2. Toll Brothers: Target Price $38
Market Stats Investment Thesis
• Current Price: $21.72 • 2-Year investment story
• Market Cap: $3.49 billion • The housing market is
• 2010 Sales: $1.494 billion operating at unsustainably low
levels
• 2010 Net Income: ($3 million)
• A modest return to historical
• P/B: 1.36x
norms implies significant
upside for homebuilders
• Toll Brothers offers the best
risk/reward profile in the sector
2
3. Company Profile
• Founded in 1968
• Single-family
detached homes,
townhomes, and
urban condo
projects
• High-end
customizations
• Serves move-up,
empty nest, and
active adult buyers
• Operates in 19
states
• 2010 ASP
$565,000
3
4. Difficult backdrop for homebuilders
• New home sales 76% since
2005
• 25% of American homeowners
underwater
• “Shadow Inventory” could add
several years of excess supply
• 9% (headline) unemployment
• New Home Sales at
generational lows
• Market projections vary among
industry analysts
4
5. Toll Brothers not immune to …but will exit a stronger
housing downturn… company
Homes Delivered Revenue Net Income
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 • Increased
8769 8601
$10,000
cash, decreased debt
6687 6629
$8,000
• Conservative asset
$5,759
$6,117
$6,000 valuation
• Land acquisitions at
$4,649
$4,000
$3,149 2965
$1,755
2642
distressed prices
$1,495 $2,000
• Strategic uses of
cash – Gibraltar
$0
$806 $687 $36 -$3
-$298
-$756
-$2,000
($ millions)
5
6. Current Housing Production is Unsustainable
Annual Household Formation 1,250,000
Ownership Rate 67%
+Annual Removals 350,000
- Manufactured Housing 100,000
- Homes build on private lots 25%
Total Demand 815,625
• Distressed inventory is currently drawing demand away from new homes
• New Home Inventory/Household Ratio
o 30-Year Average: 3.42x
o Current: 1.60x
• CURRENT PACE WILL NOT SUPPORT FUTURE HOUSING DEMAND
6
7. Forecasting a modest recovery by 2012…
Assumptions New Home Sales
New home
Households NHI/HH NHS/NHI
Inventory
• Excess inventory will Year (thousands) (thousands) (millions) (per mm HH)
2008 377 353 117.18 3.01x 1.07x
be worked off due to
historic affordability 2009 356 231 117.54 1.97x 1.54x
• Total U.S. Households 2010 290 190 118.79 1.60x 1.53x
= 121million 2011 410 234 120.04 1.95x 1.75x
• NHI/HH: 2.25x 2012 519 273 121.29 2.25x 1.90x
• 6.3 Months Supply 2013 657 337 122.54 2.75x 1.95x
• U.S. New Homes Sales
= 519,000 units
7
8. Why Toll?
• Demographics
support demand for
high-end housing
• Monopoly power in its
segment
• Margin and cash flow
advantage
• Impending housing
recovery is not yet
priced into stock
8
9. Favorable demographics support thesis
• Unemployment among households earning
Unemployment >$150,000 only 3%
• Households earning >$100,000 +176% since
Households 1980 (vs. 43% increase in total households)
• Mortgage borrowing contracting
Credit • Industry professionals indicate credit
available, but standards high
9
10. Monopoly Power
$600,000
$500,000
$400,000
$300,000
$200,000
$100,000
$0
• Toll Brothers has an effective monopoly in high-end housing among publicly-traded
homebuilders
• Other homebuilders will be forced to compete on price and suffer margin pressure
• TOL has already returned to single-digit cancelation rate, while competitors elevated
10
11. Toll Brothers Should Generate Superior Margins and FCF
Favorable Demographics Support Demand
Pricing Power
Intense competition among low/mid-level
Low-end competes with foreclosures
builders for constrained buyers
Margin Outperformance
TOL historical 200+bp advantage in margin
Free Cash Flow Advantage
Strategic acquisition of land
Continued reduction of debt Share repurchase
