards.
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magnet AC motor for air conditioning. Electric Power System Research, 65(3), 239-245.
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