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Rolando Coto, AILDI June 2012. University of Arizona
What comes to your mind when you
hear the word technology?
What comes to your mind when you
hear the word technology?
What is technology?
What is technology?
Technology (Dictionary definitions):
The practical application of knowledge especially in a
particular area. (Merriam Webster)

(The study and knowledge of) the practical, especially
industrial, use of scientific discoveries. (Cambridge
Dictionaries)

Making, modification, usage, and knowledge
of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems,
methods of organization, in order to solve a problem,
improve a preexisting solution to a problem, achieve a
goal or perform a specific function. (Wikipedia)
Technology (International bodies):
[Technology] is "the application of knowledge", and
more narrowly dealing with tools and techniques for
carrying out the plans to achieve desired objectives.
(OCDE Camberra Manual)

"...the know-how and creative processes that may assist
people to utilize tools, resources and systems to solve
problems and to enhance control over the natural and
made environment in an endeavor to improve the
human condition." (Unesco 1985, Technology Education
Federation of Australia, 1999)
Technology (Philosophical definitions):
The application of scientific activity to the improvement
of our natural and artificial environment, to invention,
and to the manufacture of material and cultural goods.
(Bunge, 2005)

Humanity at Work. (Pitt, 2000)
Technology

   All human cultures have used technology.
Technology

   All human cultures have used technology.
Technology

   All human cultures have used technology.
Not only humans have
     technology!
 Source: PLoS Biology Vol. 3/11/2005, e385 >>
Not only humans have
     technology!
   Source: Science Vol118(765) >>
There are many different kinds of technologies.
The use of technologies carries
several ethical considerations…
    Source: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University >>
Is technology morally neutral?
Video: Moloch (Metropolis)



Is technology morally neutral?
Is technology morally neutral?
Are the creators of a technology
     responsible for its use?
Are the creators of a technology
     responsible for its use?
Are the creators of a technology
     responsible for its use?
Are there inherent risks in
       technology?
What do the moral codes in your
communities say about these matters?
A relevant example: Writing
Yes, writing is a kind of technology: It is the
use of a tool (a group of symbols) to solve a
problem (repeating words and sentences even
if the person who uttered them originally isn’t
there with you).
Technologies can vary in the way they
          solve a problem.
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida,




       Vocalic symbols are dependent on the consonantic symbols.
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad,




         These writing systems generally leave the vowels out.
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)




 The shape of the symbols is inspired in the shape of the mouth as you pronounce
                                    the sounds.
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries




                Inuktitut (Northern Canada)
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries




                 Cherokee (United States)
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries




                 Cherokee (United States)
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries
  - Logograms
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries
  - Logograms
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries
  - Logograms
Types of writing systems >>
  - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)
  - Syllabaries
  - Logograms
[Pause to discuss the pros
and cons of writing systems]
How about computers? What opportunities
   and challenges do they come with?
http://www.flickr.com/photos/yashrg/2854410669/in/set-72157607274344384/
Mano con iPhone (Yash Gupta, CC 2.0 BY-NC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Design_for_a_Flying_Machine.jpg
Máquina voladora (dominio público)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:National_park_stone_tools.jpg
Herramientas de piedra en parques nacionales estadounidenses (dominio público)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Inca_Quipu.jpg
Quipu (Claus Ableiter, CC 3.0 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gorilla_tool_use.png
Gorila usando tecnología (PLoS Biology, CC 3.0 BY)

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/318/5851/765.abstract
Cuervos usando herramientas (Science, todos los derechos reservados. Se considera uso justo pq...)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Degen_de1103.jpg
radio degen (Mohylek, CC 2.5 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maler_der_Grabkammer_des_Sennudem_001.jpg
arado egipcio (dominio público)

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Caracol_in_chich%C3%A9n_itz%C3%A1.jpg
observatorio el caracol (André Möller, CC 3.0 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tamagotchi_0124_ubt.jpeg
tamagotchi (tomasz sienicki, CC 3.0 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%C4%90%E1%BA%B7t_%C4%91%C3%B3.jpg
Vietnamese traditional fish trap (Petr & Bara Ruzicka, CC 2.0 BY)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/55397833@N00/336103109/
Piedras blancas y negras (imago, CC 2.0 BY-NC-SA)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/gogri/3779793041/
El bien y el mal (Nimish Gogri, CC 2.0 BY)


http://www.flickr.com/photos/kenmccown/4698999522/
Pesticidas (Ken McCown, CC 2.0 BY-NC-ND)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dzingeek/4587871752/
mad scientist (jennifer rouse, CC 2.0 by-nc-dd)


http://www.flickr.com/photos/soilscience/5103180569/
soil scientists at work (soil Science, cc 2.0 by)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/toucanradio/1203009991/
Cattenom nuclear plant (Toucanradio, CC 2.0 BY-NC-ND)


Maya gylphs (Thomas Aleto, todos los derechos reservados)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sequoyah.jpg
Sequoya (dominio público)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/37651136@N05/5637077256/
Teclado (ericnvntr, CC 2.0 BY)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fourbats.jpg
Bate de beisbol

http://www.omniglot.com/writing/inuktitut.htm
Silabario Inuktitut

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stipula_fountain_pen.jpg
Pluma fuente

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Technologies (AILDI 2012)