and distressed assets
11
12. The Housing Recovery’s Effect on TOL
Toll Brothers 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Revenue & Expense Projections
U.S. Home Sales
U.S. New Home Sales (thousands) 356 290 410 519 657 743
TOL Mkt Share 0.83% 0.91% 0.70% 0.75% 0.90% 0.90%
TOL Homes Sold (thousands) 2.97 2.64 2.87 3.89 5.91 6.68
YoY Growth -55.3% -10.9% 8.5% 35.6% 52.1% 13.0%
Average Selling Price (thousands) $592.0 $565.8 $551.6 $557.1 $568.3 $579.6
Revenue (millions) $1,755.3 $1,494.8 $1,581.7 $2,166.6 $3,360.7 $3,874.6
Cost of Revenue
COR (ex impairment charges) $1,020.5 $1,152.5 $1,265.4 $1,657.4 $2,554.2 $2,944.7
Inventory Impairment Charges $465.4 $115.3 $41.7 $5.3 $3.8 $4.0
% of inventory 14.6% 3.6% 1.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1%
GM (ex impairment charges) 41.9% 22.9% 20.0% 23.5% 24.0% 24.0%
Total COR $1,485.9 $1,267.8 $1,307.1 $1,662.7 $2,558.0 $2,948.7
Total Gross Margin 15.3% 15.2% 17.4% 23.3% 23.9% 23.9%
12
13. Toll Brothers Inc. - DCF Valuation
Valuation Analysis
($ in millions)
Recent Price $20.72 PV of FCF $8,527
Beta 1.38 -Debt $1,412
• 2012E Equity: Risk Free 3.32% Equity Value $7,115
$3.15b Mkt. Risk Prem
Cost of Equity
7.0%
12.98%
Shares Outstanding
Implied Price
168
$42.42
Mkt. Val. of Equity $3,475 Current Price $20.72
• DCF: $42 (2.2x Debt
Tax Rate
$1,412
35%
Potential Upside
Implied 2012E P/B
105%
2.26x
2012P/B) Cost of Debt 6.09%
WACC 10.37%
LT Growth Rate 3.00%
• Conservative
FY2011E FY2012E FY2013E FY2014E Terminal
valuation of 2.0x Net Income $46.4 $299.5 $510.4 $614.3 $632.8
2012E BV yields +Dep. & Amort $10.2 $8.8 $10.1 $12.8 $13.2
+ After Tax Int $18.4 $15.1 $11.6 $10.7 $11.1
$38, +83% upside -Chg Working Cap -$158.6 -$159.9 -$188.8 -$157.2 -$161.9
-CapEx $10.3 $21.7 $33.6 $38.7 $39.9
FCF $223.3 $461.6 $687.3 $756.3 $779.0
$10,564.3
Price/BV Valuation Equity P/B Price Upside
2011 $3,161.7 1.50x $28.28 36%
2012 $3,150.5 2.02x $37.93 83%
13
14. Comparison Valuation
Long-Term Average Current Premium
Ticker Mkt. Cap. Price/Book Price/Book (Discount)
DHI $4,256.06 2.07x 1.55x -25%
LEN $3,681.36 0.84x 1.44x 71%
PHM $3,268.05 1.14x 1.37x 20%
MDC $1,490.06 0.76x 1.40x 83%
KBH $1,189.61 1.59x 1.80x 13%
RYL $834.33 1.12x 1.48x 33%
MTH $779.70 1.37x 1.47x 7%
SPF $514.47 1.00x 1.06x 6%
BZH $450.72 0.98x 1.03x 5%
HOV $366.67 1.22x Neg. Neg.
TOL $3,490.01 2.02x 1.32x -35%
TOL beta of 1.32 – will add beta to portfolio with limited downside risk
14
15. Risks
2-Year investment horizon
Lingering shadow inventory could depress
prices and dampen demand for new homes
Recession – unemployment and credit
constraints
Additional inventory write-downs
15
16. Conclusion
• Only a modest housing recovery
is needed in order to make the
story work
• Demographics, market position,
margin and cash flow give Toll
Brothers an edge over other
homebuilders
• Cheap valuation provides
attractive entry point for TOL
16
17. Analyst Conflicts
Analyst
Ownership • NO
Family • NO
Other Beneficial
Relationship • NO
17
18. Appendix
Company Information Housing Market Data
Debt Profile Existing Home Sales vs. New Home
Land & Cancellation Data Sales
Geographic Mix Existing Home Inventory vs. New
Balance Sheet Home Inventory-1
Income Statement Existing Home Inventory vs. New
Cash Flow Home Inventory-2
Sensitivity Analysis Affordability Index
Regional Presence 30-Year Mortgage Historical
Buyer Profile Industry Impairments
Management Profiles Harvard JCHS Study
Top Shareholders Mortgage Borrowing
Gibraltar Details Delinquencies
Highlights from Company Call What a housing recovery might look
Inventory Breakdown like?
