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Presentation 7 Churches
- 1. Apostle Paul’s Missionary Journeys 使徒保罗宣教之旅
- 5. Church of Ephesus, Revelations 2:1 以弗所
- 7. Library of Celsus Founded in 300 BC by Lysimakhos, a general for Alexander the Great Second largest city of the Roman Empire, population of 250,000 Gospel of John is believed to be written here
- 8. The Odeon
- 9. The Theater – Largest outdoor theater in the ancient world Apostle Paul stayed in Ephesus for 2 years on his 3rd mission Preached that “man-made gods are no gods at all.” Acts 19:26 The city worshipped goddess Artemis
- 10. “I know your deeds, your hard work and your perseverance. I know that you cannot tolerate wicked men, that you have tested those who claim to be apostles but are not, and have found them false.” Rev 2:2 Commended for taking heed to Paul’s earlier warnings, “I know that after I leave, savage wolves will come in among you and will not spare the flock.” Acts 20:29
- 11. “Yet I hold this against you:You have forsaken your first love.” Rev 2:4 The church in Ephesus had become too self-righteous. They did everything right – but they had lost their feelings of warmth and tenderness for Christ. Their fellowship had become routine. They were not walking in a consciousness and awareness of Christ's presence and rejoicing in Him throughout the day.
- 12. Church of Pergamum, Revelations 2:12 别迦摩
- 13. Built up in 3rd century BC. After Alexander's death, one of his generals, Lysimachus controlled Pergamum Capital of the powerful, wealthy kingdom of Mysia Center of Art, Culture and Learning, had a Large library containing 200,000 volumes Population of approximately 25,000
- 14. The name Pergamos has dual meaning: ‘High tower’ and ‘Married’ ‘Married to the high tower’ ‘High tower’ does not refer to Christ but to the world
- 15. Temple of Trajan Christianity was faced with 3 types of pagan religions: Asiatic (the god Dionysus and Aesculapius) Cultured Greek (Zeus and Athina) Official Roman (Trajan and Severus, Roman emperors)
- 16. “I know where you live – where Satan has his throne” Rev 2:13
- 17. The Red Hall, Temple of Serapis was built in the 2nd century AD for the worship of Egyptian gods
- 18. “Nevertheless, I have a few things against you: You have people there who hold to the teaching of Balaam who taught Balak to entice the Israelites to sin by eating food sacrificed to idols and by committing sexual immorality.” Rev 2:14 False teachers were present in those days similar to Balaam encouraged the church to mix themselves with the world Christians participated in pagan rites & festivals, while also acknowledging the divinity of Caesar They advocated a life of half measures where one can walk with God and in the world at the same time
- 19. Steepest theater in the world constructed in 3rd century BC “To him who overcomes, I will give some of the hidden manna. I will also give him a white stone with a new name written on it, known only to him who receives it.” Rev 2:17
- 20. Church of Thyatira, Revelations 3:1 推雅推喇
- 22. Smallest of the 7 churches Wealthy city. Main commercial route between Pergamum and Sardis Well known for woolen goods, dyed fabrics. Particularly famous for purple dye. Lydia from Thyatira was a dealer in purple cloth. Acts 16:14
- 23. Many trade guilds: wool-workers, linen-workers, makers of outer garments, dyers, leather-workers, tanners, potters, bakers, slave-dealers and bronze-smiths Lies right in the track of invasion: it must be captured by an invader and guards the passage to a rich district, and hence it must be defended to the last It could never be made a really strong fortress in ancient warfare, for its devotion to the arts of peace would seriously detract from its military strength
- 24. “Nevertheless, I have this against you: You tolerate that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess. By her teaching she misleads my servants into sexual immorality and the eating of food sacrificed to idols.” Rev 2:20 The Jezebel of Thyatira called herself a prophetess, purporting to speak the words of God They did not take the time to study, and to test those who said they were apostles, but they received all manner of teaching that contradicted the truth, thereby polluting the doctrine of truth Not all who come in the name of the Lord, are of the Lord They had Loveabsent of truth, while those at Ephesus had truth absent of Love
- 25. Church of Sardis, Revelations 3:1 撒狄
- 28. Earliest reference in 472 BC Capital city of the Kingdom of Lydia Ideal geographical location for trade and commerce Abundant source of water and gold-bearing sands of the Pactolus stream – “as rich as Croesus”
- 29. “Wake up! Strengthen what remains and is about to die, for I have not found your deeds complete in the sight of my God.” Rev 3:2 Natural defence on the mountains lead to sense of security Notoriously loose living, pleasure-and luxury loving Living on past accomplishments
- 30. “But if you do not wake up, I will come like a thief and you will not know at what time I will come to you.” Rev 3:2 Ancient toilet at Sardis Told to be watchful and awake, or it will be surprised by Christ Each time this city was captured, it was as a result of being "caught napping.“
- 31. Church of Laodicea, Revelations 3:14 老底嘉
- 33. Laodicea Founded in 3rd century B.C. by King Antiochos II, then King of Syria Named after his queen, Laodice Important place for tradesmen and travellers Located well geographically Remains of a Temple
- 34. Bath at Laodicea
- 35. “You say, 'I am rich; I have acquired wealth and do not need a thing.' But you do not realise that you are wretched, pitiful, poor, blind and naked” Rev 3:17 Laodicea prided itself on three things: financial wealth, an extensive textile industry, and a popular eye-salve(medicine) Blinded by material wealth Poor in the eyes of Christ Comparison with Church in Smyrna “I know your afflictions and your poverty - yet you are rich!” Rev 2:9
- 36. "I know your deeds, that you are neither cold nor hot. I wish you were either one or the other! So, because you are lukewarm - neither hot nor cold - I am about to spit you out of my mouth." Rev 3:15
- 37. Water supply of the city came from hot springs 6 miles away Lukewarm water is useless Lukewarm Christians are those who have lost their hunger for God
- 38. “I counsel you to buy from me gold refined in the fire, so you can become rich; and white clothes to wear, so you can cover your shameful nakedness; and salve to put on your eyes, so you can see." Rev 3:18 Gold represents faith in Christ, rather than trusting wealth which perishes Compared to Sardis. “Yet you have a few people in Sardis who have not soiled their clothes. They will walk with me, dressed in white, for they are worthy.” Rev 3:4 Imagery of white clothes repeated throughout Revelations - Idea of righteousness. “These are they who have come out of the great tribulation; they have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb.” Rev 7:14 Irony in salve
- 39. "Here I am! I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come and eat with him, and he with me." Rev 3:20
- 40. Summary Ephesus Believe in Christ rather than Christianity Walking in consciousness of Christ Pergamum Walk only with God, not with the world Thytaira Love God and be able to discern truth from false Sardis Be watchful and awake Laodicea Be rich in Christ, not in material wealth Answer the door, for he will come in and eat
