This ppt is geared for 5th grade and covers the acquisitions of the French, English, Dutch, and Spanish. It mentions smallpox and relations with the Native Americans, the quest for gold and other natural resources.

1. The North
American
Colonies

2. A History of US (excerpt)
“Picture a long, stout rope. On each end of
the rope, strong teams pull hard. Sometimes the
rope is pulled in one direction, sometimes in the
other. Mostly, however, the teams are even. They
balance each other in a kind of tension. And so it
was, and is, and always has been in North
America. From the beginning, the Europeans who
came to America had two dreams; there was the
dream of riches, of America as a land of gold
where one could become wealthy. And there was
the dream of a new world, of an ideal place where
the mistakes of Europe could be avoided, where
people could pursue happiness. Sometimes those
dreams pulled in opposite directions; sometimes
they worked in harmony.”

4. Guiding Questions
 Which mother countries founded colonies in North
America?
 Who gave permission and money to start the
colonies?
 What was the purpose of the colonies?
 How did they decide where to build the colonies?
 How did the mother countries treat the natives?

5. The Spanish in North
America
 GOLD!! GOLD!! GOLD!! FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH!!
MORE GOLD!! EVEN MORE GOLD!!
 In 1540, Francisco Coronado and more than
1,000 soldiers set out to find the Seven Cities of
Gold.
 They traveled north out of Mexico into the present-
day states of Arizona, New
Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma and parts of Kansas.
 They never saw any traces of the Seven Cities of
Gold.

6.  Coronado then took the long trip home. The route
he took back toward Mexico would later become
known as the Santa Fe Trail.
 In 1542, Coronado returned to Mexico with only 100
of his soldiers. Coronado never found the Seven
Cities of Gold.
 However, he did claim the lands he had traveled
through for Spain (including the Grand Canyon).
This prevented any other European country from
making claims to the American southwest.

7. Spanish Holdings in North and Central America

8. The Spanish in Florida
 While exploring the Bahamas in 1513, Juan Ponce
de León landed somewhere near Cape
Canaveral, named the landmass "La Florida" and
claimed it for Spain. This was only 21 years after
Columbus first set foot in the Bahamas and initiated
Spanish colonization of the Americas.
 Hernando De Soto arrived on the Gulf Coast in
1539 and began a four-year trek across Florida and
the American South. Narváez, De Soto and many
other members of these expeditions died, but
survivors made it to Mexico to relate their
experiences.

9. The Spanish established missions throughout
the colony to convert Native Americans to
Catholicism.

10. Why did the English make
colonies in the Americas?
 to practice religion they choose
 to bring Christ to "savages"
 British judges sent people who had commented
crimes
 business people came to buy items like furs and
tobacco
 farmers - chance to have own land

11. New England:

Gold or God? different
Two English colonies were started for very
reasons.
 The Jamestown settlement in Virginia was
looking for gold and wealth.
 The Pilgrims settlement made a home further
north in Massachusetts and were after religious
freedom.
 Let’s compare and contrast these two strongly
conflicting colonies and their motives.

12. Jamestown Location

13. Jamestown, Virginia
 Virginia Company sent three ships of settlers to New
World in December 1607
 named settlement Jamestown in honor of English King
James
 came to set up trade between New World and England

14. Getting Settled…
 105 men and boys led by
John Smith
 built a fort near river that
flowed in Chesapeake Bay
 named river James after
King James of England
 fort was built on a swamp
which contained mosquitoes
carrying a deadly malaria
virus (oops!)

15. Getting Along with the

Natives…or not!
Powhatan Indians lived in that part of Virginia
 14,000 Indians lived in Chesapeake Bay when English came
 settlers did not build permanent houses or grow food, not good
hunters
 many English died from disease and starvation
 suffered worst winter (fire, drought, disease, Indian
attacks, and little food)
 almost destroyed the colony
 Pocahontas brought the settlers corn to eat

16. John Smith rescued by
Pocahontas

17. Getting along, cont’d.
 1610 Thomas De La Warr, new governor arrived
with 3 ships of supplies
 wanted more settlers to come
 gave new settlers 50 acres of free land
 Indians unhappy with this
 Interactive Jamestown Web site:
http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/games/inter
activeadventures/john-smith/

18. Why did the Pilgrims
come?
 Religious
freedom!!
 The King in England
decided what religion
everyone would be. The
Pilgrims wanted to
practice their own
religion without
interference from
anyone.
 The pilgrim settlers were
made up mostly families.
Many were tradesmen
and farmers.

