How to effectivly work with your MEP Consultant in an Integrative Design Process

1. Integrative Design
How to work with your MEP

2. Populous is a Registered Provider with the American Institute of
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material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using,
distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to
specific materials, methods and services will be addressed at the
conclusion of this presentation.

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Building Momentum Group, LLC 2010

4. Learning Objectives
Sustainable Design Intent & Innovation
 Integrated Project Delivery
 Building Form
 Energy Modeling
 Rightsizing Equipment

5. Presentation Goals
• Define High-Performance Buildings
• Bridge the Technical Gap Between Architect and Engineer
• Demonstrate the Value of Collaboration in
High-Performance Building Design

6. What is a High-Performance Building?
• Perform better than code minimum
• Address ALL building characteristics
• Site
• Water
• Energy
• Materials
• Indoor Environment
• Occupant Productivity
• Operation
• Limit Detrimental Impact

7. USGBC LEED Rating System

8. A More Efficient Code Minimum
• All State Energy Codes Must Be Equivalent To ASHRAE
Standard 90.1-2004 By December 30, 2010 (Source: U.S. DOE)
• 90.1 Efficiency Increasing With Every Three Years
Energy Code Basis Efficiency Gain
IECC 2006 ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 40% over 1999
IECC 2009 ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 30% over 2004*
IECC 2012 ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2010 30% over 2007**
*Source: NREL
**IECC likely to adopt when released

9. Status of State Energy Codes
Graphic adapted from www.energycodes.gov

10. Compliance Paths
Prescriptive Performance
1. Energy Cost Budget
Comply With Mandatory 2. Appendix G
Envelope Requirements
IECC 90.1
IECC 90.1
Comply With Mandatory
Mechanical Requirements Document Compliance
Energy Model
Plan Review
IECC 90.1
Field Inspection
Comply With Mandatory
Lighting Requirements
IECC 90.1
Document Compliance
Plan Review
Field Inspection

11. Prescriptive Compliance
U= 1 / R
c.i. = Continuous Insulation
Excerpt from ASHRAE 90.1-2007

12. Walls Defined
metal building wall: a wall whose structure consists of
metal spanning members supported by steel structural
members (i.e., does not include spandrel glass or metal
panels in curtain wall systems).
mass wall: a wall with an HC exceeding (1) 7 Btu/ft2·°F
or (2) 5 Btu/ft2·°F, provided that the wall has a material
unit weight not greater than 120 lb/ft3.
steel-framed wall: a wall with a cavity (insulated
or otherwise) whose exterior surfaces are separated by
steel framing members (i.e., typical steel stud walls and
curtain wall systems).
wood-framed and other walls: all other wall
types, including wood stud walls.

13. Typical Steel-Frame Wall

14. Prescriptive Compliance
“Assembly”
Excerpt from ASHRAE 90.1-2007

15. Fenestration Assemblies
• Assembly is a weighted factor between
• Center of Glass
• Edge of Glass
• Frame
• Typical glass manufacturers list “center of glass” only
• With Curtain Wall manufacturers
• Request calculated assembly U-Values
• Request calculated assembly SHGC
• Request calculated/test infiltration rate
• Engineer requires “assembly u-value” for load & energy models
• Engineer can calculate these values

16. Increasing Efficiency
Zone 4A Envelope Changes
90.1-2004 90.1-2007 % Change
Roofs U: 0.063 U: 0.048
~24%
(Ins. Above Deck) R-15ci R-20ci
Walls Above Grade U: 0.124 U: 0.062
~50%
(Steel-Framed) R-13 R-13+R-7.5ci
Vertical Glazing
Max. 50% of Wall Max. 40% of Wall ~20%
(Percent Glass)
Unonmetal frame: 0.40
40% Vertical Glazing Ufixed: 0.57 Umetal frame: 0.50 (curtainwall)
~12 to 30%
(Assembly Max. U) Uoper: 0.67 Umetal frame: 0.85 (entrance door)
Umetal frame: 0.55 (other)
40% Vertical Glazing SHGCall: 0.39
SHGCall: 0.40 varies
(Assembly Max. SHGC) SHGCnorth: 0.49

17. Compliance Paths
Prescriptive Performance
1. Energy Cost Budget
Comply With Mandatory 2. Appendix G
Envelope Requirements
IECC 90.1
IECC 90.1
Comply With Mandatory
Mechanical Requirements Document Compliance
Energy Model
Plan Review
IECC 90.1
Field Inspection Appendix G
For
Comply With Mandatory
Lighting Requirements LEED
Projects
IECC 90.1
Document Compliance
Plan Review
Field Inspection

