The role of Qaid Azam in the Pakistan movement

2. ROLE OF QUAID -E- AZAM IN
PAKISTAN MOVEMENT
PRESENTATION BY:
• AROOJ FATMA . . .

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVE:
 Students will be able to understand the Pakistan
movement and the role of MUHAMMAD ALI JINNAH to
establish the homeland "PAKISTAN''

4. OUTLINE
INTRODUTION
DEFINITION OF PAKISTAN MOVEMENT
FACTORS OF THE PAKISTAN MOVEMENT
• DESIRE TO ESTABLISH AN ISLAMIC STATE
• HISTORICAL COLUSSION
• SHUDDI AND SANGATHAN MOVEMENT
• TWO NATION THEORY
BIOGRAPHY OF QUAID - E- AZAM
QUAID-E- AZAM'S ROLE AND ACHIEVEMENTS
CONCLUSION

5. INTRODUCTION
Hindus and Muslims had lived peacefully together in Ind
ia but after the British invasion in South Asia and their supp
ort to Hindus , life became very difficult for Indian Muslims. In
spite of the British and the Hindus cruelty,they could not
put a wedge into the Muslim unity and their love for the nati
onal character. In fact, the creation of Pakistan owes much to
the dynamic leadership of Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah
and his immense struggle made the foundation of Pakistan.

6. PAKISTAN
MOVEMENT
DEFINITION :
The Pakistan Movement ,also called Tehrik-e-
Pakistan ; was a successful historical movement
during the first half of the 20th century against
British Raj and Indian Congress to have an
independent Muslim state named Pakistan. It was
created from the separation of the north-western
region of the Indian subcontinent . This movement
was led by the leader Muhammad Ali Jinnah

7. FACTORS OF THE PAKISTAN MOVEMENT

8.  DESIRE TO ESTABLISH AN
ISLAMIC STATE
 HISTORICAL COLUSSION
Hindu and Muslim historical collusion started when
Muhammad Bin Qasim, defeating Raja Dahir,
founded Islamic government in the subcontinent
It continued also during the British Regime. Hindus,
cooperating with British, tried to diminish
Muslim culture and their way of life

9.  SHUDDI AND SANGATHAN MOVEMENT
The differences between Hindus and Muslims reached to the peak when
Shuddhi and Sangathan movements began. The Shuddhi Movement aimed at the
mass conversion of certain groups of Muslims into Hindus by force whereas the
Sangathan Programmed sought to organize the Hindus into a Militant force to flight
with the Muslims.
 TWO NATION THEORY
The Two Nation Theory played an important role for demanding a separate home
land according to which Hindus and Muslims are the two nations and therefore they
cannot live together. Quaid-e-Azam once said,
“Hindus and Muslims though living in the same towns and villages had never
been blended into one nation. They were always two separate entities.”

10. Who
is QUAID –
E- AZAM ?

11. BIOGRAPHY
OF QUAID - E-
AZAM
Mohammed Ali Jinnah, also called Qaid-E-
Azam (Great Leader), was born on 25 December
1876 in Karachi. He was a great man
who founded Pakistan represented the voice of
one hundred million
Muslims, fought for their religious, social and
economic freedom. He served as the leader of
the All-India Muslim League in 1913 , then as
Pakistan's first governor on 14 August 1947 until
his death on 11 September 1948.

12. QUAID - E- AZAM'S ROLE
AND ACHIEVEMENTS
 AMBASSADOR OF HINDU-MUSLIM UNITY:
For about three decades since QUAID-e-AZAM entry into politics in
1906 ,he was an active member of both the National Congress , and
representative of all India-Muslim League in 1920 :
 He believed in the unity of Hindus and Muslims and worked
for independence
 He worked to give Muslims a powerful voice in Indian politics that
to seek for a separate electorate
 Muslims' interests in the subcontinent got to preserve their national
identity as Muslims more than unity.
 QUAID-e- AZAM made the National Congress recognised Muslim
League as representative of all MUSLIMS

13. MUSLIM LEAGUE
REACTION TO NEHRU
REPORT
In 1928, Jinn ah took a stand against Nehru Report that included mainly:
 No state of religion to restrict ISLAM practices
 No separate electorates for any community that not to let Muslims control
their provincial legislatures and be dependent.
 Federal set up government and all the minorities are ruled and controlled
Hence, this gave Jinah the ultimate realisation that Muslims has to have a
separate nation in the subcontinent.
 Mohammad Ali Jinnah drafted his Fourteen Points in 1929 which became
the core demands of the Muslim community

14. QUAID's FOURTEEN POINTS(1929)
1. The form of the future constitution should be federal with the residuary powers vested in the provinces.
2.A uniform measure of autonomy shall be granted to all provinces.
3. All legislatures in the country and other elected bodies shall be constituted
on the definite principle of adequate and effective representation of minorities in every province without
reducing the majority in any province to a minority or even equality.
4.In the Central Legislative, Muslim representation shall not be less than one-third.
5. Representation of communal groups shall continue to be by means of separate electorate as at
present provided it shall be open to
any community at any time to abandon its separate electorate in favor of a joint electorate.
6. Any territorial distribution that might at any time be necessary shall not in any way affect the Muslim majority
in the Punjab, Bengal and the North West Frontier Province.