Land Purchased 2010 Case-Shiller
Alternative Housing Stocks New Home Sales
Historical P/B & Recessions
18
19. Debt Profile Total
Company Debt/Equity Credit Rating
• No major maturities DR Horton 83% BB-
before 2013
Lennar 147% B+
• Least leverage among
publicly-traded PulteGroup 190% BB-
homebuilders MDC Holdings 123% BBB-
• 1 of 2 investment
grade credits in comp KB Home 281% B+
set Ryland Group 169% BB-
Meritage Homes 121% B+
Maturity Schedule ($mm)
Standard Pacific 282% B
2011 $102.9
Beazer Homes 305% CCC
2012 $15.7
2013 $346.4 Hovnanian Neg. CCC-
2014 $270.0 Toll Brothers 67% BBB-
2015 $300.7
Return to Appendix
19
20. Comparison among homebuilders
Land Held for Future
Company ASP FY2010 Development Cancellation Rate
DR Horton Inc. $206,100 $2,155.40 26%
Lennar Corp. $243,000 $1,990.43 18%
PulteGroup, Inc. $258,000 $1,135.20 23%
MDC Holdings Inc. $277,800 $262.86 24%
KB Home $214,500 $1,696.00 25%
Ryland Group Inc. $240,000 $62.10 22%
Meritage Homes Corporation $238,400 $449.20 24%
Standard Pacific Corp. $306,000 $564.52 18%
Beazer Homes USA Inc. $221,700 $419.10 26%
Hovnanian Enterprises Inc. $280,715 $348.50 21%
Toll Brothers $565,773 $924.0 7%
TOL has already returned to historical cancellation rates
Return to Appendix
20
21. Toll Brothers 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Revenue & Expense Projections
Revenue by Region
North
Units Delivered (thousands)
% of total
0.98
33.2%
0.77
29.3%
0.86
30.0%
1.17
30.0%
1.77
30.0%
2.01
30.0%
Projected
Average Selling Price (thousands)
YoY Growth
Total North Revenue (mil)
$595.5
-13.4%
$585.40
$526.7
-11.5%
$407.70
$500.4
-5.0%
$430.46
$505.4
1.0%
$589.63
$515.5
2.0%
$914.63
$525.8
2.0%
$1,054.48
Geographic Mix
Mid-Atlantic
Units Delivered (thousands) 0.86 0.88 0.95 1.28 1.95 2.21 • Mix favors North and
% of total 29.1% 33.2% 33.0% 33.0% 33.0% 33.0%
Average Selling Price (thousands) $571.6 $557.6 $540.9 $546.3 $557.3 $568.4 Mid-Atlantic Regions
YoY Growth -6.1% -2.4% -3.0% 1.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Total Mid-Atlantic Revenue (mil) $492.70 $488.50 $511.84 $701.10 $1,087.55 $1,253.83
South
Units Delivered (thousands) 0.54 0.50 0.52 0.70 1.06 1.20
% of total 18.3% 18.8% 18.0% 18.0% 18.0% 18.0%
Average Selling Price (thousands) $529.8 $530.7 $528.1 $533.4 $544.0 $554.9
YoY Growth 4.2% 0.2% -0.5% 1.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Total South Revenue (mil) $288.20 $264.30 $272.55 $373.34 $579.12 $667.66
West
Units Delivered (thousands) 0.58 0.49 0.54 0.74 1.12 1.27
% of total 19.4% 18.7% 19.0% 19.0% 19.0% 19.0%
Average Selling Price (thousands) $675.3 $676.7 $673.3 $680.1 $693.7 $707.5
YoY Growth -21.3% 0.2% -0.5% 1.0% 2.0% 2.0%
Total West Revenue (mil) $389.00 $334.30 $366.84 $502.48 $779.45 $898.63
Total Units 2.97 2.64 2.87 3.89 5.91 6.68
Average Selling Price $592.0 $565.8 $551.6 $557.1 $568.3 $579.6
Total Revenue $1,755.3 $1,494.8 $1,581.7 $2,166.6 $3,360.7 $3,874.6
North 33% 27% 27% 27% 27% 27%
Mid-Atlantic 28% 33% 32% 32% 32% 32% Based on current proportion of
South 16% 18% 17% 17% 17% 17% inventory by region
West 22% 22% 23% 23% 23% 23%
21 Return to Appendix
26. Toll Brothers’ Housing Presence
North Mid-Atlantic South West
Massachusetts Pennsylvania Texas California
Connecticut Virginia Florida Nevada
New York Delaware South Carolina Arizona
New Jersey Maryland North Carolina Colorado
Minnesota
Illinois
Michigan
Return to Appendix
26
27. Home Price and Buyer Distribution
Distribution of Home Prices Buyer Financing
7% 10% 7%
14% 30%
<$300,000
$300,000-
699,999 63%
$700,000-
69% Jumbo
