Jasmine is a genus of flowering plants with over 200 species. It is widely cultivated for its sweetly fragrant flowers. The document provides details on the taxonomy of jasmine, common species, descriptions, uses, cultivation practices including climate, soil, varieties, and harvesting. Jasmine is native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Asia and cultivated for ornamental and religious purposes. Commercial cultivation yields high profits after several years of growth.
8. Jasmine
Taxonomic name Jasminum is a genus of shrubs and vines in the
olive family(Oleaceae).
It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm
temperate regions of the Eurasia, Australasia and Oceania.
Jasmines are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of
their flowers.
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9. Scientific classification
Kingdom : Plantae
Order : Lamiales
Family : Oleaceae
Tribe : Jasmineae
Genus : Jasminum L.
Type species : Jasminum officinale L.
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10. Species
Jasmine have more than 200,Some selected species include:
• J. humile L. – Italian jasmine, Italian yellow jasmine
• J. adenophyllum Wall. – bluegrape jasmine, pinwheel jasmine,
princess jasmine
• J. mesnyi Hance – Japanese jasmine, primrose jasmine, yellow
jasmine
• J. angustifolium (L.) Willd.
• J. auriculatum Vahl – Indian hasmine, needle-flower jasmine
• J. Sambac (L.) Aiton – Arabian jasmine, Sambac jasmine
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11. Description
• Jasmines can be either deciduous or evergreen and can be erect,
spreading, or climbing shrubs and vines.
• Their leaves are borne opposite or alternate. They can be
simple, trifoliate, or pinnate. The flowers are typically around
2.5 cm (0.98 in) in diameter.
• They are white or yellow in color, although in rare instances
they can be slightly reddish.
• Each flower has about four to nine petals, two locules, and one
to four ovules. They have two stamens with very short filaments.
The bracts are linear or ovate. The calyx is bell-shaped. They are
usually very fragrant. The fruits of jasmines are berries that turn
black when ripe.
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12. Distribution and habitat
Jasmines are native to tropical and subtropical regions
of Eurasia, Australasia and Oceania, although only one of the
200 species is native to Europe. Their center of diversity is
in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
A number of jasmine species have become naturalized in
Mediterranean Europe. For example, the so-called Spanish was
originally from Iran and western South Asia.
Jasminum fluminense which is sometimes known by the
inaccurate name "Brazilian Jasmine“ and (Gold Coast Jasmine)
are invasive species in Hawaii and Florida. White Jasmine, is
an invasive weed in Australia.
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13. Uses
Widely cultivated for its flowers, jasmine is
enjoyed in the garden, as a house plant, and as
cut flowers. The flowers are worn by women
in their hair in southern and southeast Asia.
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14. Jasmine is one of the oldest fragrant flowers
cultivated by man. The flower is used for various
purposes viz. making garlands, bouquet,
decorating hair of women, religious offering etc.
Jasmine is also known as the "Queen of the
Night", because of it's heady fragrance.
Cultivation
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15. Climate and Soil
Jasmine can be cultivated in wide range of
soils, i.e. from sandy loam to clay soils.
However, it comes up well in well drained rich
sandy loam soils. The ideal conditions for
successful cultivation are warm summer with
ample water supply and sunny days.
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16. Varieties
The species-wise recommended varieties are
Gundumalli (Jasminum sambac),
Co-1, and Co-2 (J.auriculatum) and Co-1 and
C0-2 (J.grandiflorum).
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17. Land Preparation and Planting
One or two initial ploughing are required to
remove the weeds present in the land, which is
followed by digging of pits at a size of 30 cu. m.
Each pit should be applied 10 kg of Farm Yard
Manure (FYM) before filling the pits. Planting
should be done during June-November at a
spacing of 1.5 m x 1.5 m. Rooted cuttings are
used as a planting material.
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18. Irrigation
First irrigation should be given immediately
after planting and subsequent irrigation at an
interval of 7-10 days depending upon the
weather conditions and soil type.
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19. Manuring
It is recommended that each plant should be
applied with 10 kg of FYM and 60 g of
Nitrogen and 120 g each of Phosphorus and
Potassium and they should be applied in two
spilt doses. i.e. once after annual pruning and
again during June-July.
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20. Inter Cultural Operations
Weeding and strengthening of irrigation
channel and bunds are the intercultural
operations followed for jasmine cultivation.
The first weeding should be done 20-25 days
after planting and subsequent weeding are
done once in 2-3 months.
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23. Season of flowering and harvesting
Flowering commences after 6 months of
planting. Fully developed unopened flower
buds should be picked in the early morning i.e.
before sun rise. Flowering commences in
March-April.
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37. Quotes & Poetry
“Every flower is a soul blossoming in nature”.
-Gerard De Nerval
“Bring bally flowers don't want to Bakul”.
-Kazi Nazrul Islam
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Conclusion
Jasmine is most attractive balmy flower.
Jasmine blooms in rainy season. That have
so many uses and socio cultural value also
economical price . Jasmine cultivation is so
profitable then other flower.