19. Pilgrims
 Pilgrims landed near Cape Cod in Massachusetts
settlement started in 1620
leader William Bradford
 Once the people aboard the Mayflower realized that the terms of
their agreement applied to Virginia, and not to New
England, where they were, the leaders wrote the Mayflower
Compact. The document was signed on ship within sight of land.
The compact stated:
 that they would remain united
 make laws for the general good of the new colony
 promised to obey laws
 The Mayflower Compact was a form of self-government for
the colony.

20. Mayflower Compact

21. Pilgrim’s Arrival
 on November 11, 1620
after 66 days, the
Pilgrims came to Cape
Cod
 first winter struggled to
build shelter
 in two or three months
half of the people died
half the people who
survived were children
only four women lived
 called new settlement
Plimoth Plantation

22. Plymouth Colony

23. The White Man’s
Disease
 Prior to the arrival of
Europeans, various sources
estimate native population in North
and South America at ninety to one
hundred million. It is impossible to
arrive at the number of Indians in
the Americas killed by European
diseases with smallpox the
deadliest by far. Even the most
conservative estimates place
the deaths from smallpox above

24. Smallpox

25. The Dutch
 The Dutch kept trying to find a
westward passage to the Indies.
They sent an Englishman, Captain
Henry Hudson to find it. Hudson found
a river that ran westward for a short
time. He followed it and found that it
turned north in what is now New York.
The river was later named Hudson
after him.

26. Hudson’s Route

27. The Dutch pay the
Natives
 Hudson found the Indians living along the
shores of this river were friendly. They
were willing to trade furs. Hudson told the
Dutch people about this.
 In 1623 the Dutch sent people to live in
this area. They formed a new colony and
began trading with the Indians. They
called their new colony New
Netherlands. The Dutch Governor Peter
Minuit bought Manhattan Island from the
Indians for $24 worth of beads and
trinkets.

28. Economy of the
Colonies
 The whole purpose of a colony is to make money
for the mother country. Their job was to collect the
raw materials and natural resources from the area
and ship it back to the mother country to
manufacture.
 Check out this link to learn all about it!
 file:///Users/heidi/Desktop/teacher%20resources/his
tory/Coloniztion/North%20American%20Colonizatio
n/Colonial%20Economy%20from%201600%20to%
201750.webarchive

30. 13 New England Colonies
Virginia 1607 London Company
Massachusetts 1620 Puritans
New Hampshire 1623 John Wheelwright
Maryland 1634 Lord Baltimore
Connecticut 1635 Thomas Hooker
Rhode Island 1636 Roger Williams
Delaware 1638 Peter Minuit & New Sweden
Co.
North Carolina 1653 Virginians
South Carolina 1663 Eight Nobles (Royal Charter)
New Jersey 1664 Lord Berkeley & Sir
George Carteret
New York 1664 Duke of York
Pennsylvania 1682 William Penn

31. You are French, oui?
 Found a colony in Quebec.
 Some colonists farm, some are tradesmen, but
most are traders of fur.
 They learn to speak the native’s language and
intermarry.
 Conflict with English colonies drive them
westward, so they begin to settle along the
Mississippi River.

32. French and Indian War
 Also known as The Seven Years War
 Fought between the English colonies and the
French colonies (the Native “Indians” helped the
French).
 Fought over land rights
 War ends with the Proclamation Line of 1763.
English wins all the French lands EAST of the
Mississippi.
 Spanish win all the French land WEST of the
Mississippi

33. Follow Up Questions
 Which mother countries founded colonies in North
America?
 What was the purpose of the colonies?
 How did they decide where to build the colonies?
 How did the mother countries treat the natives?