- 41. What we should be concerned about Constantine the Great began to rule in the year 312 Became a Christian in name, and in the year 315 proclaimed the edict of Milan for political reasons The edict of Milan stated that the official religion of the Roman Empire, was that of Christianity. He passed this decree not because he had found truth in God’s word, but to garner the votes of the ever increasing Christian population
- 42. After his victory, Constantine forced all of his soldiers to be baptized The Church and the state became one, they were wed together, and being wed the Church soon began to dictate not only the religious aspects of society, but also the government. All embraced Christianity, without embracing Christ. Soon the Church adopted the image of the world. Many professed Christianity because it was the popular thing, but very few contemplated a true life in Christ, and those that did were readily persecuted and despised.
- 43. 希腊 Greece 希腊
- 45. Forum at Corinth
- 46. Bema
- 47. Fountain
- 48. Lechaion Road
- 49. Shophouses
- 51. Temple of Apollo
Notas do Editor
- Custom animation effects: overlapping, transparent text(Intermediate)Tip: In the beginning of the instructions, the text boxes are referred to as “first,” “second,” and “third” based on the order in which they are created. Later on, in the animation reproduction instructions, they are referred to as “first,” “second,” and “third” based on the order in which they appear in the Selection and Visibility pane. To reproduce the text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the text. (Note: To match the example above, enter transparent.)Select the text, and then on the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select CenturyGothic.In the FontSize box, enter 90.Click Bold.Select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the WordArtStyles group, click the FormatTextEffects dialog box launcher. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, click TextFill in the left pane, click Solidfill in the TextFill pane, and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 40%.Drag the text box to the left side of the slide. Select the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Drag the second, duplicate text box to the right side of the slide.Right-click the second text box, click Edit Text,and edit the text. (Note: To match the example above, enter overlapping.)On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click SelectionPane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box you created. (Note: Objects you created earlier will show up at the bottom of the list in the pane, and objects you created later will show up at the top.) Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the bottom left corner of the WordArtStyles group, click the FormatTextEffects dialog box launcher. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, click TextFill in the left pane, and in the TextFill pane do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 40%.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both text boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Top.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box you created. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select the second and third (black) text boxes you created. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Top.ClickAlignLeft.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first (white) text box you created. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click BringForward.To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:To view beyond the edges of the slide, on the View tab, in the Zoom group, select Zoom. In the Zoom dialog box, select 50%.On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the animation effect (fade effect for the second text box). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select VeryFast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to MotionPaths, and then click Right.Select the second animation effect (right motion path for the second text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click EffectOptions. In the Right dialog box,do the following:On the Effect tab, select Auto-Reverse. On the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious. In the Speed list, select 3 seconds (Slow).With the second animation effect still selected in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following on the slide: Point to the endpoint (red arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the endpoint approximately 5” beyond the right edge of the slide.Point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point approximately 5” beyond the left edge of the slide.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the thirdtext box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the third animation effect (fade effect for the third text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click Effect Options. In the Fade dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Delay box, enter 0.5.In the Speed list, select 0.5 seconds (VeryFast).In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the thirdtext box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to MotionPaths, and then click Left.Select the fourth animation effect (motion path for the third text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click Timing. In the Left dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Delay box, enter 0.5.In the Speed list, select 3 seconds (Slow).With the fourth animation effect still selected in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following on the slide:Point to the endpoint (red arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the endpoint approximately 5” beyond the left edge of the slide.Point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point approximately 5” beyond the right edge of the slide.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade. Select the fifth animation effect (fade effect for the first text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click Timing. In the Fade dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Delay box, enter 3.5.In the Speed list, select 0.5 seconds (VeryFast).In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to MotionPaths, and then click Right. Select the sixth animation effect (motion path for the first text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click EffectOptions. In the Motion Path dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious. In the Delay box, enter 3.5.In the Speed list, select 3 seconds (Slow).With the sixth animation effect still selected in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following on the slide:Point to the endpoint (red arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the endpoint approximately 5” beyond the left edge of the slide.Point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point approximately 5” beyond the right edge of the slide.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left). Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 15% (fifth row, second option from the left).