18. Percent Glazing Example
25000
20000 Heat Rejection
Pumps
(10^6 BTU/year)
15000 Cooling
Heating - Gas
10000 Heating Electric
Fans
5000 Lights
Receptacles
0 Base Utilities
Baseline: 40% Glass (U=0.57, SC=0.45) % above baseline
Run 1: 50% Glass (U=0.57, SC=0.45) 4.9%
Run 2: 60% Glass (U=0.57, SC=0.45) 10.1%
Run 3: 70% Glass (U=0.57, SC=0.45) 15.4%
Run 4: 50% Glass (U=0.4, SC=0.46) 0.5%
Run 5: 60% Glass (U=0.4, SC=0.46) 3.1%
Run 6: 70% Glass (U=0.4, SC=0.46) 6.9%

19. Typical Office Building Energy Consumption
Lighting
Office Equipment 22%
26%
Other
7%
Ventilation
7%
Cooling Space Heating
29% 6%
Water Heating
Cooking 1%
1% Refrigeration
1%

20. LEED EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy
Performance
• Proposed Building Energy Cost ($) Must Be Less Than Baseline Model
• ~16% Increase In Performance Between Version 2.2 & Version 3
% Better
LEED System Basis
Than 90.1
Version 2.2 ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 14%
Version 3 ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 10%

21. High-Performance Building Code
•Advanced Energy Design Guides
• Prescriptive Guide Written For Small Buildings
• Free Download
•ASHRAE Standard 189.1
• Created By USGBC & ASHRAE
• Formatted Similar To LEED But Written For Code
•International Green Construction Code
• High-Performance Model Building Code (release date 2012)

22. Back To The Future
• Standard 90.1: Baseline Code
• AEDG: Prescriptive High-Performance for Small Buildings
• Standard 189.1: High-Performance for Commercial Buildings
Graphic adapted from ASHRAE Vision 2020

23. Conventional Project Delivery Is Delivering Waste
• Project Team Members Working In Silos
• High-Performance Synergies Lost In-between Trades
• High-Performance Lost By “De-Value Engineering”
Architect Mechanical Engineer Electrical Engineer Plumbing Engineer

24. MEP’s Role In The Conventional Design Process
MEP is typically Most of the MEP
engaged during work is done
SD phase during CD’s
Conceptual Design
Design Development Bidding
Ongoing Operations
& Maintenance
Schematic Construction Construction
Design Documents
LEED Energy
Model

25. The Integrative Design Process
• Engages the Design Team In Conceptual Phase
• Engage MEP in Conceptual & Schematic Design
Parametric
Modeling
Conceptual Design
Design Development Bidding
Ongoing Operations
& Maintenance
Schematic Construction Construction
Design Documents
Conceptual
Modeling

26. Energy Modeling Process
Conceptual Modeling
• Programming/Discovery Phase
Parametric Modeling
• SD Phase
Load Modeling
• DD Phase
Compliance Modeling
• Late in DD or early CD Phase
Predictive/Incentive Modeling
• CD Phase
Measurement & Verification
• Post Construction

27. What is Conceptual Modeling?
Big Picture Comparisons Between Different
Building Forms & Orientations
Determine Optimal Site Specific
Synergies Between Building Systems
Optimize Orientation for Daylighting, Wind,
Thermal Massing etc.

28. What is Parametric Modeling?
Identify the Most Promising Energy-Reduction Strategies.
Compare Envelope Options
Massing Insulation Fenestration
Compare Building Systems Options
HVAC Lighting Controls Strategies
Conduct a Life Cycle Value Assessment & Reduce, Reduce, Reduce!

29. Communicate & Collaborate
• Charrettes Facilitate Collaboration
• Share information early in the design process
• Collaboration Eliminates Assumptions

30. Don’t Assume High-Performance
• MEP’s Will Make Conservative “Rule-of-Thumb”
Assumptions Unless Provided With Actual Performance
Information
• MEP’s Will Apply Safety Factors to Those Assumptions
• Conservative Assumptions and Safety Factors Lead to
Under-Performing and Over-Priced Buildings

31. Tools for High-Performance Design
• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
• Good For Coordination
• Increases Information Flow
• Does Not Reduce Design Time
• Requires Integrated Project Delivery To Be Of Real Value
• Energy Modeling
• Most Valuable When Performed Early
• Tool for Making Important Design Decisions
• Commissioning
• Necessary from Concept to Completion

32. Integrated Teams Lead To High-Performance Design

33. Learning Objectives
Sustainable Design Intent & Innovation
 Integrated Project Delivery: The Future of Construction
 Building Form: Conceptual Modeling Crucial
 Energy Modeling: A Team Activity
 Rightsizing Equipment: Crucial for High-Performance

34. Resources
ASHRAE www.ashrae.org
Building EQ www.buildingeq.com
Building Momentum Group www.bmgsc.com
Energy Codes www.energycodes.gov
Engineering for Sustainability www.engineeringforsustainability.org
ENERGY STAR www.energystar.gov
International Green Construction Cod www.iccsafe.org/cs/IGCC/
Net-Zero Commercial Initiative www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/commercial_initiative/design.html
U.S. Department of Energy www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/
USGBC www.usgbc.org

35. Questions?
This concludes the American Institute of
Architects Continuing Education Systems
Program
Chicago . 866.790.2744 . bmgsc.com