$999,999 Conforming
>$1,000,000
Cash
Return to Appendix
27
28. Mortgage Financing
• $433 million of mortgage commitments as of October
31, 2010
• Agreements with investors to acquire full amount
• 750 FICO scores and 30% equity low risk of put-back
Return to Appendix
28
29. Management
Robert Toll
• Chairman and founder
• Started firm in 1968
Douglas Yearley
• CEO
• Joined firm in 1990
Zvi Barzilay
• President, COO
• Joined firm in 1980
Martin Connor
• CFO, Treasurer
• Joined in 2008 after 20 years at E&Y
Return to Appendix
29
30. Top Shareholders
Holder Percentage Owned
Fidelity Management Co. 14.87%
Robert I. Toll 8.45%
Wellington MgmtCo. 4.65%
Franklin Mutual Advisers 3.24%
Keybank 3.16%
Vanguard Group 3.11%
Bruce E. Toll 3.01%
•Insiders own 17% of company
Return to Appendix
30
31. Gibraltar Capital and Asset Management LLP
• Formed July 2010 to invest in distressed real estate properties and
assets
• AmTrust Portfolio Acquisition: $1.7b of distressed loans and REO
o 50% FDIC interest-free 7 year loan
o 30% FDIC equity
o 20% Private Equity
Oaktree Asset Mgmt (79%)
Toll Brothers (20%) – Co-Manager
Milestone (1%) – Co-Manager
• Toll does not expect meaningful contribution to earnings until post-
2011
Return to Appendix
31
32. Highlights from Call with Management
• Gross margin ex-incentives increased due to additional throughput per
community
• Company is actively seeking more properties along the Boston-D.C.
corridor
• Company believes it is picking up market share in the markets in which
it operates
• Company has contracts in place on raw materials, but believes it can
contract labor on as-needed basis
• Current overhead can support production gains of 15-20% without
adding to cost structure
Return to Appendix
32
33. Inventory Breakdown
2010 2009
Land Controlled $31,899 $60,611
Land Owned $923,972 $775,083
Operating $2,285,854 $2,347,872
Communities
Total $3,241,745 $3,183,566
Return to Appendix
33
34. Land Purchases in 2010
Region Number of Purchased Lots Dollars Spent
Communities
North 14 1,649 $96,000,000
Mid-Atlantic 11 1,467 $110,000,000
South 48 1,676 $123,000,000
West 16 1,411 $89,000,000
Total 89 6,203 $418,000,000
Return to Appendix
34
35. Alternative Housing Plays
Home Depot
Lowe’s (LOW) NVR (NVR)
(HD)
• 2011 P/E: 19 • 2011 P/E: 18 • 2.6x P/B
• Avg. P/E: 15 • Avg. P/E: 15 • 2011 P/E: 25
• 1.07 Beta • 1.15 Beta • +25% gain
since 12/1/10
None offer same upside potential as TOL Return to Appendix
35
36. Historical Book Value and Recessions 1985-2010
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
Recession
TOL Book Value
1.5
1
0.5
0
Return to Appendix
36
37. 0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
3/1/2000
8/1/2000
1/1/2001
6/1/2001
11/1/2001
4/1/2002
9/1/2002
2/1/2003
7/1/2003
12/1/2003
5/1/2004
10/1/2004
3/1/2005
8/1/2005
1/1/2006
6/1/2006
11/1/2006
37
4/1/2007
9/1/2007
2/1/2008
7/1/2008
12/1/2008
5/1/2009
10/1/2009
3/1/2010
8/1/2010
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Existing vs. New Home Sales
SAAR
Existing
New Home
Sales SAAR
Home Sales
Return to Appendix
43. Harvard JCHS Study
• 1.2-1.8 million new households created per year
• Oldest “baby-boomers” just turning 65, many in mid-50’s
• “Echo-boom” generation already larger than “baby boom”
• 2005-2009: homeownership rates fell twice as much for low-income
households compared to high-income households
• Low-end homes experienced price drops 50% greater than high-end
homes
Return to Appendix
43
17 of approx. 200 communities are “age qualified”1,548 of units delivered were single family detached.
