1. Diagnosis and Treatment Planning

12. Pain History

15. Pulpal Pain

18. Periradicular /Periodontal Pain

23. Extra-oral Swelling

24. Visual Examination Extra oral sinus tracts associated with necrotic teeth

26. Acute apical abscess Acute apical abscess Incision and drainage

27. Visual Examination A sinus tract should be traced with a gutta-percha cone

29. Discoloration

32. Radiographs Characteristic J-shaped or halo lesion associated with fractured root

34. Percussion Test Vertical percussion Horizontal percussion

35. Percussion Test Tooth Slooth Used to assess cracked teeth and incomplete cuspal fractures

37. Palpation

40. Thermal Tests

41. Thermal Tests Ice stick CO2 Snow

46. Electric Pulp Test

48. Electric Pulp Testing

50. Periodontal Examination

51. Periodontal Examination An isolated deep pocket may indicate a root fracture

55. Transillumination A crack will block and reflect the light when transilluminated

78. AAE Case Difficulty Assessment Form

86. Special tests 49 Not possible to test No response 56 EPT Normal Normal No response Normal Thermal Negative Negative Negative Negative Percussion 3 15 14 13 Tooth #

87. Pre-operative film

89. Access and Working length

90. Completed RCT