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The 1995 Canadian Firearms Legislation - Ten Years Later Gary Mauser, Ph D ANZSOC Conference Wellington, NZ February 2005
Gary Mauser  Professor  Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies Simon Fraser University Burnaby, BC Canada February 2005
Canada has long had strict firearms law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The 1991 Canadian Firearms Legislation (1991 through 1994) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
In 1994 Canada  Consulted with New Zealand ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The 1995 Canadian Firearms Legislation (1995 through 2003) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Criteria for evaluation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cost estimates of owner licencing and universal firearm registration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organizational problems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Data quality of firearm registry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Police do not trust the registry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Public support for the firearm registry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Owner cooperation 25 + M 7 + M DOJ estimate (1995) 12 - 13 M 7.7 M 7 M Firearms 3.5 - 4.5 M 2.2 M 2 M Firearm owners Mauser estimate CFC estimate CFC actual
Participation rates ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Evaluation Do licencing and registration improve public safety?
Which measures are the  most appropriate? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How measure public safety? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Trends in Canadian Gun Deaths 822 651 171 2001 969 818 151 1998 1,092 916 176 1995 1,379 1,108 271 1991 Total Gun Suicide Gun Homicide
Canadian Suicide Trends 3,688 1,509 651 2001 3,698 1,434 818 1998 3,968 1,382 916 1995 3,593 1,034 1,108 1991 Total Suicides Hanging Suicides Firearm Suicides
Gun Death is a Red Herring ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Trends in Canadian Suicide Rates
Trends in Suicide Rates in Australia
Social costs of the decline in  gun ownership ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How measure public safety? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gun Crime in Canada, 2003 100% 21,201 Total crimes with firearms 1% 137 Trafficking 1% 223 Discharge with intent 1% 161 Homicide with firearm 11% 2,256 Firearm usage 18% 3,877 Robbery with firearm 21% 4,510 Other offensive weapon charge 47% 10,037 Illegal possession Percentage Number
How measure public safety? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gun violence and violent crime 14% 31% 2% Canada 4% 9% 1% England and Wales 6% 14% 1% Australia Robbery Homicide Violent crime
Injuries caused by weapons during assault, Canada 2003 5,432 5,760 812 Number of incidents 2% 2% 2% Unknown 24% 47% 52% No injuries 60% 40% 40% Minor physical injuries 14% 11% 6% Major physical injuries Club Knife Firearm
How measure public safety? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Homicide trends in Canada 29% 26% 34% 27% 33% % Firearm 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.1 Homicide rate 2003 2002 2000 1998 1996
Homicide trends in Australia 13% 13% 19% 17% 33% % Firearm 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.7 Homicide rate 2003 2002 2000 1998 1996
How should we measure improvements in public safety? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
More appropriate measures of public safety ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Homicide Trends in Canada and USA
Gang Related Homicides in Canada
Violent Crime Trends in Canada and USA
Trends in Armed Robbery in Australia 16% 15% 14% 15% 18% 24% 25% % Firearm 7162 7817 9474 9452 10850 9054 6256 Armed Robberies 2003 2002 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
Violent Crime Trends in Australia and USA
Summary and Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Suggested alternatives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Anzsoc 2005

  • 1. The 1995 Canadian Firearms Legislation - Ten Years Later Gary Mauser, Ph D ANZSOC Conference Wellington, NZ February 2005
  • 2. Gary Mauser Professor Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies Simon Fraser University Burnaby, BC Canada February 2005
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Owner cooperation 25 + M 7 + M DOJ estimate (1995) 12 - 13 M 7.7 M 7 M Firearms 3.5 - 4.5 M 2.2 M 2 M Firearm owners Mauser estimate CFC estimate CFC actual
  • 14.
  • 15. Evaluation Do licencing and registration improve public safety?
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. Trends in Canadian Gun Deaths 822 651 171 2001 969 818 151 1998 1,092 916 176 1995 1,379 1,108 271 1991 Total Gun Suicide Gun Homicide
  • 19. Canadian Suicide Trends 3,688 1,509 651 2001 3,698 1,434 818 1998 3,968 1,382 916 1995 3,593 1,034 1,108 1991 Total Suicides Hanging Suicides Firearm Suicides
  • 20.
  • 21. Trends in Canadian Suicide Rates
  • 22. Trends in Suicide Rates in Australia
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. Gun Crime in Canada, 2003 100% 21,201 Total crimes with firearms 1% 137 Trafficking 1% 223 Discharge with intent 1% 161 Homicide with firearm 11% 2,256 Firearm usage 18% 3,877 Robbery with firearm 21% 4,510 Other offensive weapon charge 47% 10,037 Illegal possession Percentage Number
  • 26.
  • 27. Gun violence and violent crime 14% 31% 2% Canada 4% 9% 1% England and Wales 6% 14% 1% Australia Robbery Homicide Violent crime
  • 28. Injuries caused by weapons during assault, Canada 2003 5,432 5,760 812 Number of incidents 2% 2% 2% Unknown 24% 47% 52% No injuries 60% 40% 40% Minor physical injuries 14% 11% 6% Major physical injuries Club Knife Firearm
  • 29.
  • 30. Homicide trends in Canada 29% 26% 34% 27% 33% % Firearm 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.1 Homicide rate 2003 2002 2000 1998 1996
  • 31. Homicide trends in Australia 13% 13% 19% 17% 33% % Firearm 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.7 Homicide rate 2003 2002 2000 1998 1996
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34. Homicide Trends in Canada and USA
  • 36. Violent Crime Trends in Canada and USA
  • 37. Trends in Armed Robbery in Australia 16% 15% 14% 15% 18% 24% 25% % Firearm 7162 7817 9474 9452 10850 9054 6256 Armed Robberies 2003 2002 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
  • 38. Violent Crime Trends in Australia and USA
  • 39.
  • 40.

Notas do Editor

  1. The Canadian Firearms Registry is now a case study in failure in information management in business school. Firearms are inherently complex Cooperating agencies have widely differing standards for ensuring data quality, and information needs
  2. Source of error claim: ERRORS, ERRORS AND MORE ERRORS By Garry Breitkreuz, MP ミ February 26, 2002
  3. Alberta, (BC), Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, (Newfoundland)
  4. Gun death is the criterion of choice for the ‘anti-gun lobby’ so they have trumpeted that these declines signal success.
  5. Can it be considered a success if total suicides do not decline? No lives have been saved.
  6. There is a fundamental clash between Crime prevention and civil rights.
  7. The table shows the percentage of each category that involves firearm. How is the public safer if gun laws merely move criminals from gun crimes to knife or club crimes?
  8. Firearm assaults are less likely to result in injuries, and the injuries that occur are more likely to be less severe injuries than those that occur during assaults involving other weapons. UCR II -- 61% of total volume of crime. Non representative of Canada as a whole; 122 police departments.
  9. The violent crime rate in Canada is not dropping as fast as it is in the US. Why not, if the gun program is so successful?
  10. Pendulum has swung too far away from protecting public safety towards rehabilitation of offenders; most criminal violence is committed by repeat offenders.