C-S shows continued weakness is home prices, but FHFA data shows 1% gain QoQ.FHFA takes all transactions into account, including refinances
Reduced debt by $600mm, increased cash by $600mmNearly $2 billion in impairments since 2006Taken valuation allowance against entire deferred tax asset2010 land buys: $411 million….first time in 3 years land position has shown gain
At the current pace, production and sales of new housing is unsustainably low. As of 12/31, the annual run rate of new home sales was 290,000 new single family homes. Typically, 350,000 homes are lost per year through destruction or demolition. Given that, 60,000 homes were subtracted from the housing supply in 2010. This is what housing demand would be under normal circumstances….
While there’s currently a significant supply of distressed inventory on the market, as that volume is reduced, new homes need to fill the void. I’ve made modest assumptions demonstrating a slow recovery in the housing market.First, at 1.25mm households per year you have 121 million by 2012Second I’ve increased the ratios NHI/HH to 2.25-times and lowered months supply to 6.3This yields total new homes sales of 519,000. This is actually lower than industry projections, which are forecasting over 600,000 homes sold by 2012
If the housing market is primed for a rebound, why buy a company that has a very small piece of the housing market? Moderate housing recovery translates to improvement for TOL
While the model makes Toll Brothers look appealing, the story surrounding the company supports the thesis. The demographics of Toll’s customers base support its business.
Toll Brothers also has an effective monopoly in the homebuilding space. Toll Brothers is the only builder competing in its price point. This gives Toll pricing power and margin support….Talk about consolidation – in PA area, a couple years ago there were 10 builders in the luxury space, now two including TOLMention discussion w/Lennar re:adding green features to homes as example of margin pressure at the low-end
Toll Brothers customer base is stable and growing….its position in the luxury space gives it an advantage over the low and mid-level builders who are going to increasingly be forced to compete on price and features. Historically, Toll has outperformed the other builders on both Gross and Operating Margins by 200 basis points. This margin advantage should lead to free cash flow that the company can use to solidify its strategic position. Toll Brothers is already one of two investment grade credits in the space and has been aggressively reducing its debt level. It will be able to continue.The company has made acquisitions of distressed land and will be able to do so when other builders are capital constrained. Toll will be able to eventually return value to shareholders through share repurchases.
With 519,000 homes in the market, I assumed a 0.75% market share for Toll. Typically, a builder’s backlog is used to estimate future production, but I used market share as a proxy for backlog. Toll’s sales for 2012 would be 3,890. I expect average selling price, net of incentives, to decline slightly this year, but return to positive growth beginning in 2012. I’m also projecting inventory impairments to return to historical levels by 2012 as Toll Brothers should follow the industry trends.
Putting the projections from my model into the DCF valuation, I arrived at a price of $42 per share. This was calculated using a 7% market risk premium to take the riskiness of the housing market into account. $42 implies a 2.2-times multiple of 2012 book value. Using a more conservative valuation, 2-times 2012 book value yields $38, the target price.
From a valuation standpoint, Toll is the only homebuilder currently trading at such a discount to its historical book value. The market hasn’t yet priced in the advantages Toll has in the housing market and its ability to benefit from the upcoming recovery.
Rework the risk slides.
I do not own the stock personally, or have any other beneficial relationship.
Questions……?
~$94mm in loans payable resulting from government issued bonds that are meant for infrastructure
Add into about margins….
Unemployment: North 9%, Mid 8%, South 10%, West 11%
Average income: $190,000Median Income: $150,00044% of buyers have at least one person >55 in the house
Information on liability and amounts guaranteed in 10-K, waiting on more detail from mgmt
Call to be held Monday
REITS? Names, valuations, tax consequences…..Just know something about them in case…