- god Dionysus (god of wine)Aesculapius (god of medicine and healing)
- It began with harlotry, it advanced to being invited to the sacrifices of the Moabite gods, it progressed even further to where the people ate and bowed down to the gods of Moab, and it ended with the Lord’s anger being aroused against Israel, wherein there was a plague among the congregation of the Lord. The enemy’s plan is always multi layered, and he does not make his intentions known until it is too late. When Balaam counseledBalak to bring forth the daughters of Moab that the men of Israel may commit harlotry with them, he knew that this would progress further than just mere harlotry. What Balaam was teaching Balak in essence, was how to separate the people of Israel from their God, how to cause them to fall into disfavor with Him. One sin begets another greater sin, and one compromise begets another greater compromise.
- Jezebel was the daughter of Ethbaal, who at the time was king of the Sidonians. The Sidonians were idol worshipers, primarily worshiping Baal. If not for Ahab, king of Israel, Jezebel would have been just another cruel and merciless princess, long forgotten by the passage of time. It was only when Ahab entered the picture, and married Jezebel that she becomes a relevant part of history, and it was only by this union that the persecution and slaughter, which took place shortly afterwards could ensue. Ahab was not a righteous man in the sight of the Lord; on the contrary he did evil more than all who were before him. After his marriage to Jezebel he began to serve and worship Baal having forsaken the one true God. As if it were not enough for Ahab to serve Baal, Jezebel beguiled him into convincing the people of Israel to worship Baal as well. Though by and large the people served Baal, there was still a remnant, that would not serve, that were wholly committed to the one true God, and a great persecution began against those who were unwilling to acquiesce. In her fury Jezebel persecuted the prophets of the Lord and killed them, as well as ordering the murder of an innocent man by the name of Naboth over his vineyard. Jezebel had one purpose, and one purpose alone, and that was to destroy all who would not bow to Baal, and in large part, from a human perspective she seemed to have succeeded. Even the great prophet of God Elijah fled from the sight of Jezebel, and in a cave began to weep before God and say that he alone was left who remained, and now he was hiding because they sought to take his life.
- Story of the dropped helmet. Attacked by Persians
- Although considered impregnable, it was still twice captured: In 549 B.C. by Cyrus (king of Persia). A soldier named Hyroades saw one of the soldiers in Sardis come down the narrow passage to retrieve a helmet that had rolled down. The passage was not really guarded at this time, as the people were over-confident. The Persians climbed up the passage and took the city. In 218 B.C. by Antiochus the Great. A soldier named Lagoras performed the same service as Hyroades, and the army captured Sardis --- again by surprise during the night. The congregation is told to be watchful and awake, or it will run the risk of being surprised by Christ, as if by a thief at night. Each time this city was captured, it was as a result of being "caught napping."