15. 7. Full religious liberty, i.e. liberty of belief, worship and observance, propaganda,
association and education, shall be guaranteed to all communities.
8. No bill or any resolution or any part thereof shall be passed in any legislature
or any other elected body if three-
fourth of the members of any community in that particular body oppose such a bill
resolution or part thereof on the ground that it would be injurious to the interests
of that community or in the alternative, such other method is devised as maybe
found feasible and practicable to deal with such cases.
9. Sindh should be separated from the Bombay presidency.
10. Reforms should be introduced in the North West Frontier Province and
Baluchistan on the same footing as in the other provinces.

16. 11. Provision should be made in the constitution giving Muslims an adequate share, along
with the other Indians, in all the services of the state and in local self-
governing bodies having due regard to the requirements of efficiency.
12. The constitution should embody adequate safeguards for the protection of Muslim cultu
re and for the protection and promotion of Muslim education, language, religion, person
al laws and Muslim charitable institution and for their due share in the grants-in-
aid given by the state and by local self-governing bodies.
13. No cabinet, either central or provincial, should be formed without there being a proporti
on of at least one-third Muslim ministers.
14. No change shall be made in the constitution by the Central Legislature except with the c
oncurrence of the State's contribution of the Indian Federation.
Among the Hindus, Jinnah's points were highly disregarded.

17. REORGANIZATION OF
MUSLIM LEAGUE
After Jinah's 14 points rejection , he migrated to Lodon and the Muslim
League was on
the hands of rich, landlords or some middle class intellectuals with limited h
orizons . However , Jinah returned
and realized that organizing the Muslims of India into one powerful and dyna
mic is highly needed :
• QUAID united and activated
the Muslim League as the sole representative body
• He continued the struggle for freedom of India on constitutional lines
• In 1937, election was held in British India
that the Muslim League won 108 (about 22 percent) seats out
of a total of 492.

18. The Jinnah-
Sikandar pact ( 1937 )
In 1937 All India Muslim League lost the election very badl
y so the party needed some powerful leaders to succeed .
Thus, Jinnah invited One
of them was Sikandar Hayat Khan Primer of the Punjab and
signed a Pact of help and union:
 More organisation at the level of Muslim League
 Gaining extra power and support for the demand of separate
homeland
 Sikandar Hayat convinced other big leaders to join All India
Muslim League.
 It leads to the Lahore Resolution in 1940

19. Lahore
RESOLUTION
23 March 1940
Under the leadership of QUAID –e-
AZAM,the Resolution was passed in the presence
of Muslim leaders from all over the country
demanding separate homeland.

20. QUAID –E-AZAM'S
FLEXIIBLE POWER
 Muslim League rejected Cripps proposals (helping BRITISH
GOVERNMENT in its war) because that doesn't support
Muslims for their separate homeland . Jinnah protected the
rights of Indian Muslims
 QUAID-E-AZAM considered Quit India Movement
as anti-Muslim action
 He rejected Gandhi talks
to take hands from demand of an independent nation

21. QUAID -E- AZAM AS
SOLE REPRESENTATIVE
 Election results held in 1945-46 resulted in a big victory
for Muslim League with 30 seats for central legislative
and 427 seats in the provincial legislative. Such results
prove that there was sole representative of the Muslim
League and its organiser who is QUAID -e- AZAM
 He says:
''I have no doubt now in the achievement of Pakistan.
The Muslims of India told the world what
they want. No power of world can topple the opinion of
10 core Muslims of India''.

22. Direct Action Day
(16th August, 1946):
 Muhamah Ali Jinnah held a meeting of All India-
Muslim League in Bombay and decided to launch a
direct action for the achievements of Pakistan .
Muhamad Ali Jinah announced that it is high time for
Muslims separate homeland by all means needed ,
 He says: ''Today we bid good bye to constitutional
methods. Today we have forged a pistol and are in a
position to use it''
 There was a strike in all over the country,Direct Action
Day was observed peacefully throughout India, except
in Calcutta where riots broke out.

23. INDEPENDENCE ACT OF 1947
 On 14 July 1947, the Indian Independence bill was moved in
the British Parliament which became an act on 18 July 1947.
According to this act :
 India was to be divided into two sovereign states of Pakistan
and India and the British control over India would come to
an end in 1947. Pakistan has become independent on 14
August 1947 .
 The states were given the option to join one or the other
country.
 In recognition of QUAID –E- AZAM 's contributions, he
was nominated by the Muslim League as the Governor-
General of Pakistan

24. CONCLUSION
After Muhamed Ali Jinnah long struggle and
work to get Pakistan into being ,his health failed
and breathed his last on 11th September 1948
and was buried in Karachi. No men in history
can boast of creating a nation single handedly
and altering the map of the world but Jinnah did
so and thus became a legend.
He said: “Whatever you may be, and
whatever you are, you are a Muslim.”

25. THANK YOU
QUAID -E-AZAM
for our
beloved country