  • 1. Rolando Coto, AILDI June 2012. University of Arizona
  • 2. What comes to your mind when you hear the word technology?
  • 3. What comes to your mind when you hear the word technology?
  • 6. Technology (Dictionary definitions): The practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area. (Merriam Webster) (The study and knowledge of) the practical, especially industrial, use of scientific discoveries. (Cambridge Dictionaries) Making, modification, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, methods of organization, in order to solve a problem, improve a preexisting solution to a problem, achieve a goal or perform a specific function. (Wikipedia)
  • 7. Technology (International bodies): [Technology] is "the application of knowledge", and more narrowly dealing with tools and techniques for carrying out the plans to achieve desired objectives. (OCDE Camberra Manual) "...the know-how and creative processes that may assist people to utilize tools, resources and systems to solve problems and to enhance control over the natural and made environment in an endeavor to improve the human condition." (Unesco 1985, Technology Education Federation of Australia, 1999)
  • 8. Technology (Philosophical definitions): The application of scientific activity to the improvement of our natural and artificial environment, to invention, and to the manufacture of material and cultural goods. (Bunge, 2005) Humanity at Work. (Pitt, 2000)
  • 9. Technology All human cultures have used technology.
  • 10. Technology All human cultures have used technology.
  • 11. Technology All human cultures have used technology.
  • 12.
  • 13. Not only humans have technology! Source: PLoS Biology Vol. 3/11/2005, e385 >>
  • 14. Not only humans have technology! Source: Science Vol118(765) >>
  • 15. There are many different kinds of technologies.
  • 16. The use of technologies carries several ethical considerations… Source: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University >>
  • 18. Video: Moloch (Metropolis) Is technology morally neutral?
  • 20. Are the creators of a technology responsible for its use?
  • 21. Are the creators of a technology responsible for its use?
  • 22. Are the creators of a technology responsible for its use?
  • 23. Are there inherent risks in technology?
  • 24. What do the moral codes in your communities say about these matters?
  • 26. Yes, writing is a kind of technology: It is the use of a tool (a group of symbols) to solve a problem (repeating words and sentences even if the person who uttered them originally isn’t there with you).
  • 27. Technologies can vary in the way they solve a problem.
  • 28. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete
  • 29. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, Vocalic symbols are dependent on the consonantic symbols.
  • 30. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, These writing systems generally leave the vowels out.
  • 31. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) The shape of the symbols is inspired in the shape of the mouth as you pronounce the sounds.
  • 32. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries
  • 33. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries Inuktitut (Northern Canada)
  • 34. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries Cherokee (United States)
  • 35. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries Cherokee (United States)
  • 36. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries - Logograms
  • 37. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries - Logograms
  • 38. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries - Logograms
  • 39. Types of writing systems >> - Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural) - Syllabaries - Logograms
  • 40. [Pause to discuss the pros and cons of writing systems]
  • 41. How about computers? What opportunities and challenges do they come with?
  • 42. http://www.flickr.com/photos/yashrg/2854410669/in/set-72157607274344384/ Mano con iPhone (Yash Gupta, CC 2.0 BY-NC) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Design_for_a_Flying_Machine.jpg Máquina voladora (dominio público) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:National_park_stone_tools.jpg Herramientas de piedra en parques nacionales estadounidenses (dominio público) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Inca_Quipu.jpg Quipu (Claus Ableiter, CC 3.0 BY-SA) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gorilla_tool_use.png Gorila usando tecnología (PLoS Biology, CC 3.0 BY) http://www.sciencemag.org/content/318/5851/765.abstract Cuervos usando herramientas (Science, todos los derechos reservados. Se considera uso justo pq...) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Degen_de1103.jpg radio degen (Mohylek, CC 2.5 BY-SA) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maler_der_Grabkammer_des_Sennudem_001.jpg arado egipcio (dominio público) http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Caracol_in_chich%C3%A9n_itz%C3%A1.jpg observatorio el caracol (André Möller, CC 3.0 BY-SA) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tamagotchi_0124_ubt.jpeg tamagotchi (tomasz sienicki, CC 3.0 BY-SA) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%C4%90%E1%BA%B7t_%C4%91%C3%B3.jpg Vietnamese traditional fish trap (Petr & Bara Ruzicka, CC 2.0 BY) http://www.flickr.com/photos/55397833@N00/336103109/ Piedras blancas y negras (imago, CC 2.0 BY-NC-SA)
  • 43. http://www.flickr.com/photos/gogri/3779793041/ El bien y el mal (Nimish Gogri, CC 2.0 BY) http://www.flickr.com/photos/kenmccown/4698999522/ Pesticidas (Ken McCown, CC 2.0 BY-NC-ND) http://www.flickr.com/photos/dzingeek/4587871752/ mad scientist (jennifer rouse, CC 2.0 by-nc-dd) http://www.flickr.com/photos/soilscience/5103180569/ soil scientists at work (soil Science, cc 2.0 by) http://www.flickr.com/photos/toucanradio/1203009991/ Cattenom nuclear plant (Toucanradio, CC 2.0 BY-NC-ND) Maya gylphs (Thomas Aleto, todos los derechos reservados) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sequoyah.jpg Sequoya (dominio público) http://www.flickr.com/photos/37651136@N05/5637077256/ Teclado (ericnvntr, CC 2.0 BY) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fourbats.jpg Bate de beisbol http://www.omniglot.com/writing/inuktitut.htm Silabario Inuktitut http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stipula_fountain_pen.jpg Pluma fuente