- Addressed to the individual Christian, rather than for evangelical purposes
- Custom animation effects: overlapping, transparent text(Intermediate)Tip: In the beginning of the instructions, the text boxes are referred to as “first,” “second,” and “third” based on the order in which they are created. Later on, in the animation reproduction instructions, they are referred to as “first,” “second,” and “third” based on the order in which they appear in the Selection and Visibility pane. To reproduce the text effects on this slide, do the following:On the Home tab, in the Slides group, click Layout, and then click Blank.On the Insert tab, in the Text group, click TextBox. On the slide, drag to draw a text box.Enter the text. (Note: To match the example above, enter transparent.)Select the text, and then on the Home tab, in the Font group, do the following:In the Font list, select CenturyGothic.In the FontSize box, enter 90.Click Bold.Select the text box. Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the bottom right corner of the WordArtStyles group, click the FormatTextEffects dialog box launcher. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, click TextFill in the left pane, click Solidfill in the TextFill pane, and then do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click White, Background 1 (first row, first option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 40%.Drag the text box to the left side of the slide. Select the text box. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.Drag the second, duplicate text box to the right side of the slide.Right-click the second text box, click Edit Text,and edit the text. (Note: To match the example above, enter overlapping.)On the Home tab, in the Editing group, click Select, and then click SelectionPane.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box you created. (Note: Objects you created earlier will show up at the bottom of the list in the pane, and objects you created later will show up at the top.) Under DrawingTools, on the Format tab, in the bottom left corner of the WordArtStyles group, click the FormatTextEffects dialog box launcher. In the FormatTextEffects dialog box, click TextFill in the left pane, and in the TextFill pane do the following:Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click Black, Text 1 (first row, second option from the left).In the Transparency box, enter 40%.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select both text boxes. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Top.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box you created. On the Home tab, in the Clipboard group, click the arrow under Paste, and then click Duplicate.In the Selection and Visibility pane, press and hold CTRL, and then select the second and third (black) text boxes you created. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, point to Align, and then do the following:Click Align Selected Objects.Click Align Top.ClickAlignLeft.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first (white) text box you created. On the Home tab, in the Drawing group, click Arrange, and then click BringForward.To reproduce the animation effects on this slide, do the following:To view beyond the edges of the slide, on the View tab, in the Zoom group, select Zoom. In the Zoom dialog box, select 50%.On the Animations tab, in the Animations group, click CustomAnimation. In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the animation effect (fade effect for the second text box). Under Modify: Fade,do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Speed list, select VeryFast.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the second text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to MotionPaths, and then click Right.Select the second animation effect (right motion path for the second text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click EffectOptions. In the Right dialog box,do the following:On the Effect tab, select Auto-Reverse. On the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious. In the Speed list, select 3 seconds (Slow).With the second animation effect still selected in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following on the slide: Point to the endpoint (red arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the endpoint approximately 5” beyond the right edge of the slide.Point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point approximately 5” beyond the left edge of the slide.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the thirdtext box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade.Select the third animation effect (fade effect for the third text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click Effect Options. In the Fade dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Delay box, enter 0.5.In the Speed list, select 0.5 seconds (VeryFast).In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the thirdtext box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to MotionPaths, and then click Left.Select the fourth animation effect (motion path for the third text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click Timing. In the Left dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Delay box, enter 0.5.In the Speed list, select 3 seconds (Slow).With the fourth animation effect still selected in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following on the slide:Point to the endpoint (red arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the endpoint approximately 5” beyond the left edge of the slide.Point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point approximately 5” beyond the right edge of the slide.In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to Entrance, and then click MoreEffects. In the AddEntranceEffect dialog box, under Subtle, click Fade. Select the fifth animation effect (fade effect for the first text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click Timing. In the Fade dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious.In the Delay box, enter 3.5.In the Speed list, select 0.5 seconds (VeryFast).In the Selection and Visibility pane, select the first text box in the list. In the CustomAnimation task pane, do the following:Click AddEffect, point to MotionPaths, and then click Right. Select the sixth animation effect (motion path for the first text box). Click the arrow to the right of the selected effect, and then click EffectOptions. In the Motion Path dialog box, on the Timing tab, do the following:In the Start list, select WithPrevious. In the Delay box, enter 3.5.In the Speed list, select 3 seconds (Slow).With the sixth animation effect still selected in the Custom Animation task pane, do the following on the slide:Point to the endpoint (red arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the endpoint approximately 5” beyond the left edge of the slide.Point to the starting point (green arrow) of the selected motion path until the cursor becomes a two-headed arrow. Press and hold SHIFT, and then drag the starting point approximately 5” beyond the right edge of the slide.To reproduce the background effects on this slide, do the following:Right-click the slide background area, and then click Format Background. In the Format Background dialog box, click Fill in the left pane, select Gradient fill in the Fill pane, and then do the following:In the Type list, select Linear.Click the button next to Direction, and then click Linear Down (first row, second option from the left). Under Gradient stops, click Add or Remove until two stops appear in the drop-down list.Also under Gradient stops, customize the gradient stops that you added as follows:Select Stop 1 from the list, and then do the following:In the Stop position box, enter 0%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click White, Background 1, Darker 35% (fifth row, first option from the left). Select Stop 2 from the list, and then do the following: In the Stop position box, enter 100%.Click the button next to Color, and then under ThemeColors click Black, Text 1, Lighter 15% (fifth row, second option from the left).