Peter Senge is an American scientist and author born in 1947. He introduced the concept of a learning organization in his 1990 book "The Fifth Discipline". A learning organization facilitates the continuous learning of its members to transform itself. It is a place where people discover how they create their reality. Organizational learning is important for companies to adapt to changing environments, improve skills and communication, and overcome weaknesses. Key components of learning organizations include systems thinking, personal mastery, mental models, shared vision, and team learning.